浅谈持久层ORM模型，Hibernate的概述，maven的java工程的Hibernate5.0.7配置

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-05-15 15:16 45阅读 0赞

1.  Hibernate 是什么？

*1、首先要理解 Hibernate 是什么，一句话总结：*  
*Hibernate 是持久层 ORM 映射框架；*  
![baike][]

*2、什么是ROM 模型；*  
*实体 bean 和 table 之间关系映射；*  
![模型][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

*在很早以前，sun 公司针对 各层设计分为 4层，如下；后面webApplet 被 更轻量的 js、html 取代，省去了在客户端运行需要 jre 环境的操作，大大加大了开发效率，成为现在的经典三层web,service,dao架构模式；针对每一层的解决方案如下：*  
![好][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

*项目结构如下, xxx.hbm.xml 和 hibernate.cfg.xml命名要规范，底层地洞调用该配置文件：*  
![s][]  
*点开hibernate的configuration底层查看：*  
![底层][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
*Hibernate的配置，分为 mapper 和Hibernate核心文件的配置：*  
*（1）mapper配置：*

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping>
        
        <class name="com.baidu.bean.Customer" table="cst_customer">
            <id name="cust_id" column="cust_id">
                <generator class="native"></generator>
            </id>
            <property name="cust_name" column="cust_name"></property>
            <property name="cust_source" column="cust_source"></property>
            <property name="cust_industry" column="cust_industry"></property>
            <property name="cust_level" column="cust_level"></property>
            <property name="cust_phone" column="cust_phone"></property>
            <property name="cust_mobile" column="cust_mobile"></property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

*（2）核心配置文件配置：*

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
        <session-factory>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///test?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false</property>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" >true</property>
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
            
            <mapping resource="com/baidu/bean/Customer.hbm.xml"></mapping>
        </session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

*pom.xml的配置：*

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>hibernate1030day01</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate1030day01</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>antlr</groupId>
                <artifactId>antlr</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.7</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
                <artifactId>geronimo-jta_1.1_spec</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId>
                <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.1.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.7.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
                <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.jboss</groupId>
                <artifactId>jandex</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.0.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
                <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
                <version>3.18.1-GA</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.0.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>8.0.11</version>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.25</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.25</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            
    
        </dependencies>
        <build>
            <resources>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    </includes>
                    <filtering>true</filtering>
                </resource>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
                        <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    </includes>
                </resource>
            </resources>
        </build>
    </project>

*测试类：*

/** * @auther SyntacticSugar * @data 2018/10/30 0030下午 6:21 */
    public class HibernateTest { 
        @Test
        public void test01(){ 
            /** 配置是hibernate中的 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration * 加载配置文件 * 创建sessionFactory * 创建session 会话对象 */
            Configuration configuration=new Configuration().configure();
            SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
            Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            //开启事务
            Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
            Customer customer = new Customer();
            customer.setCust_name("打豆豆");
            session.save(customer);//忘记保存了
            //提交事务，关闭会话
            transaction.commit();
            session.clear();
        }
    }

*和数据库 table 对应的实体类，提供setter 、getter、toString：*

/** * @auther SyntacticSugar * @data 2018/10/30 0030下午 4:58 */
    public class Customer { 
        private  Long cust_id;
        private  String cust_name;
        private  String cust_source;
        private  String cust_industry;
        private  String cust_level;
        private  String cust_phone;
        private  String cust_mobile;
        // 提供setter 、getter、toString
        }

[baike]: /images/20220503/ee1cd6134e6c4249b4e1ef284235bf01.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220503/d28bca3daff04514ae9e49182f24819f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220503/538fd3d7e5bb441586cd63dfc184fc05.png
[s]: /images/20220503/a864421a65ef4f9dba27e02814a93c29.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMyMzgwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220503/88b070c2811b481d91d6e375685b1193.png