java插入排序可视化

我会带着你远行 2022-05-24 03:34 264阅读 0赞

## 工具类 ##

import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.geom.*;
    
    import java.lang.InterruptedException;
    
    public class AlgoVisHelper { 
    
        private AlgoVisHelper(){}
    
        public static final Color Red = new Color(0xF44336);
        public static final Color Pink = new Color(0xE91E63);
        public static final Color Purple = new Color(0x9C27B0);
        public static final Color DeepPurple = new Color(0x673AB7);
        public static final Color Indigo = new Color(0x3F51B5);
        public static final Color Blue = new Color(0x2196F3);
        public static final Color LightBlue = new Color(0x03A9F4);
        public static final Color Cyan = new Color(0x00BCD4);
        public static final Color Teal = new Color(0x009688);
        public static final Color Green = new Color(0x4CAF50);
        public static final Color LightGreen = new Color(0x8BC34A);
        public static final Color Lime = new Color(0xCDDC39);
        public static final Color Yellow = new Color(0xFFEB3B);
        public static final Color Amber = new Color(0xFFC107);
        public static final Color Orange = new Color(0xFF9800);
        public static final Color DeepOrange = new Color(0xFF5722);
        public static final Color Brown = new Color(0x795548);
        public static final Color Grey = new Color(0x9E9E9E);
        public static final Color BlueGrey = new Color(0x607D8B);
        public static final Color Black = new Color(0x000000);
        public static final Color White = new Color(0xFFFFFF);
    
        public static void strokeCircle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int r){
    
            Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
            g.draw(circle);
        }
    
        public static void fillCircle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int r){
    
            Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
            g.fill(circle);
        }
    
        public static void strokeRectangle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int w, int h){
    
            Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, w, h);
            g.draw(rectangle);
        }
    
        public static void fillRectangle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int w, int h){
    
            Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, w, h);
            g.fill(rectangle);
        }
    
        public static void setColor(Graphics2D g, Color color){
            g.setColor(color);
        }
    
        public static void setStrokeWidth(Graphics2D g, int w){
            int strokeWidth = w;
            g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
        }
    
        public static void pause(int t) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(t);
            }
            catch (InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println("Error sleeping");
            }
        }
    
        public static void putImage(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, String imageURL){
    
            ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(imageURL);
            Image image = icon.getImage();
    
            g.drawImage(image, x, y, null);
        }
    
        public static void drawText(Graphics2D g, String text, int centerx, int centery){
    
            if(text == null)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Text is null in drawText function!");
    
            FontMetrics metrics = g.getFontMetrics();
            int w = metrics.stringWidth(text);
            int h = metrics.getDescent();
            g.drawString(text, centerx - w/2, centery + h);
        }
    }

## 数据层 ##

import java.util.Arrays;
    
    
    public class InsertionSortData {
    
        public enum Type{
            //正常数据
            Default, 
            //近乎有序的数据
            NearlyOrdered
        }
    
        private int[] numbers;
        public int orderedIndex;           // [0...orderedIndex) 是有序的
        public int currentIndex;
    
        public InsertionSortData(int N, int randomBound, Type dataType){
    
            numbers = new int[N];
    
            for( int i = 0 ; i < N ; i ++)
                numbers[i] = (int)(Math.random()*randomBound) + 1;
            //判断是否使用近乎有序的数据
            if(dataType == Type.NearlyOrdered){
                //进行排序
                Arrays.sort(numbers);
                //使百分之2的数据混乱
                int swapTime = (int)(0.02*N);
                for(int i = 0 ; i < swapTime; i ++){
                    int a = (int)(Math.random()*N);
                    int b = (int)(Math.random()*N);
                    swap(a, b);
                }
            }
        }
    
        public InsertionSortData(int N, int randomBound){
            this(N, randomBound, Type.Default);
        }
    
        public int N(){
            return numbers.length;
        }
    
        public int get(int index){
            if( index < 0 || index >= numbers.length)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid index to access Sort Data.");
    
            return numbers[index];
        }
        //交换数据
        public void swap(int i, int j) {
            if( i < 0 || i >= numbers.length || j < 0 || j >= numbers.length)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid index to access Sort Data.");
    
            int t = numbers[i];
            numbers[i] = numbers[j];
            numbers[j] = t;
        }
    }

## 视图层 ##

import java.awt.Dimension;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.Graphics2D;
    import java.awt.RenderingHints;
    
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame{ 
    
        private int canvasWidth;
        private int canvasHeight;
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight){
    
            super(title);
    
            this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
            this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
    
            AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
            setContentPane(canvas);
            pack();
    
            setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            setResizable(false);
    
            setVisible(true);
        }
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title){
    
            this(title, 1024, 768);
        }
    
        public int getCanvasWidth(){
       return canvasWidth;}
        public int getCanvasHeight(){
       return canvasHeight;}
    
        // data
        private InsertionSortData data;
        public void render(InsertionSortData data){
            this.data = data;
            repaint();
        }
    
        private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel{ 
    
            public AlgoCanvas(){
                // 双缓存
                super(true);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
                super.paintComponent(g);
    
                Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
    
                // 抗锯齿
                RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
                        RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                        RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
                hints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
                g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);
    
                // 具体绘制
                int w = canvasWidth/data.N();
                for(int i = 0 ; i < data.N() ; i ++ ) {
                    //判断当前索引是否以排序
                    if (i < data.orderedIndex)
                        AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.Red);
                    else
                        AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.Grey);
                    //判断是否当前索引数据
                    if( i == data.currentIndex )
                        AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.LightBlue);
                    //绘制
                    AlgoVisHelper.fillRectangle(g2d, i * w, canvasHeight - data.get(i), w - 1, data.get(i));
                }
            }
    
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize(){
                return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            }
        }
    }

# 效果图 #

## 正常数据与几乎有序数据插入排序效率对比 ##

![这里写图片描述][70]  
**在近乎有序的数据插入排序可“进化”为O(n)的算法**

[70]: /images/20220524/aedefa2487404e3e944dd94da2737b7b.png