车牌号和身份证号的提取

秒速五厘米 2022-06-05 12:24 335阅读 0赞

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开运算先腐蚀后膨胀  
开运算的特点主要是消除小目标，断开目标间的细微连接，平滑目标轮廓，较好的保持目标大小  
闭运算先膨胀后腐蚀  
闭运算的特点主要是连接目标中的狭窄间断，填充目标中的小洞，填补目标轮廓线中的断裂，平滑目标轮廓

代码：身份证号提取  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]

clear,clc,close all;
    f=imread('id.jpg');
    %转换为二进制并反转（黑变白白变黑）
    b=~im2bw(f);
    figure,imshow(b);
    %构造结构元素（矩形，宽10px高20px）
    se=strel('rectangle',[10,20]);
    %进行闭运算（先膨胀后腐蚀）
    fclose=imclose(b,se);
    figure,imshow(fclose);
    %构造线性构造元素 长250px 角度为0平行于水平轴
    se1=strel('line',250,0);
    %进行腐蚀运算  腐蚀运算为将结构快完全放在目标元素中平移，和结构块元素中心的那一块元素重合的保留，其他的被腐蚀
    ferode=imerode(fclose,se1);
    figure,imshow(ferode);
    %重构造 根据ferode重新构造fclose，在fercode保留和fclose在相同位置的大块元素
    frec=imreconstruct(ferode,fclose);
    figure,imshow(frec);
    frec2=imreconstruct(frec,b);
    figure,imshow(frec2);
    [h,w]=find(frec2);
    hmax=max(h);
    hmin=min(h);
    wmax=max(w);
    wmin=min(w);
    crop=frec2(hmin:hmax,wmin:wmax);
    figure,imshow(crop);

运行结果：  
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代码：车牌号提取  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 16]

clear,clc,close all;
    f=imread('车牌.png');
    b=im2bw(f,0.85);
    figure,imshow(b);
    se=strel('rectangle',[10,5]);
    ferode=imerode(b,se);
    figure,imshow(ferode);
    se=strel('disk',2);
    bditade=imerode(b,se);
    figure,imshow(ferode);
    brecon=imreconstruct(ferode,b);
    imshow(brecon);
    [hs,ws]=find(brecon);
    a=min(hs);b=max(hs);
    c=min(ws);d=max(ws);
    finalresult=brecon(a:b,c:d);
    figure,imshow(finalresult);

运行结果：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 17]

[资料下载][Link 1]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220605/da8d57d2905d4aabb55eb9497d2aeb86.png
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[Link 1]: http://download.csdn.net/download/m0_37402140/10135203