Linux服务器，服务管理--systemctl命令详解，设置开机自启动

「爱情、让人受尽委屈。」 2022-06-04 06:27 600阅读 0赞

syetemclt就是service和chkconfig这两个命令的整合，在CentOS 7就开始被使用了。

摘要: systemctl 是系统服务管理器命令，它实际上将 service 和 chkconfig 这两个命令组合到一起。

<table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:1px solid silver; word-break:break-word"> 
 <tbody style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 任务</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 旧指令</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 新指令</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 使某服务自动启动</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> chkconfig --level 3 httpd on</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl enable httpd.service</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 使某服务不自动启动</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> chkconfig --level 3 httpd off</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl disable httpd.service</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 检查服务状态</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> service httpd status</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl status&nbsp;httpd.service （服务详细信息） systemctl is-active httpd.service （仅显示是否 Active)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 显示所有已启动的服务</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> chkconfig --list</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl list-units --type=service</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 启动某服务</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> service httpd start</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl start httpd.service</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 停止某服务</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> service httpd stop</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl stop httpd.service</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> 重启某服务</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> service httpd restart</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse"> systemctl restart httpd.service</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

下面以nfs服务为例：

1.启动nfs服务

systemctl start nfs-server.service

2.设置开机自启动

systemctl enable nfs-server.service

3.停止开机自启动

systemctl disable nfs-server.service

4.查看服务当前状态

systemctl status nfs-server.service

5.重新启动某服务

systemctl restart nfs-server.service

6.查看所有已启动的服务