Python之dict(或对象)与json之间的互相转化

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-06-07 12:47 209阅读 0赞

### Python之dict(或对象)与json之间的互相转化 ###

在Python语言中，json数据与dict字典以及对象之间的转化，是必不可少的操作。

在Python中自带json库。通过`import json`导入。

在json模块有2个方法，

*  `loads()`：将json数据转化成dict数据
 *  `dumps()`：将dict数据转化成json数据
 *  `load()`：读取json文件数据，转成dict数据
 *  `dump()`：将dict数据转化成json数据后写入json文件

下面是具体的示例：

#### dict字典转json数据 ####

import json
    
    def dict_to_json():
        dict = {}
        dict['name'] = 'many'
        dict['age'] = 10
        dict['sex'] = 'male'
        print(dict)  # 输出：{'name': 'many', 'age': 10, 'sex': 'male'}
        j = json.dumps(dict)
        print(j)  # 输出：{"name": "many", "age": 10, "sex": "male"}
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        dict_to_json()

#### 对象转json数据 ####

import json
    
    def obj_to_json():
        stu = Student('007', '007', 28, 'male', '13000000000', '123@qq.com')
        print(type(stu))  # <class 'json_test.student.Student'>
        stu = stu.__dict__  # 将对象转成dict字典
        print(type(stu))  # <class 'dict'>
        print(stu)  # {
       'id': '007', 'name': '007', 'age': 28, 'sex': 'male', 'phone': '13000000000', 'email': '123@qq.com'}
        j = json.dumps(obj=stu)
        print(j)  # {
       "id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "123@qq.com"}
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        obj_to_json()

#### json数据转成dict字典 ####

import json
    
    def json_to_dict():
        j = '{"id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "123@qq.com"}'
        dict = json.loads(s=j)
        print(dict)  # {'id': '007', 'name': '007', 'age': 28, 'sex': 'male', 'phone': '13000000000', 'email': '123@qq.com'}
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        json_to_dict()

#### json数据转成对象 ####

import json
    
    def json_to_obj():
        j = '{"id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "123@qq.com"}'
        dict = json.loads(s=j)
        stu = Student()
        stu.__dict__ = dict
        print('id: ' + stu.id + ' name: ' + stu.name + ' age: ' + str(stu.age) + ' sex: ' + str(
            stu.sex) + ' phone: ' + stu.phone + ' email: ' + stu.email)  # id: 007 name: 007 age: 28 sex: male phone: 13000000000 email: 123@qq.com
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        json_to_obj()

#### json的`load()`与`dump()`方法的使用 ####

*  `dump()`方法的使用

import json
    
    def dict_to_json_write_file():
        dict = {}
        dict['name'] = 'many'
        dict['age'] = 10
        dict['sex'] = 'male'
        print(dict)  # {'name': 'many', 'age': 10, 'sex': 'male'}
        with open('1.json', 'w') as f:
            json.dump(dict, f)  # 会在目录下生成一个1.json的文件，文件内容是dict数据转成的json数据
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        dict_to_json_write_file()

*  `load()`的使用

import json
    
    def json_file_to_dict():
        with open('1.json', 'r') as f:
            dict = json.load(fp=f)
            print(dict)  # {'name': 'many', 'age': 10, 'sex': 'male'}
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        json_file_to_dict()