python中xlsx,csv以及json文件的相互转化

清疚 2022-05-28 04:28 178阅读 0赞

最近需要各种转格式，这里对相关代码作一个记录，方便日后查询。

**xlsx文件转csv文件**

import xlrd
    import csv
    
    def xlsx_to_csv():
        workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('1.xlsx')
        table = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
        with codecs.open('1.csv', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            write = csv.writer(f)
            for row_num in range(table.nrows):
                row_value = table.row_values(row_num)
                write.writerow(row_value)
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        xlsx_to_csv()

在2个文件之间转换，需要注意一个文件的字符转码问题

**使用第三方库pandas将xlsx文件转csv文件**

import pandas as pd
    
    
    def xlsx_to_csv_pd():
        data_xls = pd.read_excel('1.xlsx', index_col=0)
        data_xls.to_csv('1.csv', encoding='utf-8')
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        xlsx_to_csv_pd()

**csv文件转换成xlsx文件**

import csv
    import xlwt
    
    def csv_to_xlsx():
        with open('1.csv', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            read = csv.reader(f)
            workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
            sheet = workbook.add_sheet('data')  # 创建一个sheet表格
            l = 0
            for line in read:
                print(line)
                r = 0
                for i in line:
                    print(i)
                    sheet.write(l, r, i)  # 一个一个将单元格数据写入
                    r = r + 1
                l = l + 1
    
            workbook.save('1.xlsx')  # 保存Excel
    
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        csv_to_xlsx()

**使用pandas将csv文件转成xlsx文件**

import pandas as pd
    
    def csv_to_xlsx_pd():
        csv = pd.read_csv('1.csv', encoding='utf-8')
        csv.to_excel('1.xlsx', sheet_name='data')
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        csv_to_xlsx_pd()

**xlsx文件转json文件**

from collections import OrderedDict
    import json
    import codecs
    
    
    
    wb = xlrd.open_workbook('positive_previous.xlsx')
    
    convert_list = []
    sh = wb.sheet_by_index(0)
    title = sh.row_values(0)
    for rownum in range(1, sh.nrows):
        rowvalue = sh.row_values(rownum)
        single = OrderedDict()
        for colnum in range(0, len(rowvalue)):
            print(title[colnum], rowvalue[colnum])
            single[title[colnum]] = rowvalue[colnum]
        convert_list.append(single)
    
    j = json.dumps(convert_list)
    
    with codecs.open('positive_previous.json', "w", "utf-8") as f:
        f.write(j)

**csv文件转化为json文件**

# 下面的工具可以方便的将CSV格式文件转换成json文件格式
    
    import sys, json
    
    tip = """ 请确保： 1. CSV格式是UTF-8 2. CSV第一行是键值 用法： python csv2json.py foobar.csv 其中foobar.csv是需要转换的源数据文件 运行环境： Python 3.4.3 日期： 2015年12月29日 """
    print(tip)
    
    # 获取输入数据
    input_file = sys.argv[1]
    lines = open(input_file, "r", encoding="utf_8_sig").readlines()
    lines = [line.strip() for line in lines]
    
    # 获取键值
    keys = lines[0].split(',')
    
    line_num = 1
    total_lines = len(lines)
    
    parsed_datas = []
    while line_num < total_lines:
            values = lines[line_num].split(",")
            parsed_datas.append(dict(zip(keys, values)))
    
            line_num = line_num + 1
    
    json_str = json.dumps(parsed_datas, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
    output_file = input_file.replace("csv", "json")
    
    # write to the file
    f = open(output_file, "w", encoding="utf-8")
    f.write(json_str)
    f.close()
    
    print("解析结束！")

这段代码产生的键值不是按顺序来的，个人觉得可以改进一下