shell批量设置免密认证

女爷i 2022-05-20 04:09 237阅读 0赞

# shell批量设置免密认证 #

> 实验背景：笔者想使用ansible同步一批虚拟机的配置，需要对这些虚拟机进行免密设置

*  实验所需文件及脚本如下图  
    ![这里写图片描述][70]

## 生成ip列表 ##

#!/bin/bash
    ####################################
    # Function: generate ip list for use
    ####################################
    # auther: shaobean@qq.com
    # Changelog:
    # 2018-07-11 wanghui initial
    ####################################
    # set -x
    
    # define ip Subnet
    
    SUBNET=192.168.10.
    
    for ip in `seq 20 25`;
      do
      echo "$SUBNET$ip" >> /root/ip.txt
      done
    
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "Generate Ip List Complete."

## 生成密码文件 ##

#!/bin/bash
    ##########################################
    # Function: generate password list for use
    ##########################################
    # auther: shaobean@qq.com
    # Changelog:
    # 2018-07-11 wanghui initial
    ##########################################
    # set -x
    
    # define ip Subnet
    
    PASSWORD=password
    
    for pd in `seq 20 25`;
      do
      echo "$PASSWORD$pd" >> /root/password.txt
      done
    
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "Generate Password List Complete."

*  合并ip文件和密码文件

/usr/bin/paste -d: /root/ip.txt /root/password.txt > /root/ip-password.txt

*  笔者ip-password文件格式：

[root@wanghui ~]# cat ip-password.txt
    192.168.10.20:211212
    192.168.10.21:211212
    192.168.10.22:211212
    192.168.10.23:211212
    192.168.10.24:211212
    192.168.10.25:211212
    # 由于笔者虚拟机初始密码都一样，这里为了实验方便，建议使用不同的密码

## 创建批量设置ssh免密认证脚本 ##

#!/bin/bash 
    #########################################################
    # Functions: batch ssh free secret login
    #########################################################
    # Author: shaonbean@qq.com
    # Changelog:
    # 2018-07-11 wanghui initial create
    #########################################################
    # set -x
    
    # generate ip-password.txt for paste_ip_password.sh
    
    IP_PASSWORD=/root/ip-password.txt
    
    # if expect exists
    
    rpm -qa | grep expect >> /dev/null
    
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
      echo "expect already install."
      else
      yum install expect -y
    fi
    
    # batch ssh Certification
    for IP in $(cat $IP_PASSWORD)
      do
      ip=$(echo "$IP" | cut -f1 -d ":") 
      password=$(echo "$IP" | cut -f2 -d ":")
    
      # begin expect 
      expect -c " spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@$ip expect { \"*yes/no*\" {send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue} \"*password*\" {send \"$password\r\"; exp_continue} \"*Password*\" {send \"$password\r\";} } "   
      done   
    
    # use ssh batch excute command
    
    for hostip in $(cat $IP_PASSWORD | cut -f1 -d ":")  
        do  
        ssh root@$hostip 'uptime'    
        done

*  本地重新生成ssh私钥公钥

[root@wanghui ~]# rm -rf .ssh/
    [root@wanghui ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
    Generating public/private rsa key pair.
    Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
    Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
    Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
    Enter same passphrase again: 
    Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
    Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
    The key fingerprint is:
    SHA256:+QrZGBOpZciJqG9QnDmT2d5wLDoJiuXLmob7avcWYFk root@wanghui.io
    The key's randomart image is:
    +---[RSA 2048]----+
    |                 |
    | o O E .         |
    |o % X B          |
    |+= X O . .       |
    |= * + + S        |
    | + o . * .       |
    |. =   = . .      |
    |.* . . . .       |
    |B+o o.  .        |
    +----[SHA256]-----+

## 执行脚本、批量设置免密认证 ##

[root@wanghui ~]# bash batch_set_ssh_secret.sh 
    expect already install.
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.20
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.20 (192.168.10.20)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:WV7KiVaITK4NnnYC1ebdmXg+QEmUAKtpD4bH0To7uPU.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:f3:c9:59:14:cd:b1:bf:08:9e:cf:3a:cc:63:02:46:8b.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.20's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.20'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.21
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.21 (192.168.10.21)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:WV7KiVaITK4NnnYC1ebdmXg+QEmUAKtpD4bH0To7uPU.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:f3:c9:59:14:cd:b1:bf:08:9e:cf:3a:cc:63:02:46:8b.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.21's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.21'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.22
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.22 (192.168.10.22)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:WV7KiVaITK4NnnYC1ebdmXg+QEmUAKtpD4bH0To7uPU.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:f3:c9:59:14:cd:b1:bf:08:9e:cf:3a:cc:63:02:46:8b.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.22's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.22'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.23
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.23 (192.168.10.23)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:DDyxtC8wq06dGmngNcX7xU4XprZ/WCz7vfVikiSUix8.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:97:32:a0:7c:5a:59:06:f5:cf:f3:87:df:e0:e0:fb:b6.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.23's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.23'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.24
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.24 (192.168.10.24)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:DDyxtC8wq06dGmngNcX7xU4XprZ/WCz7vfVikiSUix8.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:97:32:a0:7c:5a:59:06:f5:cf:f3:87:df:e0:e0:fb:b6.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.24's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.24'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
    spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.10.25
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
    The authenticity of host '192.168.10.25 (192.168.10.25)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:DDyxtC8wq06dGmngNcX7xU4XprZ/WCz7vfVikiSUix8.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:97:32:a0:7c:5a:59:06:f5:cf:f3:87:df:e0:e0:fb:b6.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
    /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
    root@192.168.10.25's password: 
    
    Number of key(s) added: 1
    
    Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.10.25'"
    and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
     17:33:26 up 5 days, 23:55,  0 users,  load average: 0.15, 0.05, 0.06
     09:33:23 up 5 days, 23:56,  0 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
     17:33:28 up 5 days, 23:56,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
     09:33:22 up 5 days, 23:38,  1 user,  load average: 0.08, 0.08, 0.10
     09:33:24 up 5 days, 23:38,  1 user,  load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.05
     09:33:23 up 5 days, 23:38,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

*  到此通过shell批量设置ssh免密登录完成
 *  参考：[https://www.cnblogs.com/likai198981/p/3700184.htmlshell][https_www.cnblogs.com_likai198981_p_3700184.htmlshell]

[70]: /images/20220520/e3d8d2b837a74d2eb7386f91b062b329.png
[https_www.cnblogs.com_likai198981_p_3700184.htmlshell]: https://www.cnblogs.com/likai198981/p/3700184.htmlshell