马哥linux第五周作业

骑猪看日落 2022-05-20 09:15 307阅读 0赞

**发布一个k8s部署视频：https://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/26967**

**课程内容：各种k8s部署方式。包括minikube部署，kubeadm部署，kubeasz部署，rancher部署，k3s部署。包括开发测试环境部署k8s，和生产环境部署k8s。**

**腾讯课堂连接地址https://ke.qq.com/course/478827?taid=4373109931462251&tuin=ba64518**

**第二个视频发布  https://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/27109**

**腾讯课堂连接地址https://ke.qq.com/course/484107?tuin=ba64518**

**介绍主要的k8s资源的使用配置和命令。包括configmap，pod，service，replicaset，namespace，deployment，daemonset，ingress，pv，pvc，sc，role，rolebinding，clusterrole，clusterrolebinding，secret，serviceaccount，statefulset，job，cronjob，podDisruptionbudget，podSecurityPolicy,networkPolicy,resourceQuota，limitrange，endpoint，event，conponentstatus，node，apiservice，controllerRevision等。**

**第三个视频发布：https://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/27574**

**详细介绍helm命令，学习helm chart语法，编写helm chart。深入分析各项目源码，学习编写helm插件  
————————————————**

1、简述rpm与yum命令的常见选项，并举例

rpm

-i 安装

-U 更新

-e 删除

-q 查询

-F更新

\-v显示详情

\-h显示进度条

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -qa|grep java  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5.x86\_64  
javapackages-tools-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
tzdata-java-2018e-3.el7.noarch  
python-javapackages-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5.x86\_64

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm   
warning: rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 056e8e56: NOKEY  
Preparing...                          \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]  
        package rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch is already installed

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -Uvh rabbitmq-server-3.7.7-1.el7.noarch.rpm  
warning: rabbitmq-server-3.7.7-1.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 6026dfca: NOKEY  
error: Failed dependencies:  
        erlang >= 19.3 is needed by rabbitmq-server-3.7.7-1.el7.noarch

rpm -e --test --nodeps java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -ql java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64/jaas-1.8.0.171.jar

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -qc java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64/jre/lib/logging.properties  
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64/jre/lib/security/blacklisted.certs  
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64/jre/lib/security/java.policy  
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64/jre/lib/security/java.security

rpm -q --changelog java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -qi java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
Name        : java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless  
Epoch       : 1  
Version     : 1.8.0.171  
Release     : 8.b10.el7\_5  
Architecture: x86\_64  
Install Date: Sun 01 Jul 2018 06:58:20 PM CST  
Group       : Development/Languages  
Size        : 108454287  
License     : ASL 1.1 and ASL 2.0 and BSD and BSD with advertising and GPL+ and GPLv2 and GPLv2 with exceptions and IJG and LGPLv2+ and MIT and MPLv2.0 and Public Domain and W3C and zlib  
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Tue 22 May 2018 10:19:39 PM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5  
Source RPM  : java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.src.rpm  
Build Date  : Tue 22 May 2018 10:19:52 AM CST  
Build Host  : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org  
Relocations : (not relocatable)  
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>  
Vendor      : CentOS  
URL         : http://openjdk.java.net/  
Summary     : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  
Description :  
The OpenJDK runtime environment without audio and video support.

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -q --scripts java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
pretrans scriptlet (using <lua>):  
\-- see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show\_bug.cgi?id=1038092 for whole issue  
\-- see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show\_bug.cgi?id=1290388 for pretrans over pre  
\-- if copy-jdk-configs is in transaction, it installs in pretrans to temp  
\-- if copy\_jdk\_configs is in temp, then it means that copy-jdk-configs is in tranasction  and so is  
\-- preferred over one in %\{\_libexecdir\}. If it is not in transaction, then depends   
\-- whether copy-jdk-configs is installed or not. If so, then configs are copied  
\-- (copy\_jdk\_configs from %\{\_libexecdir\} used) or not copied at all  
local posix = require "posix"  
local debug = false

SOURCE1 = "/var/lib/rpm-state//copy\_jdk\_configs.lua"  
SOURCE2 = "/usr/libexec/copy\_jdk\_configs.lua"

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -q --provides rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch  
config(rabbitmq-server) = 3.2.3-1  
rabbitmq-server = 3.2.3-1

rpm -Uvh --oldpackage rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm

\[root@node1 ~\]\# rpm -qf /var/log/rabbitmq  
rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch

yum命令：

\*       install package1 \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* update \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* update-to \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* update-minimal \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* check-update  
        \* upgrade \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* upgrade-to \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* distribution-synchronization \[package1\] \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* remove | erase package1 \[package2\] \[...\]  
        \* autoremove \[package1\] \[...\]  
        \* list \[...\]  
        \* info \[...\]  
        \* provides | whatprovides feature1 \[feature2\] \[...\]  
        \* clean \[ packages | metadata | expire-cache | rpmdb | plugins | all \]  
        \* makecache \[fast\]  
        \* groups \[...\]  
        \* search string1 \[string2\] \[...\]  
        \* shell \[filename\]  
        \* resolvedep dep1 \[dep2\] \[...\]  
           (maintained for legacy reasons only - use repoquery or yum provides)  
        \* localinstall rpmfile1 \[rpmfile2\] \[...\]

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum install java  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
epel                                                                                              12616/12616  
Package 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64 already installed and latest version  
Nothing to do

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum remove java  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Resolving Dependencies  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: java >= 1.5 for package: jline-1.0-8.el7.noarch  
\---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: java-1.8.0-openjdk for package: icedtea-web-1.7.1-1.el7.x86\_64  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package icedtea-web.x86\_64 0:1.7.1-1.el7 will be erased  
\---> Package jline.noarch 0:1.0-8.el7 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: jline for package: rhino-1.7R5-1.el7.noarch  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package rhino.noarch 0:1.7R5-1.el7 will be erased  
\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================  
 Package                      Arch             Version                               Repository          Size  
==============================================================================================================  
Removing:  
 java-1.7.0-openjdk           x86\_64           1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5            @updates           554 k  
 java-1.8.0-openjdk           x86\_64           1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5               @updates           501 k  
Removing for dependencies:  
 icedtea-web                  x86\_64           1.7.1-1.el7                           @base              2.3 M  
 jline                        noarch           1.0-8.el7                             @base               72 k  
 rhino                        noarch           1.7R5-1.el7                           @base              1.1 M

Transaction Summary  
==============================================================================================================  
Remove  2 Packages (+3 Dependent packages)

Installed size: 4.5 M  
Is this ok \[y/N\]: n

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum list|grep xz-java.noarch  
xz-java.noarch                            1.3-3.el7                    base

yum check-update

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum update xfsdump.x86\_64  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
Resolving Dependencies  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package xfsdump.x86\_64 0:3.1.4-1.el7 will be updated  
\---> Package xfsdump.x86\_64 0:3.1.7-1.el7 will be an update  
\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Transaction Summary  
==============================================================================================================  
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 308 k  
Is this ok \[y/d/N\]: n  
Exiting on user command  
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:  
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum\_save\_tx.2018-07-22.15-15.PRO7RH.yumtx

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum upgrade xfsdump.x86\_64  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
Resolving Dependencies  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package xfsdump.x86\_64 0:3.1.4-1.el7 will be updated  
\---> Package xfsdump.x86\_64 0:3.1.7-1.el7 will be an update  
\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Transaction Summary  
==============================================================================================================  
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 308 k  
Is this ok \[y/d/N\]: n  
Exiting on user command  
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:  
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum\_save\_tx.2018-07-22.15-16.0h9mQr.yumtx

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum erase java  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Resolving Dependencies  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: java >= 1.5 for package: jline-1.0-8.el7.noarch  
\---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: java-1.8.0-openjdk for package: icedtea-web-1.7.1-1.el7.x86\_64  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package icedtea-web.x86\_64 0:1.7.1-1.el7 will be erased  
\---> Package jline.noarch 0:1.0-8.el7 will be erased  
\--> Processing Dependency: jline for package: rhino-1.7R5-1.el7.noarch  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package rhino.noarch 0:1.7R5-1.el7 will be erased  
\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Transaction Summary  
==============================================================================================================  
Remove  2 Packages (+3 Dependent packages)

Installed size: 4.5 M  
Is this ok \[y/N\]: n  
Exiting on user command  
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:  
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum\_save\_tx.2018-07-22.15-17.5YAvP0.yumtx

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum makecache  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
base                                                                                   | 3.6 kB  00:00:00       
epel/x86\_64/metalink                                                                   | 5.7 kB  00:00:00       
epel                                                                                   | 3.2 kB  00:00:00       
extras                                                                                 | 3.4 kB  00:00:00       
updates                                                                                | 3.4 kB  00:00:00       
(1/10): base/7/x86\_64/other\_db                                                         | 2.5 MB  00:00:01       
(2/10): epel/x86\_64/filelists                                                          |  10 MB  00:00:05       
(3/10): epel/x86\_64/prestodelta                                                        | 1.9 kB  00:00:00       
(4/10): epel/x86\_64/other                                                              | 2.2 MB  00:00:00       
(5/10): extras/7/x86\_64/prestodelta                                                    |  68 kB  00:00:01       
(6/10): updates/7/x86\_64/filelists\_db                                                  | 2.3 MB  00:00:01       
(7/10): extras/7/x86\_64/filelists\_db                                                   | 588 kB  00:00:01       
(8/10): updates/7/x86\_64/other\_db                                                      | 364 kB  00:00:00       
(9/10): updates/7/x86\_64/prestodelta                                                   | 383 kB  00:00:09       
(10/10): extras/7/x86\_64/other\_db                                                      | 110 kB  00:00:15       
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
epel                                                                                              12616/12616  
epel                                                                                              12616/12616  
Metadata Cache Created

yum list|grep java

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum info xz-java-javadoc.noarch  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
Available Packages  
Name        : xz-java-javadoc  
Arch        : noarch  
Version     : 1.3  
Release     : 3.el7  
Size        : 61 k  
Repo        : base/7/x86\_64  
Summary     : Javadocs for xz-java  
URL         : http://tukaani.org/xz/java.html  
License     : Public Domain  
Description : This package contains the API documentation for xz-java.

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum grouplist  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
Installed Environment Groups:  
   GNOME Desktop  
Available Environment Groups:  
   Minimal Install  
   Compute Node  
   Infrastructure Server  
   File and Print Server  
   Cinnamon Desktop  
   MATE Desktop  
   Basic Web Server  
   Virtualization Host  
   Server with GUI  
   KDE Plasma Workspaces  
   Development and Creative Workstation  
Available Groups:  
   Cinnamon  
   Compatibility Libraries  
   Console Internet Tools  
   Development Tools  
   Educational Software  
   Electronic Lab  
   Fedora Packager  
   General Purpose Desktop  
   Graphical Administration Tools  
   Haskell  
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility  
   MATE  
   Milkymist  
   Scientific Support  
   Security Tools  
   Smart Card Support  
   System Administration Tools  
   System Management  
   TurboGears application framework  
   Xfce  
Done

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum groupinfo "TurboGears application framework"  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn

Group: TurboGears application framework  
 Group-Id: turbogears  
 Description: TurboGears web application framework.  
 Optional Packages:  
   TurboGears  
   python-cherrypy

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum whatprovides ls  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
coreutils-8.22-21.el7.x86\_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts  
Repo        : base  
Matched from:  
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86\_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts  
Repo        : @anaconda  
Matched from:  
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum provides ls  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn  
 \* epel: mirror.premi.st  
 \* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
 \* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn  
coreutils-8.22-21.el7.x86\_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts  
Repo        : base  
Matched from:  
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86\_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts  
Repo        : @anaconda  
Matched from:  
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum clean all   
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates  
Cleaning up everything  
Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos  
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum groups  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
Installed Environment Groups: 1  
Available Environment Groups: 11  
Available Groups: 20  
Done

yum search java

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum localinstall rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm   
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Examining rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm: rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch  
rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm: does not update installed package.  
Nothing to do

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum localupdate rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm   
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Examining rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm: rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch  
rabbitmq-server-3.2.3-1.noarch.rpm: does not update installed package.  
Nothing to do

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum  reinstall java  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
Resolving Dependencies  
\--> Running transaction check  
\---> Package java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5 will be reinstalled  
\---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5 will be reinstalled  
\--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Transaction Summary  
==============================================================================================================  
Reinstall  2 Packages

Total download size: 486 k  
Installed size: 1.0 M  
Is this ok \[y/d/N\]: n  
Exiting on user command  
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:  
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum\_save\_tx.2018-07-22.15-38.9ax8KD.yumtx

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum downgrade java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
Nothing to do

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum deplist java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5.x86\_64  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
package: java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
  dependency: /bin/sh  
   provider: bash.x86\_64 4.2.46-30.el7  
  dependency: fontconfig(x86-64)  
   provider: fontconfig.x86\_64 2.10.95-11.el7  
  dependency: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless(x86-64) = 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
  dependency: libX11.so.6()(64bit)  
   provider: libX11.x86\_64 1.6.5-1.el7  
  dependency: libXcomposite.so.1()(64bit)  
   provider: libXcomposite.x86\_64 0.4.4-4.1.el7  
  dependency: libXext.so.6()(64bit)  
   provider: libXext.x86\_64 1.3.3-3.el7  
  dependency: libXi.so.6()(64bit)  
   provider: libXi.x86\_64 1.7.9-1.el7  
  dependency: libXrender.so.1()(64bit)  
   provider: libXrender.x86\_64 0.9.10-1.el7  
  dependency: libXtst.so.6()(64bit)  
   provider: libXtst.x86\_64 1.2.3-1.el7  
  dependency: libasound.so.2()(64bit)  
   provider: alsa-lib.x86\_64 1.1.4.1-2.el7  
  dependency: libasound.so.2(ALSA\_0.9)(64bit)  
   provider: alsa-lib.x86\_64 1.1.4.1-2.el7  
  dependency: libasound.so.2(ALSA\_0.9.0rc4)(64bit)  
   provider: alsa-lib.x86\_64 1.1.4.1-2.el7  
  dependency: libawt.so()(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC\_2.14)(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libdl.so.2()(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libdl.so.2(GLIBC\_2.2.5)(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libgif.so.4()(64bit)  
   provider: giflib.x86\_64 4.1.6-9.el7  
  dependency: libjava.so()(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libjava.so(SUNWprivate\_1.1)(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libjli.so()(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libjli.so(SUNWprivate\_1.1)(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libjpeg.so.62()(64bit)  
   provider: libjpeg-turbo.x86\_64 1.2.90-5.el7  
  dependency: libjpeg.so.62(LIBJPEG\_6.2)(64bit)  
   provider: libjpeg-turbo.x86\_64 1.2.90-5.el7  
  dependency: libjvm.so()(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libjvm.so(SUNWprivate\_1.1)(64bit)  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.8.0.171-8.b10.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 1:1.7.0.181-2.6.14.8.el7\_5  
   provider: java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 1:1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7\_3  
  dependency: libm.so.6()(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libm.so.6(GLIBC\_2.2.5)(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit)  
   provider: libpng.x86\_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7\_2  
  dependency: libpng15.so.15(PNG15\_0)(64bit)  
   provider: libpng.x86\_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7\_2  
  dependency: libpthread.so.0()(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libpthread.so.0(GLIBC\_2.2.5)(64bit)  
   provider: glibc.x86\_64 2.17-222.el7  
  dependency: libz.so.1()(64bit)  
   provider: zlib.x86\_64 1.2.7-17.el7  
  dependency: xorg-x11-fonts-Type1  
   provider: xorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch 7.5-9.el7

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum repolist  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
repo id                              repo name                                                          status  
base/7/x86\_64                        CentOS-7 - Base                                                     9,911  
\*epel/x86\_64                         Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86\_64                     12,616  
extras/7/x86\_64                      CentOS-7 - Extras                                                     363  
updates/7/x86\_64                     CentOS-7 - Updates                                                    970  
repolist: 23,860

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum repoinfo  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks  
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  
 \* base: mirrors.aliyun.com  
 \* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn  
 \* extras: mirrors.163.com  
 \* updates: mirrors.cn99.com  
Repo-id      : base/7/x86\_64  
Repo-name    : CentOS-7 - Base  
Repo-revision: 1525378614  
Repo-updated : Fri May  4 04:17:37 2018  
Repo-pkgs    : 9,911  
Repo-size    : 8.2 G  
Repo-mirrors : http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86\_64&repo=os&infra=stock  
Repo-baseurl : http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.5.1804/os/x86\_64/ (9 more)  
Repo-expire  : 21,600 second(s) (last: Sun Jul 22 15:31:30 2018)  
  Filter     : read-only:present  
Repo-filename: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

Repo-id      : epel/x86\_64  
Repo-name    : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86\_64  
Repo-revision: 1532113246  
Repo-updated : Sat Jul 21 03:02:11 2018  
Repo-pkgs    : 12,616  
Repo-size    : 13 G  
Repo-metalink: https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=x86\_64  
  Updated    : Sun Jul 22 08:07:48 2018  
Repo-baseurl : https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/7/x86\_64/ (10 more)  
Repo-expire  : 21,600 second(s) (last: Sun Jul 22 15:31:32 2018)  
  Filter     : read-only:present  
Repo-filename: /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

Repo-id      : extras/7/x86\_64  
Repo-name    : CentOS-7 - Extras  
Repo-revision: 1531861428  
Repo-updated : Wed Jul 18 05:06:25 2018  
Repo-pkgs    : 363  
Repo-size    : 684 M  
Repo-mirrors : http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86\_64&repo=extras&infra=stock  
Repo-baseurl : http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.5.1804/extras/x86\_64/ (9 more)  
Repo-expire  : 21,600 second(s) (last: Sun Jul 22 15:31:32 2018)  
  Filter     : read-only:present  
Repo-filename: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

Repo-id      : updates/7/x86\_64  
Repo-name    : CentOS-7 - Updates  
Repo-revision: 1531842818  
Repo-updated : Wed Jul 18 00:08:36 2018  
Repo-pkgs    : 970  
Repo-size    : 3.2 G  
Repo-mirrors : http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86\_64&repo=updates&infra=stock  
Repo-baseurl : http://mirrors.cn99.com/centos/7.5.1804/updates/x86\_64/ (9 more)  
Repo-expire  : 21,600 second(s) (last: Sun Jul 22 15:31:33 2018)  
  Filter     : read-only:present  
Repo-filename: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

repolist: 23,860

\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum groupremove "GNOME Desktop"

2、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# cat epel.repo  
\[epel\]  
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch  
\#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch  
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch  
failovermethod=priority  
enabled=1  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

3、简述at和crontab命令，制定 每周三凌晨三、五点10分执行某个脚本，输出当前时间，时间格式为 2017-12-28 10:00:00

at指定某个时间执行某个任务，crontab可以执行周期性任务。

at常用命令有

\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# atq  
3       Sun Jul 22 16:04:00 2018 a root

\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# atrm 3  
\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# atq

crontab -e

10 3,5 \* \* 3 root date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# crontab -l  
10 3,5 \* \* 3 root date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# crontab -r  
\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# crontab -l  
no crontab for root

4、简述sed常用操作命令，并举例

sed是一个很好的文件处理工具，本身是一个管道命令，主要是以行为单位进行处理，可以将数据行进行替换、删除、新增、选取等特定工作，下面先了解一下sed的用法  
sed命令行格式为：  
         sed \[-nefri\] ‘command’ 输入文本

常用选项：  
        -n∶使用安静(silent)模式。在一般 sed 的用法中，所有来自 STDIN的资料一般都会被列出到萤幕上。但如果加上 -n 参数后，则只有经过sed 特殊处理的那一行(或者动作)才会被列出来。  
        -e∶直接在指令列模式上进行 sed 的动作编辑；  
        -f∶直接将 sed 的动作写在一个档案内， -f filename 则可以执行 filename 内的sed 动作；  
        -r∶sed 的动作支援的是延伸型正规表示法的语法。(预设是基础正规表示法语法)  
        -i∶直接修改读取的档案内容，而不是由萤幕输出。

常用命令：  
        a   ∶新增， a 的后面可以接字串，而这些字串会在新的一行出现(目前的下一行)～  
        c   ∶取代， c 的后面可以接字串，这些字串可以取代 n1,n2 之间的行！  
        d   ∶删除，因为是删除啊，所以 d 后面通常不接任何咚咚；  
         i   ∶插入， i 的后面可以接字串，而这些字串会在新的一行出现(目前的上一行)；  
         p  ∶列印，亦即将某个选择的资料印出。通常 p 会与参数 sed -n 一起运作～  
         s  ∶取代，可以直接进行取代的工作哩！通常这个 s 的动作可以搭配正规表示法！例如 1,20s/old/new/g 就是啦！

举例：（假设我们有一文件名为ab）  
     删除某行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1d' ab              \#删除第一行   
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '$d' ab              \#删除最后一行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1,2d' ab           \#删除第一行到第二行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '2,$d' ab           \#删除第二行到最后一行

显示某行  
.    \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '1p' ab           \#显示第一行   
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '$p' ab           \#显示最后一行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '1,2p' ab        \#显示第一行到第二行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '2,$p' ab        \#显示第二行到最后一行

使用模式进行查询  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '/ruby/p' ab    \#查询包括关键字ruby所在所有行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '/\\$/p' ab        \#查询包括关键字$所在所有行，使用反斜线\\屏蔽特殊含义

增加一行或多行字符串  
     \[root@localhost ruby\]\# cat ab  
     Hello!  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.  
     end  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1a drink tea' ab  \#第一行后增加字符串"drink tea"  
     Hello!  
     drink tea  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.   
     end  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1,3a drink tea' ab \#第一行到第三行后增加字符串"drink tea"  
     Hello!  
     drink tea  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.  
     drink tea  
     end  
     drink tea  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1a drink tea\\nor coffee' ab   \#第一行后增加多行，使用换行符\\n  
     Hello!  
     drink tea  
     or coffee  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.  
     end

代替一行或多行  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1c Hi' ab                \#第一行代替为Hi  
     Hi  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.  
     end  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed '1,2c Hi' ab             \#第一行到第二行代替为Hi  
     Hi  
     end

替换一行中的某部分  
　　格式：sed 's/要替换的字符串/新的字符串/g'   （要替换的字符串可以用正则表达式）  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '/ruby/p' ab | sed 's/ruby/bird/g'    \#替换ruby为bird  
　  \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -n '/ruby/p' ab | sed 's/ruby//g'        \#删除ruby

插入  
     \[root@localhost ruby\] \# sed -i '$a bye' ab         \#在文件ab中最后一行直接输入"bye"  
     \[root@localhost ruby\]\# cat ab  
     Hello!  
     ruby is me,welcome to my blog.  
     end  
     bye

删除匹配行

sed -i '/匹配字符串/d'  filename  （注：若匹配字符串是变量，则需要“”，而不是‘’。记得好像是）

替换匹配行中的某个字符串

sed -i '/匹配字符串/s/替换源字符串/替换目标字符串/g' filename