httpd虚拟主机

傷城~ 2022-05-16 02:57 278阅读 0赞

[httpd2.2的安装和简介][httpd2.2]

## 安装httpd2.4 ##

过程都挺正常的  
可以去官网找安装包  
[http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi][http_httpd.apache.org_download.cgi]  
安装httpd2.4的时候还需要注意一点，需要在官网多下载两个tar包，apr与apr-util这个是httpd运行环境相关的包，我的也是在官网找的  
[https://apr.apache.org/][https_apr.apache.org]

实验环境  
系统 CentOS7  
IP 192.168.253.128  
httpd 版本 2.4  
apr版本 1.6  
apr-util版本1.6

systemctl  stop firewalld 
    setenforce  0
    cd /usr/local/src/
    yum install gcc  gcc-c++ gcc-devel pcre pcre-devel  expat expat-devel -y
    useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
    wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.34.tar.gz
    wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
    wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
    tar -xf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz 
    tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 
    tar -xf httpd-2.4.34.tar.gz

这时候需要注意一下 需要吧解压后的apr与apr-util放到httpd源码包的srclib目录下，并分别命名为apr与apr-util,并且./configure 要加上参数–with-included-apr，否则会报错，解决办法是通过看官方文档

mv /usr/local/src/apr-1.6.3 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.34/srclib/apr
    mv /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.34/srclib/apr-util
    cd httpd-2.4.34
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd-2.4 --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-included-apr --with-pcre
    make && make install 
    ln -sv /usr/local/httpd-2.4 /usr/local/httpd
    PATH="/usr/local/httpd/bin/:$PATH"
    echo 'PATH="/usr/local/httpd/bin/:$PATH"' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

## 虚拟主机 ##

部署多个站点，每个站点有不同的域名和站点目录，或者不同端口，不同ip就需要虚拟主机功能，即一个http服务配置多个站点

有多种方式设置虚拟主机这里都稍微讲解一下

*  基于域名（最重要）
 *  基于端口 一般生产环境中是内部网络
 *  基于ip

### 基于域名 ###

创建两个域名  
www.ice.com 站点目录为/var/www/html/www.ice.com  
www.cube.com 站点目录为/var/www/html/www.cube.com

先创建两个站点目录

mkdir -pv /var/www/html/{www.ice.com,www.cube.com}
    echo "www.ice.com"  > /var/www/html/www.ice.com/index.html
    echo "www.cube.com" > /var/www/html/www.cube.com/index.html

修改虚拟主机的配置文件/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/www.ice.com"
        ServerName www.ice.com
        ServerAlias ice.com
        ErrorLog "logs/www.ice.com-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/www.ice.com-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost>
    
    
    <VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/www.cube.com"
        ServerName www.cube.com
        ServerAlias cube.com
        ErrorLog "logs/www.cube.com-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/www.cube.com-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost *:80>

需要修改一下主配置文件/usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf ##吧虚拟主机的配置文件包含进来
    Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
    ##下面两项是设置站点目录权限，允许被访问不然会报错403权限不许可
    <Directory "/var/www/html/www.ice.com">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    <Directory "/var/www/html/www.cube.com">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

测试一下，出现Syntax OK 即可

apachectl  -t

域名没有DNS解析，需要自己修改一下/etc/hosts文件  
添加下面一条记录即可

192.168.253.128  www.ice.com www.cube.com

启动httpd

httpd

测试一下  
![这里写图片描述][70]  
这里可以看到已经访问到我们两个站点目录了 所以基于域名做的虚拟主机成功了。

## 基于端口 ##

和基于域名很类似 就在上个实验的基础上改吧。  
用2个端口 1080 和2080 端口  
先创建相关的站点目录

mkdir -pv /var/www/html/{port1080,port2080}
    echo "1080" >/var/www/html/port1080/index.html
    echo "2080" > /var/www/html/port2080/index.html

修改虚拟主机的配置文件/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf  
添加下面的部分

<VirtualHost *:1080>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com 
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/port1080"
        ErrorLog "logs/port1080-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/port1080-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost>
    
    
    <VirtualHost *:2080>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com 
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/port2080"
        ErrorLog "logs/port2080-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/port2080-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost>

修改主配置文件  
添加下面行

Listen 1080
    Listen 2080
    <Directory "/var/www/html/port1080">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    <Directory "/var/www/html/port2080">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

检查一下配置文件然后重启httpd服务

httpd -t
    httpd -k restart

![这里写图片描述][70 1]

这里可以看出基于端口的虚拟主机 完成了。

## 基于ip ##

基于ip很少用，但是也说一下吧 步骤类似  
创建两个虚拟ip  
ip addr add 192.168.253.130/24 dev ens33  
ip addr add 192.168.253.131/24 dev ens33  
![这里写图片描述][70 2]

创建站点目录和起始页

mkdir -pv /var/www/html/{ip131,ip130}
    echo "ip131">/var/www/html/ip131/index.html
    [root@localhost httpd]# echo "ip130">/var/www/html/ip130/index.html

修改虚拟主机的配置文件/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf  
添加下面的部分

<VirtualHost 192.168.253.131:80>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com 
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/ip131"
        ErrorLog "logs/ip131-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/ip131-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost>
    
    <VirtualHost 192.168.253.130:80>
        ServerAdmin 835311324@qq.com 
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/ip130"
        ErrorLog "logs/ip130-error_log"
        CustomLog "logs/ip130-access_log" common
    </VirtualHost>

主配置文件/usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf添加下面几行

<Directory "/var/www/html/ip130">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    <Directory "/var/www/html/ip131">
        Options None
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

检查一下配置文件，重启服务

httpd  -t
    httpd -k  restart

![这里写图片描述][70 3]  
可以看出成功了

[httpd2.2]: https://mp.csdn.net/mdeditor/81671633
[http_httpd.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
[https_apr.apache.org]: https://apr.apache.org/
[70]: /images/20220516/6943717f030543dcaee8bd661d8d2b11.png
[70 1]: /images/20220516/542b013da0504e56aed371fbefbfc34b.png
[70 2]: /images/20220516/6fce8ecb4b5e4f71a32a9da5c9461209.png
[70 3]: /images/20220516/e509bba74f404b328386457d5644389e.png