linux下如何部署php项目？

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-05-19 04:21 303阅读 0赞

linux下部署php项目环境可以分为两种，一种使用Apache，php，mysql的压缩包安装，一种用yum命令进行安装。

> 使用三种软件的压缩包进行安装，需要手动配置三者之间的关系。apache和php之间的配置没有什么难度，但是和mysql进行配置的时候就需要对php的了解了。

### 以下是用yum在linux中配置php环境： ###

## **安装MySql** ##

1.mysql和apache最好是首先进行安装的，因为在配置php的时候需要与mysql和apache进行关联配置和测试

首先下载mysql-sever文件，因为博主linux环境是CentOS版本，yum源中貌似没有正常安装mysql时的mysql-sever文件，需要去官网上下载

1.下载mysql-service文件
    [root@tele-1 ~]# wget
    mysql-service
    [root@tele-1 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

2.安装mysql

[root@tele-1 ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

3.安装完毕之后启动mysql服务

[root@tele-1 ~]# service mysqld restart

4. 初步安装的mysql是没有密码的，用户名默认是root。所以我们需要修改密码，用mysql命令行进行修改

1.进入mysql命令行
    [root@tele-1 ~]# mysql -urootWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 474801Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
     
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
    2.使用命令进行密码修改
    mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('你要修改的密码');
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

5.因为博主是用本地navicat软件来连接linux下的mysql的，所以如果要在本地访问的话，就需要改一下mysql数据库中的user表了

1.操作mysql数据库表
    mysql> use mysql;
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
     
    Database changedmysql>
    <br><span style="font-family: 楷体; font-size: 14px">
    2.查看user表中的数据（在mysql命令行中可以直接进行sql语句编写）</span>
    mysql> select * from user;+-----------+------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------+
    | Host      | User | Password                                  | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | Event_priv | Trigger_priv | Create_tablespace_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | plugin                | authentication_string | password_expired |
    +-----------+------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------+| %         | root | *3ce8dad2446975d8b0c771bd7e48d15b | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 | mysql_native_password |                       | N                || localhost | root | *3ce8dad2446975d8b0c771bd7e48d15b | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 | mysql_native_password |                       | N                |
    | 127.0.0.1 | root | *3ce8dad2446975d8b0c771bd7e48d15b | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 | mysql_native_password |                       | N                |
    | ::1       | root | *3ce8dad2446975d8b0c771bd7e48d15b | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 | mysql_native_password |                       | N                || tele-1    |      |                                           | N           | N           | N           | N           | N           | N         | N           | N             | N            | N         | N          | N               | N          | N          | N            | N          | N                     | N                | N            | N               | N                | N                | N              | N                   | N                  | N                | N          | N            | N                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 | mysql_native_password | NULL                  | N                |
    +-----------+------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------+
    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>
    
    3.博主的表中是修改之后的表了，想要远程访问，就需要上边红色标注的数据了，Host指的是可以访问此数据库的ip地址，%代表的是所有的请求都可以连接进来。

> 大家可以修改一条数据，也可以添加一条数据。但是最好不要修改上边蓝色标注的数据，修改语句就是下边的格式

mysql> update user set Host = '%' where ???

4.最后推出exit或者\\q都是退出mysql命令行的方法

mysql> \q
    Bye

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## **安装Apache** ##

1.apache安装方法相对简单

[root@tele-2 ~]# yum install httpd

2.外网访问虚拟机中的地址，我们就需要修改一下apache的配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

![format_png][]

找到　　\#ServerName www.example.com:80 改为　　ServerName localhost:80

如右图所示：

![format_png 1][]

找到　　\#Listen 　 改为　　Listen:8080(linux中开放的端口号80XX)

如右图所示：

3.修改完成之后我们需要再次启动httpd服务,并查看启动状态

[root@tele-2 ~]# service httpd startRedirecting to /bin/systemctl start  httpd.service
    [root@tele-2 ~]# service httpd statusRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status  httpd.service
    ● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2017-06-05 15:57:34 CST; 5s ago
         Docs: man:httpd(8)
               man:apachectl(8)
      Process: 54532 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
      Process: 39046 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Main PID: 54573 (httpd)
       Status: "Processing requests..."
       Memory: 15.8M
       CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
               ├─54573 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
               ├─54576 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
               ├─54577 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
               ├─54578 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
               ├─54579 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
               └─54580 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
     
    Jun 05 15:57:34 tele-2 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...Jun 05 15:57:34 tele-2 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

4.此时你就可以访问你的服务器了，输入localhost或者ip地址，出现一 个Apache test page powered by centos的测试页面

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## **安装PHP** ##

1.php安装命令

[root@tele-2 ~]# yum install php

2.直接一路安装，安装完成之后再次重启httpd服务

[root@tele-2 ~]# service httpd startRedirecting to /bin/systemctl start  httpd.service

3.重启之后我们进行测试PHP相关信息，我们新建一个PHP界面进行测试

在apache默认页面路径`/``var``/www/html`下新建一个test.php页面，添加代码

<?php phpinfo();?>

![format_png 2][]

4.访问这个页面，输入localhost/test.php,或者

ip：端口号/test.php就可以看见php环境的配置信息了。如右图：

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## **关联php和mysql** ##

1.搜索模块

[root@tele-2 ~]# yum search php

2.安装相关模块

[root@tele-2 ~]# yum install php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml  php-xmlrpc

![format_png 3][]

3.安装完成，重启mysqld，重启httpd

重新访问刚才的info.php，我们发现已经多了MySQL的相关信息。如右图：

至此，php在linux中的运行环境就已经成功配置完成了。

1.mysql yum安装默认文件夹及相关命令

/var/lib/mysql/
     
    ：/usr/share/mysql（mysql.server）
     
    /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump）
     
    my.cnf: /etc/my.cnf
     
    ：/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
    ：service mysql start
    停止命令：service mysql stop
    运行状态：service mysql status

2.apache

配置文件路径：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    service httpd start
    service httpd stop
    运行状态：service httpd status

3.php

php默认页面路径：/var/www/html

[format_png]: /images/20220519/e98833a7f01a489f9494c8a0a0d478c4.png
[format_png 1]: /images/20220519/5646ef448a6e472e932eab0756dc3440.png
[format_png 2]: /images/20220519/9c5b33ed46a24069aaf3d2b287425bff.png
[format_png 3]: /images/20220519/cfe321e343864912b23f635601aba218.png