SpringBoot之邮件发送

墨蓝 2022-06-01 08:24 239阅读 0赞

项目结构：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

1.添加依赖：

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
    </dependency>

application.properties

# JavaMailSender \u90AE\u4EF6\u53D1\u9001\u7684\u914D\u7F6E
    spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
    spring.mail.username=XXX
    spring.mail.password=XXXX
    spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
    spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
    spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true

EmailService.java

public interface EmailService { 
        /** * 发送简单邮件 * * @param sendTo * 收件人地址 * @param titel * 邮件标题 * @param content * 邮件内容 */
        public void sendSimpleMail(String sendTo, String titel, String content);
    
        /** * 发送带附件的邮件 * @param sendTo * 收件人地址 * @param titel * 邮件标题 * @param content * 邮件内容 */
        public void sendAttachmentsMail(String sendTo, String titel, String content);
    
        /** * 发送模板邮件 * @param sendTo * 收件人地址 * @param titel * 邮件标题 */
        public void sendTemplateMail(String sendTo, String title);
    }

EmailServiceImpl.java

@Service
    public class EmailServiceImpl implements EmailService { 
    
        @Autowired
        private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    
        @Autowired
        private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;  //自动注入
    
        @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
        private String sender; // 读取配置文件中的参数
    
        @Override
        public void sendSimpleMail(String sendTo, String titel, String content) {
            SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
            message.setFrom(sender);
            message.setTo(sendTo);
            message.setSubject(titel);
            message.setText(content);
            mailSender.send(message);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void sendAttachmentsMail(String sendTo, String titel, String content) {
            MimeMessage message = null;
            try {
                message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
                helper.setFrom(sender);
                helper.setTo(sendTo);
                helper.setSubject(titel);
                helper.setText(content);
                // 注意项目路径问题，自动补用项目路径
                FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(
                        "D://data//1.jpg"));
                // 加入邮件
                helper.addAttachment("图片.jpg", file);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mailSender.send(message);
        }
        @Override
        public void sendTemplateMail(String sendTo, String title) {
            MimeMessage message = null;
            try {
                message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
                helper.setFrom(sender);
                helper.setTo(sendTo);
                helper.setSubject(title);
                Map<String, String> model = new HashMap<String, String>();
                model.put("username", "dx");
    
                // 读取 html 模板
                Template template = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration()
                        .getTemplate("mail.html");
                String html = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(
                        template, model);
                helper.setText(html, true);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mailSender.send(message);
        }
    }

MainController.java

package com.dx.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import com.dx.service.EmailService;
    
    @RestController
    public class MainController { 
    
        @Autowired
        private EmailService emailService;
    
        /** * 测试发送简单邮件 * * @return * @throws Exception */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/sendSimpleEmail", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String sendSimpleEmail() throws Exception {
            String sendTo = "1278461341@qq.com";
            String title = "测试简单邮件";
            String content = "测试邮件内容";
            emailService.sendSimpleMail(sendTo, title, content);
            return "发送成功！";
        }
    
        /** * 测试发送带附件的邮件 * * @return * @throws Exception */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/sendFileEmail", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String sendFileEmail() throws Exception {
            String sendTo = "1278461341@qq.com";
            String title = "测试带附件邮件";
            String content = "测试邮件内容";
            emailService.sendAttachmentsMail(sendTo, title, content);
            return "发送成功！";
        }
    
        /** * 测试发送模板邮件 * * @return * @throws Exception */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/sendTempEmail", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String sendTempEmail() throws Exception {
            String sendTo = "1278461341@qq.com";
            String title = "测试模板邮件";
            emailService.sendTemplateMail(sendTo, title);
            return "发送成功！";
        }
    }

邮件模板：template.ftl

<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h3>你好， ${username}, 这是一封模板邮件!</h3>
    </body>
    </html>

main.html

注意：  
当传入发送邮箱正确的用户名和密码时，总是收到到：550 User has no permission这样的错误，

其实我们用Java发送邮件时相当于自定义客户端根据用户名和密码进行登录，然后使用SMTP服务发送邮件。但新注册的163邮件默认是不开启客户端授权验证的（对自定的邮箱大师客户端默认开启），

因此登录总是会被拒绝，验证没有权限。解决办法是进入163邮箱，进入邮箱中心——客户端授权密码，选择开启即可，如下截图

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

设置完毕后，在代码中用使用客户端授权密码代替原始的邮箱密码，这样就可以正确的发送邮件了。

[SouthEast]: /images/20220601/3b240082936c46ed83ac88b43f8d70f7.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220601/9c4118d59f6447d1b63bf25a4e775eb1.png