python五大数据类型

小灰灰 2022-05-31 12:55 180阅读 0赞

# [python基础之五大标准数据类型][python] #

学习一门语言，往往都是从Hello World开始。 但是笔者认为，在一个黑框框中输出一个“你好，世界”并没有什么了不起，要看透事物的本质，熟悉一门语言，就要了解其底层，就是我们常常说的基础。本篇从python中的变量类型开始。

五大标准数据类型

在内存中存储的数据可以有多种类型。

例如， 一个人的名字可以用字符来存储， 年龄可以用数字来存储， 爱好可以用集合来存储等等。

Python有五个标准的数据类型：

*  Numbers（数字）
 *  String（字符串）
 *  List（列表）
 *  Tuple（元组）
 *  Dictionary（字典）

其中属于集合类型的数据类型有 列表、元组及字典。

0x00. 数字（Numbers）

数字数据类型用于存储数值。

他们是不可改变的数据类型，这意味着改变数字数据类型会分配一个新的对象。

当你指定一个值时，Number对象就会被创建：

del语句删除一些对象的引用，其语法是：

通过使用del语句可以删除单个或多个对象的引用。例如：

四种不同的数字类型：

*  int（有符号整型）
 *  long（长整型\[也可以代表八进制和十六进制\]）
 *  float（浮点型）
 *  complex（复数）

a. int（整型）

在32位机器上，整数的位数为32位，取值范围为-2\*\*31～2\*\*31-1，即-2147483648～2147483647  
　　在64位系统上，整数的位数为64位，取值范围为-2\*\*63～2\*\*63-1，即-9223372036854775808～9223372036854775807

b. long（长整型）  
　　跟C语言不同，Python的长整数没有指定位宽，即：Python没有限制长整数数值的大小，但实际上由于机器内存有限，长整数数值不可能无限大。  
　　注意，自从Python2.2起，如果整数发生溢出，Python会自动将整数数据转换为长整数，所以如今在长整数数据后面不加字母L也不会导致严重后果了。

c. float（浮点型）

浮点数用来处理实数，即带有小数的数字。类似于C语言中的double类型，占8个字节（64位），其中52位表示底，11位表示指数，剩下的一位表示符号。  
d. complex（复数）  
　　复数由实数部分和虚数部分组成，一般形式为x＋yj，其中的x是复数的实数部分，y是复数的虚数部分，这里的x和y都是实数。

注：Python中存在小数字池：-5 ～ 257

小整数对象——小整型对象池

在实际编程中，数值比较小的整数，比如1,2,29等，可能会非常频繁的出现。而在python中，所有的对象都存在于系统堆上。想想？如果某个小整数出现的次数非常多，那么Python将会出现大量的malloc/free操作，这样大大降低了运行效率，而且会造成大量的内存碎片，严重影响Python的整体性能。

在Python2.5乃至3.3中，将小整数位于\[-5,257)之间的数，缓存在小整型对象池中。

0x01. 字符串（String）

字符串或串(String)是由数字、字母、下划线组成的一串字符。

它是编程语言中表示文本的数据类型。

Python的字串列表有2种取值顺序:

*  从左到右索引默认0开始的，最大范围是字符串长度少1
 *  从右到左索引默认-1开始的，最大范围是字符串开头

如果你要实现从字符串中获取一段子字符串的话，可以使用变量 \[头下标:尾下标\]，就可以截取相应的字符串，其中下标是从 0 开始算起，可以是正数或负数，下标可以为空表示取到头或尾。

比如:

``s\[2:6\]的结果是love。（顾头不顾尾，或左闭右开）

操作实例：

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      4 
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      5 
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      6 
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    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      7 
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      8 
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       &nbsp; 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出完整字符串</code> 
     </div> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">0</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出字符串中的第一个字符</code> 
     </div> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">5</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出字符串中第三个至第五个之间的字符</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">str</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出从第三个开始到最后的字符串</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">str</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">*</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出字符串两次</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'say: '</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">+</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">str</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出连接的字符串</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

0x02. 列表（List）

List（列表） 是 Python 中使用最频繁的数据类型。

列表可以完成大多数集合类的数据结构实现。它支持字符，数字，字符串甚至可以包含列表（所谓嵌套）。

操作实例：

<table style="border-spacing:0px;border:1px solid #C0C0C0;width:656.667px;margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
 <tbody style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
  <tr style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border-top:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
   <td style="padding:3px;border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:35px;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;color:rgb(175,175,175);"> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      1 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      2 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      3 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      4 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      5 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      6 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      7 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      8 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      9 
    </div></td> 
   <td style="padding:3px;border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'apple'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'jack'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">798</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2.22</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">36</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">otherlist&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">123</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'xiaohong'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出完整列表</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">0</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出列表第一个元素</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">1</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">3</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出列表第二个至第三个元素</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出列表第三个开始至末尾的所有元素</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(otherlist&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">*</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出列表两次</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">list</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">+</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">otherlist)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出拼接列表</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

0x03. 元祖（Tuple）

元组是另一个数据类型，类似于List（列表）。

元组用"()"标识。内部元素用逗号隔开。但是元组不能二次赋值，相当于只读列表。

操作实例与列表相似

0x04. 字典（Dictionary）

字典(dictionary)是除列表以外Python之中最灵活的内置数据结构类型。列表是有序的对象结合，字典是无序的对象集合。

两者之间的区别在于：字典当中的元素是通过键来存取的，而不是通过偏移存取。

字典用"\{ \}"标识。字典由索引(key)和它对应的值value组成。

操作实例：

<table style="border-spacing:0px;border:1px solid #C0C0C0;width:656.667px;margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
 <tbody style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
  <tr style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border-top:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
   <td style="padding:3px;border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:35px;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;color:rgb(175,175,175);"> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      1 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      2 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      3 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      4 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      5 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      6 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      7 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      8 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      9 
    </div> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px .5em;background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
      10 
    </div></td> 
   <td style="padding:3px;border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0px;background:none;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
    <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">dict</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">{}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">dict</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'one'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'This is one'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">dict</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'This is two'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">tinydict&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">{ </code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'name'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'john'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'code'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">5762</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'dept'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'sales'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">dict</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'one'</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出键为'one'的值</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">dict</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">2</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出键为2的值</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(tinydict)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出完整的字典</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(tinydict.keys())&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出所有键</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">print</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(tinydict.values())&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输出所有值</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

[python]: http://www.cnblogs.com/snaildev/p/7544558.html