使用Gradle构建工具开发Kotlin Web应用程序

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-05-30 02:28 258阅读 0赞

### 1.安装Gradle ###

下载地址https://gradle.org/install。笔者使用的Gradle下载地址链接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gf9qyC7 密码: u3k6。注意Gradle要求jdk1.7或更高

下载后的zip包如下

[![wKioL1lArpmgfBbDAAAFj4Vu10A378.png][]][wKioL1lArpmgfBbDAAAFj4Vu10A378.png]

将zip包解压，在F盘新建一个Gradle目录(新建目录的位置自定义)用来放置解压后的文件夹，然后将gradle-3.5文件夹复制到F:\\Gradle下

[![wKioL1lAt-iyqpubAAAMz0FUt64458.png][]][wKioL1lAt-iyqpubAAAMz0FUt64458.png]

配置Gradle环境变量，在系统环境变量path中追加F:\\Gradle\\gradle-3.5\\bin;指向Gradle的bin目录，然后点击确定

CMD运行gradle -version，如出现以下截图中的内容说明安装成功

[![wKiom1lAuDmhKhuoAAASBfEDTjg928.png][]][wKiom1lAuDmhKhuoAAASBfEDTjg928.png]

### 2.安装Gradle插件 ###

在Eclipse中选择Help -> Eclipse Marketplace...，输入buildship点击Go，然后选择Install安装Gradle插件

[![wKioL1lAuGKBYmxiAADe6oUVkVk322.png][]][wKioL1lAuGKBYmxiAADe6oUVkVk322.png]

安装完成后重启Eclipse。选择Window -> Preferences 选择Gradle。设置Gradle的缓存目录，指向Gradle的安装目录(可自定义缓存目录)

[![wKioL1lAuLHzRtLSAACyH4M57AQ807.png][]][wKioL1lAuLHzRtLSAACyH4M57AQ807.png]

### 3.开发Web应用程序 ###

在Eclipse中新建Gradle Project。选择JavaEE视图

[![wKiom1lAuTry3d4bAAAwlYheUPM763.png][]][wKiom1lAuTry3d4bAAAwlYheUPM763.png]

New -> Other ，选择Gradle Project

[![wKioL1lAuVzSrnImAACZAeYxcmE452.png][]][wKioL1lAuVzSrnImAACZAeYxcmE452.png]

选择Next

[![wKioL1lAuZWyN0-KAAC7dAEtVeI362.png][]][wKioL1lAuZWyN0-KAAC7dAEtVeI362.png]

输入项目名称，然后选择Next

[![wKiom1lAubuC2-jKAACdYxbziM4709.png][]][wKiom1lAubuC2-jKAACdYxbziM4709.png]

选择Gradle的安装目录然后点击Finish

[![wKioL1lAu8eBbkN6AACij5x50C4583.png][]][wKioL1lAu8eBbkN6AACij5x50C4583.png]

新建的Gradle项目结构如下。其中build.gradle是Gradle项目的主配置文件，我们只需要修改这个配置文件即可

[![wKioL1lAu\_fidB5UAAAz2ZNfQh0091.png][wKioL1lAu_fidB5UAAAz2ZNfQh0091.png]][wKioL1lAu_fidB5UAAAz2ZNfQh0091.png]

先将Gradle Project 转换成Web项目。右击项目选择Properties，然后选择Project Facets

[![wKioL1lAvHnSxgzRAADx72-fQ\_Q782.png][wKioL1lAvHnSxgzRAADx72-fQ_Q782.png]][wKioL1lAvHnSxgzRAADx72-fQ_Q782.png]

会自动添加WebContent目录

[![wKiom1lAvXeS77m6AAAz1f6p0Sg674.png][]][wKiom1lAvXeS77m6AAAz1f6p0Sg674.png]

在src下的main下面新建webapp目录，然后将WebContent下的文件夹复制过去并新建index.jsp，在index.jsp中输入内容index，然后将WebContent目录删除。结构如下

[![wKioL1lAvcSxzOOPAAATukjP75o415.png][]][wKioL1lAvcSxzOOPAAATukjP75o415.png]

打开build.gradle文件，其中一些基本的配置以及给我们生成好了

[![wKiom1lAvfDC7mo0AACVbeCdpNM138.png][]][wKiom1lAvfDC7mo0AACVbeCdpNM138.png]

为了编译Kotlin我们需要Kotlin插件，将如下配置复制到build.gradle中

同时需要java插件和war包插件

配置Kotlin的依赖库

为了开发web应用程序我们还需要JavaEE类库

这里我们使用内嵌的tomcat来运行应用程序，所以需要tomcat插件，添加如下配置

使用tomcat插件

完整配置如下

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      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">buildscript&nbsp;{ </code> 
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      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">ext.kotlin_version&nbsp;=&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'1.1.2'</code> 
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      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">repositories&nbsp;{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">mavenCentral()</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">dependencies&nbsp;{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">classpath&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">classpath&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'com.bmuschko:gradle-tomcat-plugin:2.2.2'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">//&nbsp;Apply&nbsp;the&nbsp;java-library&nbsp;plugin&nbsp;to&nbsp;add&nbsp;support&nbsp;for&nbsp;Java&nbsp;Library</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">apply&nbsp;plugin:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'java-library'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">apply&nbsp;plugin:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'kotlin'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">apply&nbsp;plugin:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'java'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">apply&nbsp;plugin:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'war'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">apply&nbsp;plugin:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'com.bmuschko.tomcat'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">//&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;section&nbsp;you&nbsp;declare&nbsp;where&nbsp;to&nbsp;find&nbsp;the&nbsp;dependencies&nbsp;of&nbsp;your&nbsp;project</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">repositories&nbsp;{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">//&nbsp;Use&nbsp;jcenter&nbsp;for&nbsp;resolving&nbsp;your&nbsp;dependencies.</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">//&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;declare&nbsp;any&nbsp;Maven/Ivy/file&nbsp;repository&nbsp;here.</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">mavenCentral()</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">dependencies&nbsp;{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">//&nbsp;Use&nbsp;JUnit&nbsp;test&nbsp;framework</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">testImplementation&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'junit:junit:4.12'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">providedCompile&nbsp;group:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'javax'</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">,&nbsp;name:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'javaee-api'</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">,&nbsp;version:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'7.0'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">compile&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">dependencies&nbsp;{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-weight:bold;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,102,153);">def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">tomcatVersion&nbsp;=&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'7.0.68'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">tomcat&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:${tomcatVersion}"</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">,&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:${tomcatVersion}"</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">,&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:${tomcatVersion}"</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="max-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;font-size:1em;background-image:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="max-width:100%;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;margin:0px;padding:0px;font-size:1em;background:none;border:0px;float:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;color:#000000;">}</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

选择项目右击选择Gradle -> Refresh Gradle Project，然后进行等待片刻

[![wKioL1lAwIixgiEsAAA9cOKP7bU735.png][]][wKioL1lAwIixgiEsAAA9cOKP7bU735.png]

此时kotlin-stadlib、javaee-api都已经引入到classpath中

Kotlin插件默认使用src/main/kotlin作为源代码目录，如果不使用默认约定则应配置sourceSets

选择项目新建一个source目录命名为src/main/kotlin用来存放Kotlin源代码

[![wKioL1lAwYezHxzRAAAn9mtRXFA589.png][]][wKioL1lAwYezHxzRAAAn9mtRXFA589.png]

选择Kotin视图可快速新建Kotlin Class

[![wKioL1lAxL3S0BfkAABukWpO9yo975.png][]][wKioL1lAxL3S0BfkAABukWpO9yo975.png]

新建完成后会自动添加Kotlin依赖

[![wKiom1lAxOSxIz8oAAA2VgVShG0694.png][]][wKiom1lAxOSxIz8oAAA2VgVShG0694.png]

在HelloWorld.kt中编写如下代码

### 4.运行应用程序 ###

在JavaEE视图中右击项目选择Run as -> Run Configurations，选择Gradle Project，然后选择New

[![wKioL1lAxVPxbDDkAAEk5VFDwVM941.png][]][wKioL1lAxVPxbDDkAAEk5VFDwVM941.png]

[![wKioL1lAxXOj7UC6AAElH8T9\_aY836.png][wKioL1lAxXOj7UC6AAElH8T9_aY836.png]][wKioL1lAxXOj7UC6AAElH8T9_aY836.png]

点击Apply然后点击Run，等到片刻后如Console控制台上出现以下字样说明启动成功

[![wKiom1lAxaDg5aR2AAAX-0qo4H8038.png][]][wKiom1lAxaDg5aR2AAAX-0qo4H8038.png]

将http://localhost:8080/Gradle复制到浏览器地址栏

[![wKioL1lAxdqRsSBmAAAOYueXeI8900.png][]][wKioL1lAxdqRsSBmAAAOYueXeI8900.png]

输入Servlet的访问路径http://localhost:8080/Gradle/helloworld

[![wKiom1lAxf7yAaZkAAARXekKbbw281.png][]][wKiom1lAxf7yAaZkAAARXekKbbw281.png]

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[wKiom1lAuTry3d4bAAAwlYheUPM763.png]: /images/20220530/7f9bd05b87bf49949a1f0766b4f241ab.png
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[wKioL1lAuZWyN0-KAAC7dAEtVeI362.png]: /images/20220530/8d6bd51923bc4e308a67e28e3988acf0.png
[wKiom1lAubuC2-jKAACdYxbziM4709.png]: /images/20220530/0f3998b9da12427e8fbbb404f0f27ef0.png
[wKioL1lAu8eBbkN6AACij5x50C4583.png]: /images/20220530/d97174ee288343139acbd26800b0b967.png
[wKioL1lAu_fidB5UAAAz2ZNfQh0091.png]: /images/20220530/b48a777fcf8542469e2c236b9ac28cfe.png
[wKioL1lAvHnSxgzRAADx72-fQ_Q782.png]: /images/20220530/25e683edb3014ba9bb4364e10cee20dc.png
[wKiom1lAvXeS77m6AAAz1f6p0Sg674.png]: /images/20220530/1e9f3bde3cee4c148b7ad57394129b32.png
[wKioL1lAvcSxzOOPAAATukjP75o415.png]: /images/20220530/48c431f0e0dc4ccc8e3a0a44a38e91a7.png
[wKiom1lAvfDC7mo0AACVbeCdpNM138.png]: /images/20220530/da9cafa0de42489f959d3b09da20a61e.png
[wKioL1lAwIixgiEsAAA9cOKP7bU735.png]: /images/20220530/9d2cb535a47c49b0a4d3714ed3def895.png
[wKioL1lAwYezHxzRAAAn9mtRXFA589.png]: /images/20220530/642fa7da455b4538b37b41eeaa9c8d53.png
[wKioL1lAxL3S0BfkAABukWpO9yo975.png]: /images/20220530/ae02f9890a37495eafb7b21a1a610b43.png
[wKiom1lAxOSxIz8oAAA2VgVShG0694.png]: /images/20220530/60df74080f1e47cf90c2a3d0eeca84f3.png
[wKioL1lAxVPxbDDkAAEk5VFDwVM941.png]: /images/20220530/dd2f353744d74b669531d972c1741dd6.png
[wKioL1lAxXOj7UC6AAElH8T9_aY836.png]: /images/20220530/c38492baa62744b09e7ca940f72926ab.png
[wKiom1lAxaDg5aR2AAAX-0qo4H8038.png]: /images/20220530/dc03d202d4ad4041975b4d7cf4bc844f.png
[wKioL1lAxdqRsSBmAAAOYueXeI8900.png]: /images/20220530/c948fd589c574452acd256d38d48fc6a.png
[wKiom1lAxf7yAaZkAAARXekKbbw281.png]: /images/20220530/a92f1c4e9bce4786aa3fed642b81bee3.png