centos+nginx1.3.9+php5.4.9+mysql5.5.28+memcached

男娘i 2022-05-15 13:43 134阅读 0赞

一：安装Nginx  
   
1,添加一个不能登录且没有主目录的用户：  
   
1 \# useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin(www可以用nginx,说明是nginx用户)

2,必要的组件

\# wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.13.zip  
\# unzip pcre-8.13.zip  
\# cd pcre-8.13  
\# ./configure  
\# make && make install

（如果有错误提示：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

请按照下面的安装方法：

安装pcre-devel与openssl-devel解决问题

yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel）

MGB，安装出现一个问题 make: \*\*\* No rule to make target \`build', needed by \`default'.  Stop.，莫名的奇妙；

安装make：

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make

安装g++:

yum install gcc gcc-c++

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

3,编译nginx并安装  
\# tar -zxvf nginx-1.3.9.tar.gz  
\# cd nginx-1.3.9  
\# ./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http\_stub\_status\_module --with-http\_ssl\_module  --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.34  
\# make && make install  
 \--with-pcre 后面的路径 为源码包解压后的路径，而不是安装路径，否则会报错！  
\[2\].安装PHP  
   
1,安装必要的组件  
   
\# yum -y install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel  
\# wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz（下载，这个路径不一定正确，可以通过其他方法下载）  
\# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz  
\# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8  
\# ./configure  
\# make && make install  
   
==64位系统==  
   
1 \# ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/ /usr/lib/mysql  
   
==64位系统==  
   
二：编译 [php][] 并安装  
   
\# cd php-5.4.9  
\# ./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt ='对于libmcrypt的安装目录' --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets  --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-mysql --with-mysqli --enable-sqlite-utf8 --with-pdo-mysql --enable-ftp --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-png-dir --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www  
\# make && make install

相关错误解决：

> checking for cURL in default path... not found  
> configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -  
> easy.h should be in /include/curl/

其实就是curl的dev包没有安装, 解决方案:  
终端下

> \# yum -y install curl-devel

然后就可以继续了

在CentOS编译PHP5的时候有时会遇到以下的一些错误信息，基本上都可以通过yum安装相应的库来解决。以下是具体的一些解决办法：

> checking for BZip2 support… yes checking for BZip2 in default path… not found configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

Fix: `yum install bzip2-devel`

> checking for cURL support… yes checking if we should use cURL for url streams… no checking for cURL in default path… not found configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution – easy.h should be in/include/curl/

Fix: `yum install curl-devel`

> checking for curl\_multi\_strerror in -lcurl… yes checking for QDBM support… no checking for GDBM support… no checking for NDBM support… no configure: error: DBA: Could not find necessary header file(s).

Fix: `yum install db4-devel`

> checking for fabsf… yes checking for floorf… yes configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

Fix: `yum install libjpeg-devel`

> checking for fabsf… yes checking for floorf… yes checking for jpeg\_read\_header in -ljpeg… yes configure: error: png.h not found.

Fix: `yum install libpng-devel`

> checking for png\_write\_image in -lpng… yes If configure fails try –with-xpm-dir=
> 
> configure: error: freetype.h not found.

Fix: Reconfigure your PHP with the following option. `--with-xpm-dir=/usr`

> checking for png\_write\_image in -lpng… yes configure: error: libXpm.(a|so) not found.

Fix: `yum install libXpm-devel`

> checking for bind\_textdomain\_codeset in -lc… yes checking for GNU MP support… yes configure: error: Unable to locate gmp.h

Fix: `yum install gmp-devel`

> checking for utf8\_mime2text signature… new checking for U8T\_DECOMPOSE… configure: error: utf8\_mime2text() has new signature, but U8T\_CANONICAL is missing. This should not happen. Check config.log for additional information.

Fix: `yum install libc-client-devel`

> checking for LDAP support… yes, shared checking for LDAP Cyrus SASL support… yes configure: error: Cannot find ldap.h

Fix: `yum install openldap-devel`

> checking for mysql\_set\_character\_set in -lmysqlclient… yes checking for mysql\_stmt\_next\_result in -lmysqlclient… no checking for Oracle Database OCI8 support… no checking for unixODBC support… configure: error: ODBC header file ‘/usr/include/sqlext.h’ not found!

Fix:

`yum install unixODBC-devel`

> checking for PostgreSQL support for PDO… yes, shared checking for pg\_config… not found configure: error: Cannot find libpq-fe.h. Please specify correct PostgreSQL installation path

Fix: `yum install postgresql-devel`

> checking for sqlite 3 support for PDO… yes, shared checking for PDO includes… (cached) /usr/local/src/php-5.3.7/ext checking for sqlite3 files in default path… not found configure: error: Please reinstall the sqlite3 distribution

Fix: `yum install sqlite-devel`

> checking for utsname.domainname… yes checking for PSPELL support… yes configure: error: Cannot find pspell

Fix: `yum install aspell-devel`

> checking whether to enable UCD SNMP hack… yes checking for default\_store.h… no
> 
> checking for kstat\_read in -lkstat… no checking for snmp\_parse\_oid in -lsnmp… no checking for init\_snmp in -lsnmp… no configure: error: SNMP sanity check failed. Please check config.log for more information.

Fix: `yum install net-snmp-devel`

> checking whether to enable XMLWriter support… yes, shared checking for xml2-config path… (cached) /usr/bin/xml2-config checking whether libxml build works… (cached) yes checking for XSL support… yes, shared configure: error: xslt-config not found. Please reinstall the libxslt >= 1.1.0 distribution

Fix: `yum install libxslt-devel`

> configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

Fix: `yum install libxml2-devel`

> checking for PCRE headers location… configure: error: Could not find pcre.h in /usr

Fix: `yum install pcre-devel`

> configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes. Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!

Fix: `yum install mysql-devel`

> checking for unixODBC support… configure: error: ODBC header file ‘/usr/include/sqlext.h’ not found!

Fix: `yum install unixODBC-devel`

> checking for pg\_config… not found configure: error: Cannot find libpq-fe.h. Please specify correct PostgreSQL installation path

Fix:

`yum install postgresql-devel`

> configure: error: Cannot find pspell

Fix: `yum install pspell-devel`

> configure: error: Could not find net-snmp-config binary. Please check your net-snmp installation.

Fix: `yum install net-snmp-devel`

> configure: error: xslt-config not found. Please reinstall the libxslt >= 1.1.0 distribution

Fix: `yum install libxslt-devel`

3,拷贝和修改php配置文件  
   
\# cp php.ini-production /opt/php/lib/php.ini 或是/usr/local/lib/php.ini  
\# cp /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf  
\# /opt/php/bin/php --ini   //测试ini文件是否加载  
   
修改php.ini  
   
 \[PHP\]  
safe\_mode = On  
register\_globals = Off  
magic\_quotes\_gpc = Off  
allow\_url\_fopen = Off  
allow\_url\_include = Off  
expose\_php=Off  
disable\_functions = shell\_exec,system,exec,passthru,show\_source,curl\_exec,curl\_multi\_exec,get\_cfg\_var  
\[Date\]  
date.timezone = “Asia/Shanghai”  
   
修改php-fpm.conf  
   
\[global\]  
pid = run/php-fpm.pid  
error\_log = log/php-fpm.log  
log\_level = notice  
emergency\_restart\_threshold = 0  
emergency\_restart\_interval = 0  
\[www\]  
pm.start\_servers = 20  
pm.min\_spare\_servers = 5  
pm.max\_spare\_servers = 35(不能大于max\_children)  
pm.max\_requests = 500  
   
4,添加服务启动脚本  
\# cp nginx /etc/init.d/nginx  
\# cp php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm  
\# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx  
\# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm  
\# chkconfig --add nginx  
\# chkconfig --add php-fpm  
\# chkconfig nginx on  
\# chkconfig php-fpm on

三：安装Mysql  
   
3.1, 创建mysql安装目录  
   
1 \# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/  
   
3.2, 创建数据存放目录  
   
1 \# mkdir -p /data/mysql/  
   
3.3, 创建用户和用户组与赋予数据存放目录权限  
   
\# useradd mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin  
\# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql/  
   
3.4, 安装必要的组件  
   
\# yum -y install cmake  
\# yum -y install ncurses-devel  
   
3.5, 编译安装Mysql

tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.28

cmake . -DCMAKE\_INSTALL\_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DMYSQL\_UNIX\_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT\_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT\_COLLATION=utf8\_general\_ci -DWITH\_EXTRA\_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk -DWITH\_MYISAM\_STORAGE\_ENGINE=1 -DWITH\_INNOBASE\_STORAGE\_ENGINE=1 -DWITH\_MEMORY\_STORAGE\_ENGINE=1 -DWITH\_READLINE=1 -DENABLED\_LOCAL\_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL\_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL\_USER=mysql -DMYSQL\_TCP\_PORT=3306  
\# make && make install

安装完mysql服务器运行正常,但无法使用gbk字符集,系统装了中文支持,mysql重装了几次都不行.  
show character set里没有gbk;  
set names gbk 就提示错误 \#1115 - Unknown character set: 'gbk'  
  
\------------  
解决方案：  
  
上面的编译参数-DWITH\_EXTRA\_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk  
这个参数引起的问题  
方法一、去掉这个参数,默认值是支持all的charset   
方法二、直接改为-DWITH\_EXTRA\_CHARSETS=all

加入\-DDEFAULT\_COLLATION=utf8\_general\_ci选项后，启动mysql可能会有问题，须在my.cnf 文件 \[mysqld\]加入

character\_set\_server=utf8

3.6, 初始化 [数据库][Link 1]  
   
\# cd /opt/ [mysql][]  
\# scripts/mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/  
   
3.7, 配置环境  
   
\# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf（这里的my.cnf参考服务器的内存大小 一般my-medium.cnf是256M，my-large.cnf是512M）  
\# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql  
\# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql  
\# chkconfig mysql on  
\# export PATH=/opt/mysql/bin:$PATH //设置环境变量  
   
3.8, 启动并设置初始密码  
   
\# /etc/init.d/mysql start  
\# mysqladmin -uroot password '123123'  
   
进行再修改密码的语句  
1: UPDATE mysql.user SET Password = PASSWORD(‘newpwd’) WHERE User = ‘root’;(生新设置密码)

2: flush privileges;（刷新权限）

注：mysql日志文件保存在/data/mysql/下面，对应数据文件保存的路径（比如.err)。

四：安装memcached

## 1.下载libevent和memcached ##

> [http://memcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz][http_memcached.googlecode.com_files_memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz]  
> [https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.18-stable.tar.gz][https_github.com_downloads_libevent_libevent_libevent-2.0.18-stable.tar.gz]

2.安装libevent

> tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.18-stable.tar.gz  
> cd libevent-2.0.18-stable  
> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent  
> make && make install  
> cd ../

3.安装memcached

> tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz  
> cd memcached-1.4.13  
> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent/  
> make && make install  
> cd ..

4:安装Memcache的PHP扩展

(1).在http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache 选择相应想要下载的memcache版本。   
(2).安装PHP的memcache扩展

> tar vxzf memcache-2.2.6.tar.gz   
> cd memcache-2.2.6  
> /usr/local/php/bin/phpize   
> ./configure –enable-memcache –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config –with-zlib-dir   
> make   
> make install

(3).上述安装完后会有类似这样的提示：

> Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/

(4).把php.ini中的extension\_dir = “./”修改为

> extension\_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/”

(5).添加一行来载入memcache扩展：extension=memcache.so

5.启动并加入启动项

> /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -l 192.168.1.2 -u www -m 512 -c 10240 -p 12000 -P /tmp/memcached.pid

将以上加入到/etc/rc.local方便下次自动启动  
\*注：用户-u必须指定,在此处示例所用的是WEB用户www

6.使用telnet查看状态

> telnet 192.168.1.2 12000  
> stats \#查看运行状态  
> quit \#退出

**附注：**

php5.4.9启动命令：/opt/php/sbin/php-fpm

检测php运行进程 ps aux|grep php-fpm

php-fpm 关闭：  
kill -INT \`cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid\`

关闭后，需要 /opt/php/sbin/php-fpm启动；没有php-fpm.pid就用touch创建。  
php-fpm 重启：  
kill -USR2 \`cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid\`

Nginx 服务启动命令：/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

语法检测 /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t    检测nginx.conf文件语法；

php启动报错：

ERROR: [pool www] cannot get uid for user 'fpm'

需要在php-fpm上改动user=fpm

group=fpm

fpm改成nginx；（安装nginx的用户）

参考文章：[http://www.ericos.cn/1653.html][http_www.ericos.cn_1653.html]

[http://www.centos.bz/2012/03/heartbeat-drbd-nfs-keepalived-lnmp/][http_www.centos.bz_2012_03_heartbeat-drbd-nfs-keepalived-lnmp]

[http://blog.snsgou.com/post-761.html][http_blog.snsgou.com_post-761.html]

[php]: http://www.2cto.com/kf/web/php/
[Link 1]: http://www.2cto.com/database/
[mysql]: http://www.2cto.com/database/mysql/
[http_memcached.googlecode.com_files_memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz]: http://memcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz
[https_github.com_downloads_libevent_libevent_libevent-2.0.18-stable.tar.gz]: https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.18-stable.tar.gz
[http_www.ericos.cn_1653.html]: http://www.ericos.cn/1653.html
[http_www.centos.bz_2012_03_heartbeat-drbd-nfs-keepalived-lnmp]: http://www.centos.bz/2012/03/heartbeat-drbd-nfs-keepalived-lnmp/
[http_blog.snsgou.com_post-761.html]: http://blog.snsgou.com/post-761.html