std::string删除首字符

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-06-08 09:45 315阅读 0赞

查了下std::string的使用手册，才知道string删除字符只有erase成员方法，但是这个方法提供了3个重载函数，如下：

string& erase ( size_t pos = 0, size_t n = npos );
    iterator erase ( iterator position );
    iterator erase ( iterator first, iterator last );  
    
    Erase characters from string
    
    Erases a part of the string content, shortening the length of the string.
    
    The characters affected depend on the member function version used:
    
    
    string& erase ( size_t pos = 0, size_t n = npos ); 
    Erases a sequence of n characters starting at position pos. Notice that both parameters are optional: with only one argument, the function deletes everything from position pos forwards, and with no arguments, the function deletes the entire string, like member clear. 
    iterator erase ( iterator position ); 
    Erases the character referred by the iterator position. Only one character is affected. 
    iterator erase ( iterator first, iterator last ); 
    Erases all the characters between first and last. 
    
    Parameters
    pos 
    Position within the string of the first character to be erased.
    If the position passed is past the end of the string, an out_of_range exception is thrown. 
    
    n 
    Amount of characters to be removed. It may remove less characters if the end of the string is reached before the n characters have been erased. The default value of npos indicates that all the characters until the end of the string should be erased.
    size_t is an unsigned integral type. 
    position 
    Iterator of the member type string::iterator referring to a signle character in the string to be removed. 
    first 
    Iterator of the member type string::iterator referring to the first character in a sequence of characters within the string to be erased. 
    last 
    Iterator of the member type string::iterator referring to the last character in the sequence of characters within the string to be erased. 
    
    Return Value
    For the member that returns a string&, the function returns *this.
    For the remaining members, the function returns an iterator of member type string::iterator referring to the character that now occupies the position of the first character erased, or, if no such character exists, returns end().
    
    Example
    // string::erase
    #include <iostream>
    #include <string>
    using namespace std;
    
    int main ()
    {
      string str ("This is an example phrase.");
      string::iterator it;
    
      // erase used in the same order as described above:
      str.erase (10,8);
      cout << str << endl;        // "This is an phrase."
    
      it=str.begin()+9;
      str.erase (it);
      cout << str << endl;        // "This is a phrase."
    
      str.erase (str.begin()+5, str.end()-7);
      cout << str << endl;        // "This phrase."
      return 0;
    }
     
    
    
    Basic template member declaration
    ( basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator> )
    typedef typename Allocator::size_type size_type;
    basic_string& erase( size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos);
         iterator erase ( iterator p );
         iterator erase ( iterator first, iterator last );
     
    
    
    See also
    string::clear Clear string (public member function) 
    string::replace Replace part of string (public member function) 
    string::insert Insert into string (public member function) 
    string::assign Assign content to string (public member function)

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因此，删除首字符可用的方法有：

1. str.erase(0, 1);

2. str.erase(str.begin());

3. str.erase(str.begin(), str.begin()+1) ; // 此法估计不会有人用了

4. 还能想到的应该是取子串方法了！