如何通过C#获取操作系统相关的信息，如内存大小，CPU大小，机器名，环境变量等操作系统软件、硬件相关信息

傷城~ 2022-05-29 09:46 117阅读 0赞

本文通过一个Demo，讲解如何通过C\#获取操作系统相关的信息，如内存大小，CPU大小，机器名，环境变量等操作系统软件、硬件相关信息，仅供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。

**涉及知识点：**

*  Environment 提供有关当前环境和平台的信息以及操作它们的方法。
 *  ManagementClass 表示公共信息模型 (CIM) 管理类。管理类是一个 WMI 类，如 Win32\_LogicalDisk 和 Win32\_Process，前者表示磁盘驱动器，后者表示进程（如 Notepad.exe）。通过该类的成员，可以使用特定的 WMI 类路径访问 WMI 数据。

**效果图**

**系统信息 ：**获取如系统目录，平台标识，登录用户名，盘符，所在的域 等信息

![1068941-20170505201545711-1328376947.gif][]

**环境变量：**即操作系统运行的参数，看看有没有眼前为之一亮的信息

![1068941-20170505201731382-68871361.gif][]

**特殊目录：**桌面，我的文档，收藏夹，等目录，是不是很熟悉

![1068941-20170505201752586-1713134533.gif][]

**操作系统：**以下是获取CPU的信息，如型号，名称，个数，速度，厂商等信息【还可以获取其他如内存，硬盘等信息】

![1068941-20170505201809789-382083517.gif][]

代码如下：

namespace DemoEnvironment
    {
        public partial class MainFrom : Form
        {
            public MainFrom()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            private void MainFrom_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                string machineName = Environment.MachineName;
                string osVersionName = GetOsVersion(Environment.OSVersion.Version);
                string servicePack = Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack;
                osVersionName = osVersionName + " " + servicePack;
                string userName = Environment.UserName;
                string domainName = Environment.UserDomainName;
                string tickCount = (Environment.TickCount / 1000).ToString() + "s";
                string systemPageSize = (Environment.SystemPageSize / 1024).ToString() + "KB";
                string systemDir = Environment.SystemDirectory;
                string stackTrace = Environment.StackTrace;
                string processorCounter = Environment.ProcessorCount.ToString();
                string platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform.ToString();
                string newLine = Environment.NewLine;
                bool is64Os = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;
                bool is64Process = Environment.Is64BitProcess;
                
                string currDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
                string cmdLine = Environment.CommandLine;
                string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
                //long workingSet = (Environment.WorkingSet / 1024);
                this.lblMachineName.Text = machineName;
                this.lblOsVersion.Text = osVersionName;
                this.lblUserName.Text = userName;
                this.lblDomineName.Text = domainName;
                this.lblStartTime.Text = tickCount;
                this.lblPageSize.Text = systemPageSize;
                this.lblSystemDir.Text = systemDir;
                this.lblLogical.Text = string.Join(",", drives);
                this.lblProcesserCounter.Text = processorCounter;
                this.lblPlatform.Text = platform;
                this.lblNewLine.Text = newLine.ToString();
                this.lblSystemType.Text = is64Os ? "64bit" : "32bit";
                this.lblProcessType.Text = is64Process ? "64bit" : "32bit";
                this.lblCurDir.Text = currDir;
                this.lblCmdLine.Text = cmdLine;
                this.lblWorkSet.Text = GetPhisicalMemory().ToString()+"MB";
                //环境变量
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment
                IDictionary dicMachine = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
                this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "机器环境变量", newLine));
                foreach (string str in dicMachine.Keys) {
                    string val = dicMachine[str].ToString();
                    this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
                }
                this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
                // 环境变量存储在 Windows 操作系统注册表的 HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment 项中，或从其中检索。
                IDictionary dicUser = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
                this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "用户环境变量", newLine));
                foreach (string str in dicUser.Keys)
                {
                    string val = dicUser[str].ToString();
                    this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
                }
                this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
                IDictionary dicProcess = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
                this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "进程环境变量", newLine));
                foreach (string str in dicProcess.Keys)
                {
                    string val = dicProcess[str].ToString();
                    this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
                }
                //特殊目录 
                string[] names = Enum.GetNames(typeof(Environment.SpecialFolder));
                foreach (string name in names){
    
                    Environment.SpecialFolder sf;
                    if (Enum.TryParse<Environment.SpecialFolder>(name, out sf))
                    {
                        string folder = Environment.GetFolderPath(sf);
                        this.rtbFolders.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", name, folder, newLine));
                    }
                }
                //获取其他硬件，软件信息
                GetPhicnalInfo();
            }
    
            private string GetOsVersion(Version ver) {
                string strClient = "";
                if (ver.Major == 5 && ver.Minor == 1)
                {
                    strClient = "Win XP";
                }
                else if (ver.Major == 6 && ver.Minor == 0)
                {
                    strClient = "Win Vista";
                }
                else if (ver.Major == 6 && ver.Minor == 1)
                {
                    strClient = "Win 7";
                }
                else if (ver.Major == 5 && ver.Minor == 0)
                {
                    strClient = "Win 2000";
                }
                else
                {
                    strClient = "未知";
                }
                return strClient;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取系统内存大小
            /// </summary>
            /// <returns>内存大小（单位M）</returns>
            private int GetPhisicalMemory()
            {
                ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher();   //用于查询一些如系统信息的管理对象 
                searcher.Query = new SelectQuery("Win32_PhysicalMemory ", "", new string[] { "Capacity" });//设置查询条件 
                ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get();   //获取内存容量 
                ManagementObjectCollection.ManagementObjectEnumerator em = collection.GetEnumerator();
    
                long capacity = 0;
                while (em.MoveNext())
                {
                    ManagementBaseObject baseObj = em.Current;
                    if (baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value != null)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            capacity += long.Parse(baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value.ToString());
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                            return 0;
                        }
                    }
                }
                return (int)(capacity / 1024 / 1024);
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394084(VS.85).aspx
            /// </summary>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private int GetPhicnalInfo() {
                ManagementClass osClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");//后面几种可以试一下，会有意外的收获//Win32_PhysicalMemory/Win32_Keyboard/Win32_ComputerSystem/Win32_OperatingSystem
                foreach (ManagementObject obj in osClass.GetInstances())
                {
                    PropertyDataCollection pdc = obj.Properties;
                    foreach (PropertyData pd in pdc) {
                        this.rtbOs.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", pd.Name, pd.Value, "\r\n")); 
                    }
                }
                return 0;
            }
        }
    }

工程下载路径： [https://download.csdn.net/download/xiatiancc/10300432][https_download.csdn.net_download_xiatiancc_10300432]

[1068941-20170505201545711-1328376947.gif]: /images/20220529/00a97896facb458ba6a2d2ba9adc53ab.png
[1068941-20170505201731382-68871361.gif]: /images/20220529/3ee3bcdb0b424366b6c7b7581a107f83.png
[1068941-20170505201752586-1713134533.gif]: /images/20220529/ce749c5ebe4b46e38a394b5a6ee6141f.png
[1068941-20170505201809789-382083517.gif]: /images/20220529/7de3fdd1dded4f5bae257e4f7544920d.png
[https_download.csdn.net_download_xiatiancc_10300432]: https://download.csdn.net/download/xiatiancc/10300432