eclipse创建maven springMVC项目

红太狼 2022-06-08 06:15 296阅读 0赞

一、在eclipse中创建maven-archetype-webapp项目：

1.新建项目选择maven项目  
　  
![　1.新建项目选择maven项目][1._maven]

2、选择下一步

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817160559812-261818681.png]

3.选择maven-archetype-webapp,其他保持默认即可

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817160835546-995004340.jpg]

4.如下填写完成后，点击完成即可  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817161414531-1575797775.jpg]

5.创建完成后的maven项目结构如下

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817161851140-514674295.png]

其中index.jsp报错，错误信息：Multiple annotations found at this line: - The superclass “javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet” was not found on the Java

意思是缺少servlet包，我们可以导入javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar包，我们可以用两种方式来处理：

1> 在pom.xml中的dependencies中加入依赖包

<dependency>
             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
             <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
             <version>3.1.0</version>
     </dependency>

2> 可以在build path中添加tomcat 库，如下

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817173049109-1552323240.jpg]  
在选择  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817173433218-25522822.jpg]

至此一个maven web项目已经搭建好  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160817173731531-1366072937.png]

二、配置springMVC

1.在pom.xml中添加对spring的依赖　pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.test</groupId>
      <artifactId>HelloSpringMVC</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <name>HelloSpringMVC Maven Webapp</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
      <properties>
          <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.1</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <build>
        <finalName>HelloSpringMVC</finalName>
      </build>
    </project>

保存后会下载对应的jar文件

2.编辑web.xml文件

<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
    
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    
      <servlet>
          <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
              <init-param>
                 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <param-value>classpath:springContext.xml</param-value>
          </init-param>
          <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
          <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
          <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      <context-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springContext.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
      <listener>
          <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
    </web-app>

3.创建springContext.xml文件，在src/main/resources包中创建springContext.xml文件，如图：  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160818135648296-695636961.png]

springContxt.xml内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.test"></context:component-scan>
        
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix">
                <value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
            </property>
            <property name="suffix">
                <value>.jsp</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

在springContext.xml中，base-package是指定spring控制器控件的包，前缀指定的是视图目录，被设置为/WEB-INF/views，即视图目录被放到WEB-INF下。后缀指定的是视图的扩展名。例如，”hellospring”视图，将被放到/WEB-INF/views/hellospring.jsp

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160818141027718-1850697016.png]

HelloSpringController.java

package com.test;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    
    @Controller
    public class HelloSpringController {
        String message = "Welcome to Spring MVC!";
    
        @RequestMapping("/hello")
        public ModelAndView showMessage(@RequestParam(value = "name", required = false, defaultValue = "Spring") String name) {
    
            ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hellospring");//指定视图
    　　　　　//向视图中添加所要展示或使用的内容，将在页面中使用
            mv.addObject("message", message);
            mv.addObject("name", name);
            return mv;
        }
    }

在上面的代码中，@Controller注解为Spring标注前置控制器的方式，@RequestMapping注解映射web请求到具体要操作的类或者方法上面，@RequestMapping注解既可以用到类上，也可以用到方法上，在此不再详述，如有疑问，可以百度。@RequestParam注解为请求指定参数。这种方式提供了一个一致 的编程风格。

另外上述代码中ModelAndView类指定具体的视图，这里是”hellospring”，由于我们在springContext.xml配置了视图的前后缀，所以在这里只需要写出视图的具体名称即可，其具体指定的就是：前缀+视图名称+后缀，即完整的视图路径/WEB-INF/views/hellospring.jsp，也就是所要展示的视图的位置。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Spring 4 MVC - HelloWorld Index Page</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <center>
            <h2>Hello World</h2>
            <h3>
                <a href="hello?name=zhangsan">点击跳转</a>
            </h3>
        </center>
    </body>
    </html>

hellospring.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Spring 4 MVC -HelloWorld</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <center>
            <h2>Hello World</h2>
            <h2>
                ${message} ${name}     </h2>
        </center>
    </body>
    </html>

好，至此我们使用maven搭建springMVC的操作已经全部完成，完成后整个项目的结构如下图：  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160818144323531-1670947266.png]

三、将项目部署到tomcat服务器运行

首页 [http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/][http_localhost_8080_HelloSpringMVC] ，其中也可以使用 [http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/index.jsp][http_localhost_8080_HelloSpringMVC_index.jsp] 两个效果是一样的  
![这里写图片描述][480564-20160818145239359-1086737023.jpg]

![这里写图片描述][480564-20160818145347562-919143558.jpg]

[1._maven]: /images/20220608/880ff022ca5e40de8754a58937e46653.png
[480564-20160817160559812-261818681.png]: /images/20220608/8858d77c367941bda784a1303d152b28.png
[480564-20160817160835546-995004340.jpg]: /images/20220608/27c72663bc0642cb9ff380360d45b2d3.png
[480564-20160817161414531-1575797775.jpg]: /images/20220608/82a6f8e3f7484fb792f89126436589e1.png
[480564-20160817161851140-514674295.png]: /images/20220608/408b7120aa9e441e846edb5317806fed.png
[480564-20160817173049109-1552323240.jpg]: /images/20220608/8fe656ca159d4d8baae641096ca4ff33.png
[480564-20160817173433218-25522822.jpg]: /images/20220608/94926a4409dc46bd9c2693dfb9db6ce8.png
[480564-20160817173731531-1366072937.png]: /images/20220608/0c58a5302d314c0fafbfe155c456a4f4.png
[480564-20160818135648296-695636961.png]: /images/20220608/d38204b7c7c849f59a6d318e2ea562e2.png
[480564-20160818141027718-1850697016.png]: /images/20220608/481d2b8bfe0a43b58dc4ae142e8241b2.png
[480564-20160818144323531-1670947266.png]: /images/20220608/775676b87d6441bcb90f3318f41deaf8.png
[http_localhost_8080_HelloSpringMVC]: http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/
[http_localhost_8080_HelloSpringMVC_index.jsp]: http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/index.jsp
[480564-20160818145239359-1086737023.jpg]: /images/20220608/08e070a03d694db6b5b3b67833499d4a.png
[480564-20160818145347562-919143558.jpg]: /images/20220608/9b2b1785094641e292b57027a2f4f015.png