Nginx反向代理配置、动静分离配置及应用

拼搏现实的明天。 2022-05-27 12:44 305阅读 0赞

前期准备：为便于测试域名访问，此处在虚拟机搭建DNS服务器。

DNS主从服务器搭建参考：

《DNS主从服务器配置实战解析及案例：[https://blog.csdn.net/Field\_Yang/article/details/78596944][https_blog.csdn.net_Field_Yang_article_details_78596944]》

**关闭防火墙**

\[root@testnginx\]\# service iptables stop

**启动DNS服务器**

\[root@testnginx\]\# service named start

**在宿主机配置虚拟机dns服务器为DNS服务器地址**

192.168.88.2为虚拟机网关

![20180419003216471][]

**安装Nginx**

\[root@test ~\]\#rpm -ivh nginx-1.8.1-1.el6.ngx.x86\_64.rpm

\[root@test ~\]\#rpm -ql nginx

/etc/logrotate.d/nginx

/etc/nginx

/etc/nginx/conf.d

/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

/etc/nginx/conf.d/example\_ssl.conf

/etc/nginx/fastcgi\_params

/etc/nginx/koi-utf

/etc/nginx/koi-win

/etc/nginx/mime.types

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

/etc/nginx/scgi\_params

/etc/nginx/uwsgi\_params

/etc/nginx/win-utf

/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx

/etc/sysconfig/nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx

/usr/share/nginx

/usr/share/nginx/html

/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html

/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

/var/cache/nginx

/var/log/nginx

\[root@test ~\]\# cd/etc/nginx

\[root@testnginx\]\# ls

conf.d  fastcgi\_params  koi-utf koi-win  mime.types  nginx.conf scgi\_params  uwsgi\_params  win-utf

\[root@testnginx\]\# cd conf.d/

\[root@testconf.d\]\# ls

bak.default.conf.20180418  default.conf example\_ssl.conf

\[root@testconf.d\]\# cd ..

编辑配置文件nginx.conf。

\[root@testnginx\]\# vi nginx.conf

user  nginx;

worker\_processes  1;

error\_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events \{

worker\_connections  1024;

http \{

include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;

default\_type  application/octet-stream;

log\_format main  '$remote\_addr - $remote\_user\[$time\_local\] "$request" '

'$status $body\_bytes\_sent"$http\_referer" '

'"$http\_user\_agent" "$http\_x\_forwarded\_for"';

access\_log /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;

\#tcp\_nopush     on;

keepalive\_timeout  65;

\#gzip on;

**   include /etc/nginx/conf.d/\*.conf;**

**案例1、根目录反向代理到本机的80端口**

编辑配置文件default.conf，添加location /

\[root@testconf.d\]\# vi  default.conf

server \{

listen       8080;

server\_name  127.0.0.1;

\#charset koi8-r;

\#access\_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location / \{

proxy\_passhttp://127.0.0.1:80;

indexindex.php index.html index.htm;

\#error\_page 404              /404.html;

\# redirect server error pages to the staticpage /50x.html

error\_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html \{

root  /usr/share/nginx/html;

\# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listeningon 127.0.0.1:80

\#location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#   proxy\_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

\#\}

\# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI serverlistening on 127.0.0.1:9000

\#location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#   root           html;

\#   fastcgi\_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

\#   fastcgi\_index  index.php;

\#   fastcgi\_param SCRIPT\_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi\_script\_name;

\#   include        fastcgi\_params;

\#\}

\# deny access to .htaccess files, ifApache's document root

\# concurs with nginx's one

\#location ~ /\\.ht \{

\#   deny  all;

\#\}

\[root@testconf.d\]\#  cd /var/www/html/

\[root@testhtml\]\# ll

总用量 12

drwxr-xr-x. 2root root 4096 11月 19 17:03 bbs

drwxr-xr-x. 2root root 4096 11月 19 17:27 images

\-rw-r--r--  1 root root 111 4月  18 20:40 index.html

**编辑测试页面index.html**

![20180419003322120][]

\[root@test bbs\]\#cd ../images

\[root@testimages\]\# ls

1.png  2.png 3.png  4.png  5.png

\[root@testimages\]\#

**启动80端口的httpd 和8080端口的Nginx**

\[root@www html\]\#service httpd start

正在启动 httpd：\[确定\]

\[root@testconf.d\]\# service nginx start

正在启动 nginx：\[确定\]

**使用curl解析测试访问：**

\[root@wwwconf.d\]\# curl http://192.168.88.130/bbs/

<h1>bbs ontest.field.com</h1>

\[root@wwwconf.d\]\# curl http://192.168.88.130:8080/bbs/

<h1>bbs ontest.field.com</h1>

\[root@wwwconf.d\]\# curl http://192.168.88.130:80

<h1> 测试Nginx反向代理到本机80端口 </h1>

<p>body:httpdon test.field.com</p>

\[root@wwwconf.d\]\# curl http://192.168.88.130:8080

<h1> 测试Nginx反向代理到本机80端口 </h1>

<p>body:httpdon test.field.com</p>

**访问80端口的httpd**

![20180419003402437][]

**访问8080端口的nginx ，测试是否能反向代理到本机80端口**

**![20180419003426950][]**

**访问8080端口的根目录下的bbs/，测试是否能反向代理到本机80端口的bbs/**

![20180419003502427][]

**案例2、Nginx下的/field/反向代理到http的/field/**

**测试新建location/field/**

\[root@testconf.d\]\# vi default.conf

server \{

listen      8080;

server\_name 127.0.0.1;

\#charset koi8-r;

\#access\_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location / \{

proxy\_pass http://127.0.0.1:80;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

location /field/ \{

proxy\_pass http://192.168.88.130/field/;

error\_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html \{

root  /usr/share/nginx/html;

**![20180419003536931][]**

**使用curl解析页面**

\[root@www html\]\#curl http://test.field.com:80/field/

<h1> 测试访问/field目录 </h1>

<p> 新建 location /field/ </p>

<p> fielddir on test.field.com </p>

**访问8080端口下的/field/，测试是否能放心代理到本机80端口的/field/**

** http://test.field.com:8080/field/**

![20180419003552862][]

**案例3、反向代理之动静分离**

\[root@test conf.d\]\# vi default.conf

server \{

listen      8080;

server\_name 127.0.0.1;

\#charset koi8-r;

\#access\_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location / \{

proxy\_pass http://127.0.0.1:80;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

location /field/ \{

proxy\_pass http://192.168.88.130/field/;

location ~\* \\.(avi|gif|mp3|jsp|do)$ \{

\#proxy\_pass http://web1.field.com:80;

proxy\_pass http://192.168.88.131:80;

error\_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html \{

root  /usr/share/nginx/html;

**访问192.168.88.131下的gif 、MP3、avi 文件**

![20180419003702395][]

![20180419003714486][]

![20180419003728967][]

**访问192.168.88.130:8080下的gif 、MP3、avi 文件，测试是否能反向代理至131服务器**

![20180419003756679][]  
![20180419003805793][]

![20180419003818134][]

**案例4、使用域名做反向代理**

\[root@testconf.d\]\# vi default.conf

server \{

listen      8080;

server\_name 127.0.0.1;

\#charset koi8-r;

\#access\_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location / \{

proxy\_pass http://127.0.0.1:80;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

location ~\* \\.(avi|gif|mp3|jsp|do)$ \{

proxy\_pass http://web1.field.com:80;

\#proxy\_pass http://192.168.88.131:80;

\#error\_page 404              /404.html;

\# redirect server error pages to the staticpage /50x.html

error\_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html \{

root  /usr/share/nginx/html;

\# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listeningon 127.0.0.1:80

\#location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#   proxy\_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

\#\}

\# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI serverlistening on 127.0.0.1:9000

\#location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#   root           html;

\#   fastcgi\_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

\#   fastcgi\_index  index.php;

\#   fastcgi\_param SCRIPT\_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi\_script\_name;

\#   include        fastcgi\_params;

\#\}

\# deny access to .htaccess files, ifApache's document root

\# concurs with nginx's one

\#location ~ /\\.ht \{

"default.conf"49L, 1234C written

\[root@test conf.d\]\# service nginx reload

重新载入 nginx：\[确定\]

**编辑测试页面**

![20180419003902493][]

**使用curl解析192.168.88.131:80页面**

\[root@testconf.d\]\# curl http://192.168.88.131:80

<h1> 域名访问测试Nginx反向代理 </h1>

<p>body:httpdon web1.field.com</p>

<p><em>感谢关注nginx!!</em></p>

\[root@testconf.d\]\#

![20180419003914930][]

[https_blog.csdn.net_Field_Yang_article_details_78596944]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_b8918f7b0102xpp6.html
[20180419003216471]: /images/20220527/a0c18100d06649d782be7a8b2550b3f0.png
[20180419003322120]: /images/20220527/8de29db7ce154476bee2b1bc588ddf97.png
[20180419003402437]: /images/20220527/740f921b12674ed1a4b09db4b860ae93.png
[20180419003426950]: /images/20220527/f5949d7f9f014ecd8c9754b0fc17711d.png
[20180419003502427]: /images/20220527/9d4d4b55d0a64e298eba5b10adafebcb.png
[20180419003536931]: /images/20220527/05cbe7cd71374988adc58d9b5b07aec4.png
[20180419003552862]: /images/20220527/3d83f71f21984d8199b7ec99ce299452.png
[20180419003702395]: /images/20220527/5506c37e71dd46c9be254410906ac2ca.png
[20180419003714486]: /images/20220527/ff4cd27b66274c86895473923c43384d.png
[20180419003728967]: /images/20220527/30301d2015444c308d71430393c6628a.png
[20180419003756679]: /images/20220527/cd0d6fab0d454b82aef023659210e35b.png
[20180419003805793]: /images/20220527/d809ffbe98fe4c918edaca1a6e1bf8ad.png
[20180419003818134]: /images/20220527/c6cca7a4e32940f9b1b7d6f8815a2b4e.png
[20180419003902493]: /images/20220527/0cfed9dec5c748fcaa328939f6891d3c.png
[20180419003914930]: /images/20220527/e24629538198463b918686c8258b3a2b.png