VS Code开发Spring Boot + Cloud示例（六）综合示例（Consul + Config + Hystrix + RabbitMQ + Feign + Turbine）

比眉伴天荒 2022-05-14 07:17 273阅读 0赞

接下来直接做一个综合一些的示例，用上服务注册和发现、配置服务器、断路器、消息。

# 1 创建子项目 #

之前创建的子项目不需要了，按上几篇说的方法重新创建下列子项目：  
\- config-dashboard（配置服务器）  
\- breaker-dashboard（断路器监控）  
\- microservice1 （微服务1，主要演示服务提供者）  
\- microservice2 （微服务2，主要演示服务消费者）  
各个子项目的settings.gradle中name该成上面的名字，分别打开文件夹，自动生成项目相关文件。  
![这里写图片描述][70]  
![这里写图片描述][70 1]  
之后打开主项目文件夹，在settings.gradle中包含子项目

include 'config-dashboard'
    include 'breaker-dashboard'
    include 'microservice1'
    include 'microservice2'

![这里写图片描述][70 2]

# 2 增加依赖 #

### 2.1 主项目 ###

把通用依赖加到主项目的build.gradle

subprojects { //只应用在子项目（不包括主项目）中
        buildscript {
            ext {
                springBootVersion = '2.0.4.RELEASE'
                springCloudVersion = 'Finchley.RELEASE'
            }
            repositories {
                mavenCentral()
            }
            dependencies {
                classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
            }
        }
    
        apply plugin: 'java'
        apply plugin: 'eclipse' 
    // apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
    // apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'
    
        group = 'com.example'
        version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
        sourceCompatibility = 10 //自动生成的是1.8，我装的是jdk10，所以会有警告
    
        repositories {
            mavenCentral()
        }
    
        dependencies {
            compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter')
            runtime('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools')
            compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') //支持Web，包括了Spring MVC和嵌入式Tomcat
            compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator') //使微服务支持监控和管理
            testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
        }
    }

### 2.2 配置服务器 ###

### 2.3 断路器监控 ###

apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
    apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'
    
    dependencyManagement {
        imports {
            mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
        }
    }
    
    dependencies {
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix') //支持断路器
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard') //支持断路器监控
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-netflix-turbine') //支持断路器聚合监控(Hystrix Turbine)，不加starter就是不包含Eureka
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery') //consul发现服务
    }

### 2.4 微服务1 ###

apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
    apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'
    
    dependencyManagement {
        imports {
            mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
        }
    }
    
    dependencies {
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter')
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix') //支持断路器
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard') //支持断路器监控
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery') //支持consul发现服务
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-config') //支持配置服务
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp') //支持Spring Cloud Bus
    }

### 2.5 微服务2 ###

apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
    apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'
    
    dependencyManagement {
        imports {
            mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
        }
    }
    
    dependencies {
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter')
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery') //支持consul发现服务
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-config') //支持配置服务
        compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign') //支持feign消费服务
    }

# 3 完善配置服务器 #

### 3.1 application.yml ###

server:
        port: 8888 #配置服务器端口
    spring:
        cloud:
            consul:
                host: localhost #服务注册地址
                port: 8501 #服务注册端口
                discovery:
                    instance-id: config-server1 #服务实例id，同名服务做集群时id要不同
                    serviceName: config-server #服务名（serviceId），服务消费者根据这个名称找到服务
                    hostname: 192.168.3.115 #服务所在的IP，这里用局域网地址，则同网的其他机也能找到服务
            config:
                server:
                    native:
                        searchLocations: D:/Develop/Spring/spring-cloud-demo/config-dashboard/config-file #配置文件的目录
        profiles:
            active: native #配置文件在本地
        application:
            name: config-dashboard #app名称
    management:
        endpoints:
            web:
                exposure:
                    include: "*" #开放Actuator监控的所以服务

### 3.2 config-file/microservice1-dev.yml ###

微服务1连上配置服务器后会根据“name-profile”找配置文件，所以文件名用这个。

server:
        port: 8081 #微服务1端口
    spring:
        cloud:
            consul:
                host: localhost
                port: 8501
                discovery:
                    instance-id: microservice1-1
                    serviceName: microservice1
                    hostname: 192.168.3.115
            bus:
                enabled: true #开启总线
                trace:
                    enabled: true #开启自动刷新配置
        rabbitmq: #rabbitmq地址账号
            host: localhost 
            port: 5672
            username: guest
            password: guest
    management:
        endpoints:
            web:
                exposure:
                    include: "*"
    serviceName: service1 #配置示例

### 3.3 config-file/microservice2-dev.yml ###

server:
        port: 8082
    spring:
        cloud:
            consul:
                host: localhost
                port: 8501
                discovery:
                    register: false #这个微服务目前只演示服务消费者功能，所以不注册
            bus:
                enabled: true
                trace:
                    enabled: true
        rabbitmq:
            host: localhost
            port: 5672
            username: guest
            password: guest
    management:
        endpoints:
            web:
                exposure:
                    include: "*"
    serviceName: service2 #配置示例

### 3.4DemoApplication.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableConfigServer //开启配置服务器
    public class DemoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

配置服务器就开发好了。

# 4 完善断路器监控 #

### 4.1 application.yml ###

server:
        port: 8090 #断路器监控端口
    spring:
        application:
            name: service-turbine
        cloud:
            consul:
                host: localhost
                port: 8501
                discovery:
                    register: false #只作为消费者，不注册服务
    turbine:
        appConfig: microservice1 #监控微服务1
        clusterNameExpression: "'default'"
    management:
        endpoints:
            web:
                exposure:
                    include: "*"

### 4.2 DemoApplication.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.turbine.EnableTurbine;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableHystrix //开启断路器
    @EnableHystrixDashboard //开启断路器仪表盘
    @EnableCircuitBreaker //开启断路器
    @EnableTurbine //开启断路器聚合监控
    public class DemoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

断路器监控就开发好了。

# 5 完善微服务1 #

### 5.1 bootstrap.yml ###

把原来的application.yml改名为bootstrap.yml

spring:
        cloud:
            config: 
                uri: http://localhost:8888 #配置服务器地址
                profile: dev #可以看做事配置文件的类别，如dev，test，release
                label: master #可以看做是版本分支，默认是master
        application:
            name: microservice1 #app名称

### 5.2 DemoApplication.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient //开启注册服务
    @EnableHystrix //开启断路器
    @EnableCircuitBreaker //开启断路器
    @EnableHystrixDashboard //开启断路器监控
    public class DemoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

### 5.3 HelloController.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RefreshScope //开启配置更新
    @RestController
    public class HelloController {
    
        @Value("${serviceName}") //读配置文件的这个属性
        private String serviceName;
    
        @RequestMapping("/hello")
        @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "helloError") //指定断路器方法，断路器监控用
        public String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name", defaultValue = "Hugo") String name) {
            return "hello " + name + ", my name is " + serviceName;
        }
    
        public String helloError(String name) {
            return "hystrix,"+name+"!";
        }
    }

# 6 完善微服务2 #

### 6.1 bootstrap.yml ###

把原来的application.yml改名为bootstrap.yml

spring:
        cloud:
            config:
                uri: http://localhost:8888
                profile: dev
                label: master
        application:
            name: microservice2

### 6.2 DemoApplication.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient //开启注册服务
    @EnableFeignClients //开启feign消费服务
    public class DemoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

### 6.3 HelloController.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class HelloController {
    
        //因为这个Bean是在程序启动的时候注入的，编译器感知不到，报错不用管。
        @Autowired
        HelloService helloService;
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/hello")
        public String hello(@RequestParam String name) {
            return helloService.hello( name );
        }
    }

### 6.4 HelloService.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    
    @FeignClient(value = "microservice1", fallback = HelloServiceHystric.class) //访问微服务1，指定断路器类
    public interface HelloService {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
    }

### 6.5 HelloServiceHystric.java ###

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class HelloServiceHystric implements HelloService {  //实现feign client的断路器
        @Override
        public String hello(String name) {
            return "hystric "+name;
        }
    }

# 7 运行 #

### 7.1 启动consul服务 ###

docker run -d -h node1 --name node1 -p 8501:8500 consul agent -server -bootstrap -client 0.0.0.0 -ui

### 7.2 启动RabbitMQ ###

docker run -d -h rabbitmq --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:3-management

5672是RabbitMQ的通信端口，15672是管理页面端口

### 7.3 启动配置服务器 ###

{
                "type": "java",
                "name": "Debug (Launch)-DemoApplication<config-dashboard>",
                "request": "launch",
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                "console": "internalConsole",
                "stopOnEntry": false,
                "mainClass": "com.example.demo.DemoApplication",
                "args": "",
                "projectName": "config-dashboard"
            },

### 7.4 启动断路器监控 ###

{
                "type": "java",
                "name": "Debug (Launch)-DemoApplication<breaker-dashboard>",
                "request": "launch",
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                "console": "internalConsole",
                "stopOnEntry": false,
                "mainClass": "com.example.demo.DemoApplication",
                "args": "",
                "projectName": "breaker-dashboard"
            },

### 7.5 启动微服务1 ###

{
                "type": "java",
                "name": "Debug (Launch)-DemoApplication<microservice1>",
                "request": "launch",
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                "console": "internalConsole",
                "stopOnEntry": false,
                "mainClass": "com.example.demo.DemoApplication",
                "args": "",
                "projectName": "microservice1"
            },

### 7.6 启动微服务2 ###

{
                "type": "java",
                "name": "Debug (Launch)-DemoApplication<microservice2>",
                "request": "launch",
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                "console": "internalConsole",
                "stopOnEntry": false,
                "mainClass": "com.example.demo.DemoApplication",
                "args": "",
                "projectName": "microservice2" }

# 8 检验运行结果 #

### 8.1 Consul服务 ###

访问：[http://localhost:8501][http_localhost_8501]  
![这里写图片描述][70 3]

### 8.2 RabbitMQ ###

访问：[http://localhost:15672][http_localhost_15672]  
![这里写图片描述][70 4]

### 8.3 配置服务器 ###

访问：[http://localhost:8888/microservice1/dev][http_localhost_8888_microservice1_dev]  
![这里写图片描述][70 5]

### 8.4 微服务1 ###

访问：[http://localhost:8081/hello][http_localhost_8081_hello]  
![这里写图片描述][70 6]  
出来service1，说明读到了配置。

### 8.5微服务2 ###

访问：[http://localhost:8082/hello?name=aa][http_localhost_8082_hello_name_aa]，name随意  
![这里写图片描述][70 7]  
出来的是请求微服务1返回的内容。

### 8.6 断路器监控 ###

访问：[http://localhost:8081/hystrix][http_localhost_8081_hystrix]  
![这里写图片描述][70 8]  
在Hystrix Dashboard下面输入[http://localhost:8090/turbine.stream][http_localhost_8090_turbine.stream]，点击MonitorStream（直接访问[http://localhost:8081/hystrix/monitor?stream=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8090%2Fturbine.stream][http_localhost_8081_hystrix_monitor_stream_http_3A_2F_2Flocalhost_3A8090_2Fturbine.stream]也可以）  
![这里写图片描述][70 9]  
这里已经把监控聚合。  
访问：[http://localhost:8090/turbine.stream][http_localhost_8090_turbine.stream]  
![这里写图片描述][70 10]

### 8.7 修改配置 ###

把配置服务器下config-file/microserver1-dev.yml的serviceName: service1改为service11  
打开postman，输入[http://localhost:8081/actuator/bus-refresh][http_localhost_8081_actuator_bus-refresh]（因为这个链接不支持get，所以要用post工具，详细使用方法见[Postman 使用方法详解][Postman]），发送。  
![这里写图片描述][70 11]  
再访问[http://localhost:8081/hello][http_localhost_8081_hello]  
![这里写图片描述][70 12]  
配置以更新。

> 主要参考文章：[史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程 | 终章][SpringCloud _ _]

[70]: /images/20220514/08c5869780b948809d5081a66a2fa8b9.png
[70 1]: /images/20220514/4379282d7f8d448c92b5f5e266b1312d.png
[70 2]: /images/20220514/7c88b8d44c684b1caffc932702b6d7cd.png
[http_localhost_8501]: http://localhost:8501
[70 3]: /images/20220514/c876bf6058964b939473c2e134d7c75a.png
[http_localhost_15672]: http://localhost:15672
[70 4]: /images/20220514/dfc1c4c26a76468486ee552e7b1d3a2d.png
[http_localhost_8888_microservice1_dev]: http://localhost:8888/microservice1/dev
[70 5]: /images/20220514/5717101ee4df41f9beaf588b6845e859.png
[http_localhost_8081_hello]: http://localhost:8081/hello
[70 6]: /images/20220514/5ffce83b86154ee688c61e31b175a453.png
[http_localhost_8082_hello_name_aa]: http://localhost:8082/hello?name=aa
[70 7]: /images/20220514/52dbb906c1f041afadc396d8ab2c480a.png
[http_localhost_8081_hystrix]: http://localhost:8081/hystrix
[70 8]: /images/20220514/877d384eb9d14f38a0dadce8fc0ece2a.png
[http_localhost_8090_turbine.stream]: http://localhost:8090/turbine.stream
[http_localhost_8081_hystrix_monitor_stream_http_3A_2F_2Flocalhost_3A8090_2Fturbine.stream]: http://localhost:8081/hystrix/monitor?stream=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8090%2Fturbine.stream
[70 9]: /images/20220514/0074234e0f584c6b8823bb53b468e185.png
[70 10]: /images/20220514/06c7882a9d444629baf8c58fcf00ecb1.png
[http_localhost_8081_actuator_bus-refresh]: http://localhost:8081/actuator/bus-refresh
[Postman]: https://blog.csdn.net/fxbin123/article/details/80428216
[70 11]: /images/20220514/b22a627638d8440db7b00ae3fa6bec33.png
[70 12]: /images/20220514/68328a31ce5341f6bcded3337f1f17a0.png
[SpringCloud _ _]: https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70148833