共用y轴的双图形绘制

一时失言乱红尘 2022-05-23 13:48 238阅读 0赞

我数据分析的时候主要是stacked bar、bar和line形式的放在一张图上。[stacked bar若用matplotlib实现的话会比较复杂（多组）][stacked bar_matplotlib]

先上图吧

![技术分享][20180110173619870220.png]

def plot_stacked_bar(left_data, right_data):
        width = .3
        axe = plt.subplot(111)
        axe = left_data.plot(kind=‘bar‘, stacked=True, ax=axe, width=width, use_index=True, legend=False)
        axe.set_xticklabels(left_data.index, rotation=0)
    
        #add patches to the stacked bar
        patterns = (‘-‘, ‘+‘, ‘x‘, ‘\\‘, ‘*‘, ‘o‘, ‘O‘, ‘.‘, ‘/‘)
        bars = axe.patches
        hatches = ‘‘.join(h*len(left_data) for h in patterns)
        for bar, hatch in zip(bars, hatches):
            bar.set_hatch(hatch)
        
        #plottint the line sharing the same x-axis on the secondary y-axis
        axf = axe.twinx()
        axf.plot(axe.get_xticks(), right_data, linestyle=‘-‘, marker=‘o‘, linewidth=2.0)
        axf.set_ylim((0, 90))

另一种形式的图形：

![技术分享][20180110173619874126.png]

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
    import pandas as pd
    from pandas import Series
    import numpy as np
    n = 50
    x = pd.period_range(‘2001-01-01‘, periods=n, freq=‘M‘)
    y1 = (Series(np.random.randn(n)) + 5).tolist()
    y2 = (Series(np.random.randn(n))).tolist()
    df = pd.DataFrame({
       ‘bar‘:y2, ‘line‘:y1}, index=x)
    
    # let‘s plot
    plt.figure(figsize=(20, 4))
    ax1 = df[‘bar‘].plot(kind=‘bar‘, label=‘bar‘)
    ax2 = ax1.twiny()
    df[‘line‘].plot(kind=‘line‘, label=‘line‘, ax=ax2)
    ax2.grid(color="red", axis="x")
    
    def align_xaxis(ax2, ax1, x1, x2):
        "maps xlim of ax2 to x1 and x2 in ax1"
        (x1, _), (x2, _) = ax2.transData.inverted().transform(ax1.transData.transform([[x1, 0], [x2, 0]]))
        xs, xe = ax2.get_xlim()
        k, b = np.polyfit([x1, x2], [xs, xe], 1)
        ax2.set_xlim(xs*k+b, xe*k+b)
    
    align_xaxis(ax2, ax1, 0, n-1)

\#参考\#

*  [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19952290/how-to-align-the-bar-and-line-in-matplotlib-two-y-axes-chart?newreg=4f241248a9f44c34a467216c0a6cf099][http_stackoverflow.com_questions_19952290_how-to-align-the-bar-and-line-in-matplotlib-two-y-axes-chart_newreg_4f241248a9f44c34a467216c0a6cf099]
 *  [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22833404/how-do-i-plot-hatched-bars-using-pandas][http_stackoverflow.com_questions_22833404_how-do-i-plot-hatched-bars-using-pandas]
 *  [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24227650/multiple-plots-on-same-figure-with-dataframe-plot/24237358\#24237358][http_stackoverflow.com_questions_24227650_multiple-plots-on-same-figure-with-dataframe-plot_24237358_24237358]
 *  [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22623324/plot-bar-graph-and-timeseries-plot-on-different-axis-using-pandas][http_stackoverflow.com_questions_22623324_plot-bar-graph-and-timeseries-plot-on-different-axis-using-pandas]
 *  [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19060144/more-efficient-matplotlib-stacked-bar-chart-how-to-calculate-bottom-values][stacked bar_matplotlib]

[stacked bar_matplotlib]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19060144/more-efficient-matplotlib-stacked-bar-chart-how-to-calculate-bottom-values
[20180110173619870220.png]: /images/20220523/00d7004f88ad4eafb05dca957df34402.png
[20180110173619874126.png]: /images/20220523/e294062ec6db4ae5a64c7d8f79b759b8.png
[http_stackoverflow.com_questions_19952290_how-to-align-the-bar-and-line-in-matplotlib-two-y-axes-chart_newreg_4f241248a9f44c34a467216c0a6cf099]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19952290/how-to-align-the-bar-and-line-in-matplotlib-two-y-axes-chart?newreg=4f241248a9f44c34a467216c0a6cf099
[http_stackoverflow.com_questions_22833404_how-do-i-plot-hatched-bars-using-pandas]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22833404/how-do-i-plot-hatched-bars-using-pandas
[http_stackoverflow.com_questions_24227650_multiple-plots-on-same-figure-with-dataframe-plot_24237358_24237358]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24227650/multiple-plots-on-same-figure-with-dataframe-plot/24237358#24237358
[http_stackoverflow.com_questions_22623324_plot-bar-graph-and-timeseries-plot-on-different-axis-using-pandas]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22623324/plot-bar-graph-and-timeseries-plot-on-different-axis-using-pandas