SpringBoot使用RestTemplate发送Post请求

柔情只为你懂 2022-05-21 10:27 394阅读 0赞

Spring中有个RestTemplate类用来发送HTTP请求很方便，本文分享一个SpringBoot发送POST请求并接收返回数据的例子。

背景：用户信息放在8081端口的应用上，8082端口应用通过调用api，传递参数，从8081端口应用的数据库中获取用户的信息。

1.待访问的API

我要访问的api是 localhost:8081/authority/authorize，这个api需要传递三个参数，分别是domain(域名)，account（用户账号），key（用户秘钥）。先用postman测试一下，返回结果如下：

![70][]![70 1][]

分别展示了验证成功和验证失败的例子。

2.返回对象

ResultVO类是我构造的类，将会格式化api返回的数据，实现如下：

ResultVO.java

package com.seven.site.VO; /** * @author: Seven.wk * @description: 数据返回类 * @create: 2018/07/04 */ public class ResultVO<T> { private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public ResultVO() { } public ResultVO(Integer code, String message) { this.code = code; this.message = message; } public ResultVO(Integer code, String message, T data) { this.code = code; this.message = message; this.data = data; } public Integer getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(Integer code) { this.code = code; } public String getMessage() { return message; } public void setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; } public T getData() { return data; } public void setData(T data) { this.data = data; } }

3.将发送Post请求的部分封装如下：

Utils.java

package com.seven.site.utils; import com.seven.site.VO.ResultVO; import org.springframework.http.*; import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * @author: Seven.wk * @description: 辅助工具类 * @create: 2018/07/04 */ public class Utils { /** * 向目的URL发送post请求 * @param url 目的url * @param params 发送的参数 * @return ResultVO */ public static ResultVO sendPostRequest(String url, MultiValueMap<String, String> params){ RestTemplate client = new RestTemplate(); HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); HttpMethod method = HttpMethod.POST; // 以表单的方式提交 headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED); //将请求头部和参数合成一个请求 HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<>(params, headers); //执行HTTP请求，将返回的结构使用ResultVO类格式化 ResponseEntity<ResultVO> response = client.exchange(url, method, requestEntity, ResultVO.class); return response.getBody(); } }

4.UserInfo对象

UserInfo.java

package com.seven.site.entity; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import java.util.Date; /** * @author: Seven.wk * @description: 用户信息实体 * @create: 2018/07/04 */ @Entity public class UserInfo { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Integer userId; //用户标识id private String userName; //用户姓名 private String userAccount; //用户账号 private String userPassword; //用户密码 private Date createTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); //创建时间 public UserInfo() { } public UserInfo(Object userAccount, Object userName) { } public UserInfo(String userAccount, String userName) { this.userName = userName; this.userAccount = userAccount; } public UserInfo(String userAccount, String userName, String userPassword) { this.userName = userName; this.userAccount = userAccount; this.userPassword = userPassword; } public Integer getUserId() { return userId; } public void setUserId(Integer userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getUserAccount() { return userAccount; } public void setUserAccount(String userAccount) { this.userAccount = userAccount; } public String getUserPassword() { return userPassword; } public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) { this.userPassword = userPassword; } public Date getCreateTime() { return createTime; } public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) { this.createTime = createTime; } @Override public String toString() { return "UserInfo{" + "userId=" + userId + ", userName='" + userName + '\'' + ", userAccount='" + userAccount + '\'' + ", userPassword='" + userPassword + '\'' + ", createTime=" + createTime + '}'; } }

5.在Service层封装将要发送的参数，并调用该方法，将返回的结果格式化成UserInfo对象，其中的异常处理部分就不详述了。

注:其中的URL地址一定要加上协议前缀（http，https等）

UserInfoServiceImpl.java

public UserInfo getUserInfoFromAuthority(String domain, String account, String key) { String authorizeUrl = "http://localhost:8081/authority/authorize"; MultiValueMap<String, String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(); params.add("domain", domain); params.add("account", account); params.add("key", key); //发送Post数据并返回数据 ResultVO resultVo = Utils.sendPostRequest(authorizeUrl, params); if(resultVo.getCode() != 20){ //进行异常处理 switch (resultVo.getCode()){ case 17: throw new SiteException(ResultEnum.AUTHORIZE_DOMAIN_NOT_EXIST); case 18: throw new SiteException(ResultEnum.AUTHORIZE_USER_NOT_EXIST); case 19: throw new SiteException(ResultEnum.AUTHORIZE_USER_INFO_INCORRECT); default: throw new SiteException(ResultEnum.SYSTEM_ERROR); } } LinkedHashMap infoMap = (LinkedHashMap) resultVo.getData(); return new UserInfo((String) infoMap.get("userAccount"), (String) infoMap.get("userName"), key); }

6.在控制器中调用service中的方法，并返回数据

IndexController.java

/** * 获取用户信息 * @param domain 域名 * @param account 用户输入的账号 * @param password 用户输入的密码 * @return ResultVO */ @PostMapping("/getInfo") @ResponseBody public ResultVO getInfo(@RequestParam("domain") String domain, @RequestParam("account") String account, @RequestParam("password") String password) { UserInfo userInfo; try{ userInfo = userInfoService.getUserInfoFromAuthority(domain, account, password); }catch(SiteException e){ return new ResultVO(e.getCode(), e.getMessage()); } return new ResultVO<>(20, "登录成功", userInfo); }

7.测试效果

我们访问该控制器的地址：localhost:8082/site/getInfo，返回结果如下：

![70 2][]

![70 3][]

正确返回结果，测试成功。

之后我们就可以返回的UserInfo对象做其他的业务了。

[70]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180705141649596?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3phaV94aWE=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 1]: /images/20220521/f540ccb636074229bd4c4582b3d46665.png
[70 2]: /images/20220521/92cfaf4b27cb4bd682d304e9b610ee46.png
[70 3]: /images/20220521/6c166dbea0b443a08f3759bcd22d6f3f.png