基于HttpClient接口开发实例（四）

忘是亡心i 2022-05-25 22:47 188阅读 0赞

## 前言 ##

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本节我们将学习一下关于HttpClient请求在遇到SSL证书认证时如何绕过认证环节。如今在整个Internet中主流的Protocol HTTPS 以它自身的有时几乎替代了HTTP，基于HTTPS自由的特性，它需要证书认证来保证请求URL和数据的安全可靠，因而本节将重点学习一下如何在使用HTTPS请求数据是绕开SSL认证证书。在整个实现的过程中我们将选择性讲解一下代码试下你的逻辑。

*  HttpClientUtils.java
    
        import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
        import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
        
        import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
        import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
        import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
        import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
        import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
        import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
        import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;  
        import java.net.URL;  
        import java.net.URLConnection;  
        import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
        
        /** * 封装新的HttpClient 请求，绕过签证 * @author baixiaodong * */
        public class HttpClientUtils { 
        
            /** * 忽略HTTPS请求的SSL证书，必须在openConnection之前调用 * * @throws Exception */
            private static void trustAllHttpsCertificates() throws Exception {
                TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[1];
                TrustManager tm = new miTM();
                trustAllCerts[0] = tm;
                SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
                sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);
                HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
            }
        
            static class miTM implements TrustManager, X509TrustManager {
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
        
                public boolean isServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs) {
                    return true;
                }
        
                public boolean isClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs) {
                    return true;
                }
        
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) throws CertificateException {
                    return;
                }
        
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) throws CertificateException {
                    return;
                }
            }
        
            /** * 忽略HTTPS请求的SSL证书，必须在openConnection之前调用 * * @throws Exception */
            public static void ignoreSsl() throws Exception {
                HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier() {
                    public boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) {
                        System.out.println("Warning: URL Host: " + urlHostName + " vs. " + session.getPeerHost());
                        return true;
                    }
                };
                trustAllHttpsCertificates();
                HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hv);
            }
        
            /** * 忽略SSL证书的Get请求 * @param url * @param timeOut 默认 3000 * @return * @throws Exception */
            public static String getRequest(String url, int timeOut) throws Exception {
                URL u = new URL(url);
                if ("https".equalsIgnoreCase(u.getProtocol())) {
                    ignoreSsl();
                }
                URLConnection conn = u.openConnection();
                conn.setConnectTimeout(timeOut);
                conn.setReadTimeout(timeOut);
                return IOUtils.toString(conn.getInputStream());
            }
        
            /** * 忽略SSL证书的POST请求 * @param urlAddress * @param args * @param timeOut * @return * @throws Exception */
            public static String postRequest(String urlAddress, String args, int timeOut) throws Exception {
                URL url = new URL(urlAddress);
                if ("https".equalsIgnoreCase(url.getProtocol())) {
                    ignoreSsl();
                }
                URLConnection u = url.openConnection();
                u.setDoInput(true);
                u.setDoOutput(true);
                u.setConnectTimeout(timeOut);
                u.setReadTimeout(timeOut);
                OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(u.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
                osw.write(args);
                osw.flush();
                osw.close();
                u.getOutputStream();
                return IOUtils.toString(u.getInputStream());
            }
        }

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## 小结 ##

使用如上方法便可以绕过证书认证部分，当实际上我是不推荐这样做的，因为这种获取数据的行为属于Cheat行为，理论上是违背互联网安全协议的，其次我们没有通过SSL证书认证授权，无法确保URL和数据的正确性和可用性。