centos7下mysql 用户管理和权限设置

冷不防 2022-05-18 01:08 250阅读 0赞

1.进入mysql命令行，输入root及密码
    [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 19
    Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> 
    
    2.用户管理及权限设置
    // 管理用户
    mysql> use mysql;
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    
    Database changed
    
    //查询用户
    mysql> select host,user from user;
    +-----------+---------------+
    | host      | user          |
    +-----------+---------------+
    | %         | root          |
    | %         | test          |
    | localhost | mysql.session |
    | localhost | mysql.sys     |
    | localhost | root          |
    +-----------+---------------+
    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    //创建用户（用户：admin，密码:123456）
    mysql> create user admin identified by '123456';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    // 删除用户admin
    mysql> drop user admin;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    // 重新创建用户（用户：admins，密码:123456）
    mysql> create user admins identified by '123456';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select host, user from user;
    +-----------+---------------+
    | host      | user          |
    +-----------+---------------+
    | %         | admins        |
    | %         | root          |
    | %         | test          |
    | localhost | mysql.session |
    | localhost | mysql.sys     |
    | localhost | root          |
    +-----------+---------------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    // 查看用户admins的权限
    mysql> show grants for admins;
    +------------------------------------+
    | Grants for admins@%                |
    +------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'admins'@'%' |
    +------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    // 赋予权限（给用户admins，授予数据库test的查询权限）
    mysql> grant select on test.* to admins;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    // 查看用户admins的权限
    mysql> show grants for admins;
    +------------------------------------------+
    | Grants for admins@%                      |
    +------------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'admins'@'%'       |
    | GRANT SELECT ON `test`.* TO 'admins'@'%' |
    +------------------------------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    // 收回权限（对用户admins，收回数据库test的查询权限）
    mysql> revoke select on test.* from admins;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    
    // 查看用户admins的权限
    mysql> show grants for admins;
    +------------------------------------+
    | Grants for admins@%                |
    +------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'admins'@'%' |
    +------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    // 赋予权限（给用户admins，授予数据库test的查询、更新、删除、插入等权限）
    mysql> grant select, update, delete, insert on test.* to admins;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    // 查看用户admins的权限
    mysql> show grants for admins;
    +------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Grants for admins@%                                              |
    +------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'admins'@'%'                               |
    | GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `test`.* TO 'admins'@'%' |
    +------------------------------------------------------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
    
    // 赋予权限（给用户admins，授予数据库test的新建表、删除表或删除数据库等权限）
    mysql> grant create,drop on test.* to admins;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    // 查看用户admins的权限
    mysql> show grants for admins;
    +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Grants for admins@%                                                            |
    +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'admins'@'%'                                             |
    | GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP ON `test`.* TO 'admins'@'%' |
    +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    // 刷新权限（使设置的权限生效）
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    
    
    
    // 查看root的权限
    mysql> show grants for root;
    +-------------------------------------------+
    | Grants for root@%                         |
    +-------------------------------------------+
    | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' |
    +-------------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

以下是用户可以享受的常见可能权限的简短列表。

*  ALL PRIVILEGES - 正如我们前面所看到的，这将允许MySQL用户访问指定的数据库（或者如果系统中没有选择数据库）
 *  CREATE-允许他们创建新的表或数据库
 *  DROP-允许他们删除表或数据库
 *  DELETE-允许他们从表中删除行
 *  INSERT-允许它们向表中插入行
 *  SELECT-允许他们使用Select命令来读取数据库
 *  UPDATE-允许他们更新表行
 *  GRANT OPTION - 允许他们授予或删除其他用户的权限

要向特定用户提供权限，可以使用此框架：

GRANT \[type of permission\] ON \[database name\].\[table name\] TO ‘\[username\]’@'localhost’;

如果要向其授予对任何数据库或任何表的访问权限，请确保在数据库名称或表名称的地方放置星号（\*）。  
每次更新或更改权限时，请务必使用Flush Privileges命令。

如果您需要撤消权限，则结构与授予的结构几乎相同：  
REVOKE \[type of permission\] ON \[database name\].\[table name\] FROM ‘\[username\]’@‘localhost’;

正如您可以使用DROP删除数据库一样，您可以使用DROP完全删除用户：  
DROP USER ‘demo’@‘localhost’;

要测试您的新用户，请通过键入注销  
quit

并使用此命令在终端中重新登录：  
mysql -u \[username\]-p