Junit4中的新断言assertThat的使用方法

傷城~ 2022-05-05 23:46 234阅读 0赞

如果需要是用assertThat需要在项目中引入junit4的jar包.(匹配器和断言方法在junit4的jar包中都能找到，引入就可以了)

下面是常用断言的代码

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.*;
    import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;   
     import java.util.ArrayList;
     import java.util.HashMap;
     import java.util.List;
     import java.util.Map;
      
     import org.junit.Before;
     import org.junit.Test;
      
     import com.lyh.share.model.User;
      
     public class UserDaoTest {
              
             private User test1;
             private User test2;
              
             @Before
             public void init(){
                     test1 = new User();
                     test1.setUsername("tt1");
                     test1.setPassword("123");
                     test1.setShares(50);
                     test2 = new User();
                     test2.setUsername("tt2");
                     test2.setPassword("321");
                     test2.setShares(20);
             }
              
             @Test
             public void findUser(){
                      
                     /**数值匹配**/
                     //测试变量是否大于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), greaterThan(50));
                     //测试变量是否小于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), lessThan(100));
                     //测试变量是否大于等于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), greaterThanOrEqualTo(50));
                     //测试变量是否小于等于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), lessThanOrEqualTo(100));
                      
                     //测试所有条件必须成立
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), allOf(greaterThan(50),lessThan(100)));
                     //测试只要有一个条件成立
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), anyOf(greaterThanOrEqualTo(50), lessThanOrEqualTo(100)));
                     //测试无论什么条件成立(还没明白这个到底是什么意思)
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), anything());
                     //测试变量值等于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), is(100));
                     //测试变量不等于指定值
                     assertThat(test1.getShares(), not(50));
                      
                     /**字符串匹配**/
                     String url = "http://www.taobao.com";
                     //测试变量是否包含指定字符
                     assertThat(url, containsString("taobao"));
                     //测试变量是否已指定字符串开头
                     assertThat(url, startsWith("http://"));
                     //测试变量是否以指定字符串结尾
                     assertThat(url, endsWith(".com"));
                     //测试变量是否等于指定字符串
                     assertThat(url, equalTo("http://www.taobao.com"));
                     //测试变量再忽略大小写的情况下是否等于指定字符串
                     assertThat(url, equalToIgnoringCase("http://www.taobao.com"));
                     //测试变量再忽略头尾任意空格的情况下是否等于指定字符串
                     assertThat(url, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace("http://www.taobao.com"));
                      
                      
                     /**集合匹配**/
                      
                     List<User> user = new ArrayList<User>();
                     user.add(test1);
                     user.add(test2);
                      
                     //测试集合中是否还有指定元素
                     assertThat(user, hasItem(test1));
                     assertThat(user, hasItem(test2));
      
                     /**Map匹配**/
                     Map<String,User> userMap = new HashMap<String,User>();
                     userMap.put(test1.getUsername(), test1);
                     userMap.put(test2.getUsername(), test2);
                      
                     //测试map中是否还有指定键值对
                     assertThat(userMap, hasEntry(test1.getUsername(), test1));
                     //测试map中是否还有指定键
                     assertThat(userMap, hasKey(test2.getUsername()));
                     //测试map中是否还有指定值
                     assertThat(userMap, hasValue(test2));
             }
              
     }

**㈠ 一般匹配符**  
  
1、allOf

匹配符表明如果接下来的**所有条件必须都成立**测试才通过，相当于“与”（&&）  
assertThat( testedNumber, allOf( greaterThan(8), lessThan(16) ) );  
2、anyOf

匹配符表明如果接下来的**所有条件只要有一个成立**则测试通过，相当于“或”（||）  
assertThat( testedNumber, anyOf( greaterThan(16), lessThan(8) ) );  
3、anything

匹配符表明**无论什么条件，永远为true**  
assertThat( testedNumber, anything() );  
4、is

匹配符表明如果**前面待测的object等于后面给出的object**，则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, is( "developerWorks" ) );  
5、not

匹配符和is匹配符正好相反，表明如果**前面待测的object不等于后面给出的object**，则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, not( "developerWorks" ) );  
  
**㈡ 字符串相关匹配符**  
  
1、containsString

匹配符表明如果**测试的字符串testedString 包含 子字符串"developerWorks"**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, containsString( "developerWorks" ) );  
2、endsWith

匹配符表明如果**测试的字符串testedString以子字符串"developerWorks"结尾**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, endsWith( "developerWorks" ) );  
3、startsWith

匹配符表明如果**测试的字符串testedString以子字符串"developerWorks"开始**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, startsWith( "developerWorks" ) );  
4、equalTo

匹配符表明如果**测试的testedValue等于expectedValue**则测试通过，**equalTo可以测试数值之间，字符串**

**之间和对象之间是否相等**，相当于Object的equals方法  
assertThat( testedValue, equalTo( expectedValue ) );  
5、equalToIgnoringCase

匹配符表明如果**测试的字符串testedString在忽略大小写的情况下等于"developerWorks"**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedString, equalToIgnoringCase( "developerWorks" ) );  
6、equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace

匹配符表明如果**测试的字符串testedString在忽略头尾的任意个空格的情况下等于"developerWorks"**则

测试通过，注意：字符串中的空格不能被忽略  
assertThat( testedString, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace( "developerWorks" ) );  
  
**㈢ 数值相关匹配符**  
  
1、closeTo

匹配符表明如果所**测试的浮点型数testedDouble在20.0±0.5范围之内**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedDouble, closeTo( 20.0, 0.5 ) );  
2、greaterThan

匹配符表明如果所**测试的数值testedNumber大于16.0**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedNumber, greaterThan(16.0) );  
3、lessThan

匹配符表明如果所**测试的数值testedNumber小于16.0**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedNumber, lessThan (16.0) );  
4、greaterThanOrEqualTo

匹配符表明如果所**测试的数值testedNumber大于等于16.0**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedNumber, greaterThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );  
5、lessThanOrEqualTo

匹配符表明如果所**测试的数值testedNumber小于等于16.0**则测试通过  
assertThat( testedNumber, lessThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );  
  
**㈣ collection相关匹配符**  
  
1、hasEntry

匹配符表明如果**测试的Map对象mapObject含有一个键值为"key"对应元素值为"value"的Entry项**则测试通过  
assertThat( mapObject, hasEntry( "key", "value" ) );  
2、hasItem

匹配符表明如果**测试的迭代对象iterableObject含有元素“element”项**则测试通过  
assertThat( iterableObject, hasItem ( "element" ) );  
3、hasKey

匹配符表明如果**测试的Map对象mapObject含有键值“key”**则测试通过  
assertThat( mapObject, hasKey ( "key" ) );  
4、hasValue

匹配符表明如果**测试的Map对象mapObject含有元素值“value”**则测试通过  
assertThat( mapObject, hasValue ( "key" ) );

转自：[飘飘雪][Link 1]