使用Nginx+FFMPEG搭建HLS直播转码服务器

- 日理万妓 2022-06-05 06:50 357阅读 0赞

from http://blog.csdn.net/wutong\_login/article/details/42292787

目的:使Nginx支持Rtmp协议推流，并支持hls分发功能及FFMPEG转码多码率功能。

一、准备工作  
模块:nginx-rtmp-module-master(支持rtmp协议)  
下载地址:  
[http://nginx.org][http_nginx.org]  
[https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module][https_github.com_arut_nginx-rtmp-module]

1、安装依赖包:  
\#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86\_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86\_64 gcc-c++

2、安装git工具:  
\#mkdir soft-source  
\#cd soft-source  
\#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz   
\#cd git-2013-02-04  
\#autoconf  
\#./configure  
\#make && make install  
\# git --version  
git version 1.8.1.GIT  
\#cd ..

【错误处理】

> 如果 git-latest.tar.gz大小为0，请下载git-latest-tar.xz
> 
> 然后xz -d git-latest.tar.xz解压为.tar
> 
> 再tar xvf git-latest.tar

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：  
\++++++++Yasm+++++++++++  
\#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz  
\#cd yasm-1.2.0  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++x264+++++++++++  
\#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264  
\#cd x264  
\#./configure --enable-shared   
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..

\++++++++LAME+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz  
\#cd lame-3.99.5  
\#./configure --enable-nasm  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libogg+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz  
\#cd libogg-1.3.0  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz  
\#cd libvorbis-1.3.3  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libvpx+++++++++++  
\#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git  
\#cd libvpx  
\#./configure  --enable-shared  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz  
\#cd faad2-2.7  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++FAAC+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz  
\#cd faac-1.28  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..

【错误处理】

> 编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：
> 
> mpeg4ip.h:126: error: new declaration ‘char\* strcasestr(const char\*, const char\*)’
> 
> 解决方法：
> 
> 从123行开始修改此文件mpeg4ip.h，到129行结束。  
> 修改前：  
> \#ifdef \_\_cplusplus  
> extern "C" \{  
> \#endif  
> char \*strcasestr(const char \*haystack, const char \*needle);  
> \#ifdef \_\_cplusplus  
> \}  
> \#endif  
>   
> 修改后：  
> \#ifdef \_\_cplusplus  
> extern "C++" \{  
> \#endif  
> const char \*strcasestr(const char \*haystack, const char \*needle);  
> \#ifdef \_\_cplusplus  
> \}  
> \#endif

\++++++++Xvid+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz  
\#cd xvidcore/build/generic  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
cd ../../../

\++++++++ffmpeg+++++++++++  
\#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg  
\#cd ffmpeg  
\#./configure  --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree  --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads  
\#make && make install  
\#cd ..  
【错误处理】

> 如果提示libvpx decoder version must be >=0.91，请从Baidu搜索一下libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz下载。
> 
> bzip2 -d  libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz2
> 
> tar xvf  libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz2
> 
> cd libvpx-v1.1.0
> 
> ./configure --enable-shared --enable-vp8
> 
> make
> 
> make install

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:  
include ld.so.conf.d/\*.conf  
/lib  
/lib64  
/usr/lib  
/usr/lib64  
/usr/local/lib  
/usr/local/lib64  
/opt/ffmpeg/lib  
\#ldconfig

【说明】

> 动态装入器找到共享库要依靠两个文件 — /etc/ld.so.conf 和 /etc/ld.so.cache。

安装完成后，ffmpeg位于**/opt/ffmpeg/bin**目录下。

二、安装Nginx相关模块

1.环境准备

yum install –y pcre pcre-devel

yum install –y zlib zlib-devel

2.下载nginx及rtmp模块

wget [ http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz][http_nginx.org_download_nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz]

tar xzvf nginx\_1.6.2.tar.gz

git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git

3.编译nginx-rtmp

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --with-http\_stub\_status\_module

make

make install

安装完成后，nginx位于/usr/local/nginx/sbin目录下，配置文件nginx.conf在/usr/local/nginx/conf目录下

\++++++++测试nginx是否安装正确+++++++++++

\#cd /usr/local/nginx

\#./sbin/nginx -c ./conf/nginx.conf

打开网页[http://localhost][http_localhost]，如果显示Welcome表示安装下正确，如果没有显示，请查看一下nginx的日志。

\++++++++测试RTMP+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

\#debug  
daemon off;  
master\_process off;

error\_log ./error.log debug;  
events\{  
    worker\_connections 1024;  
\}

rtmp\{  
    server \{  
        listen 1935;  
        chunk\_size 4000;

\#live  
        application myapp \{  
            live on;  
      \}

从网上下载一款RTMP推流工具，我使用的OBS（Open Broadcaster Software），开始推流rtmp://your\_ip/myapp/test，使用播放器（[http://www.cutv.com/demo/live\_test.swf][http_www.cutv.com_demo_live_test.swf]）查看是否正常。

\++++++++测试HLS切片功能+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

\#debug  
daemon off;  
master\_process off;

error\_log ./error.log debug;  
events\{  
    worker\_connections 1024;  
\}

rtmp\{  
    server \{  
        listen 1935;  
        chunk\_size 4000;

\#live  
        application myapp \{  
            live on;  
   
            hls on;  
            hls\_path /tmp/hls;  
            hls\_fragment 2s;  
            hls\_playlist\_length 6s;

\}  
    \}  
\}

\#HTTP  
http\{  
    server \{  
        listen 80;

\#welcome  
        location / \{  
            root   html;  
            index  index.html index.htm;  
        \}

\#hls  
        location /hls \{  
            types \{  
                application/vnd.apple.mpegusr m3u8;  
                video/mp2t ts;  
            \}  
            root /tmp;  
            add\_header Cache-Control no-cache;  
        \}    
    \}  
\}

使用VLC或iPAD上的播放器进行查看 [ http://yourip/hls/test.m3u8][http_yourip_hls_test.m3u8]。

\++++++++测试FFMPEG转码功能+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

\#debug  
daemon off;  
master\_process off;

error\_log ./error.log debug;  
events\{  
    worker\_connections 1024;  
\}

rtmp\{  
    server \{  
        listen 1935;  
        chunk\_size 4000;

\#live  
        application myapp \{  
            live on;  
   
           exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost/myapp/$name  
             -c:a copy  -c:v libx264 -b:v 512K -g 30 -f flv rtmp://localhost/hls/$name\_low;  
        \}  
        
        application hls \{

live on;

hls on;  
            hls\_path /tmp/hls;  
            hls\_nested on;  
            hls\_fragment 2s;  
            hls\_playlist\_length 6s;

hls\_variant \_hi  BANDWIDTH=640000;

\}  
    \}  
\}

\#HTTP  
http\{  
    server \{  
        listen 80;

\#welcome  
        location / \{  
            root   html;  
            index  index.html index.htm;  
        \}

使用ffmpeg转码时，

exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost/myapp/$name  
             -c:a copy  -c:v libx264 -b:v 512K -g 30 -f flv rtmp://localhost/hls/$name\_low;

仅对视频进行转码，音频不做处理，同时向流从myapp转推到hls， hls\_variant会生成一个多码率的m3u8文件，同时把切片文件存放到test\_low目录下，访问多码率时，直接访问[http://yourip/hls/test.m3u8][http_yourip_hls_test.m3u8]，根据这个m3u8中的实现的内容访问相应的码流，在本例中，实际码流URL为[http://yourip/hls/test\_low/index.m3u8][http_yourip_hls_test_low_index.m3u8]

[http_nginx.org]: http://nginx.org
[https_github.com_arut_nginx-rtmp-module]: https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module
[http_nginx.org_download_nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz]: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
[http_localhost]: http://localhost
[http_www.cutv.com_demo_live_test.swf]: http://www.cutv.com/demo/live_test.swf
[http_yourip_hls_test.m3u8]: http://yourip/hls/test.m3u8
[http_yourip_hls_test_low_index.m3u8]: http://yourip/hls/test_low/index.m3u8