SpringBoot学习--异步接口的配置和调用

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-05-04 03:30 376阅读 0赞

# SpringBoot学习–异步接口的配置和调用 #

## 总体概述 ##

1.  **搭建基础SpringBoot环境。**
2.  **添加异步配置类AsyncConfig.java。**
3.  **添加测试Controller。**
4.  **添加测试Service。**
5.  **使用@Async将方法注解为异步方法。**

## 搭建SpringBoot环境 ##

建立maven项目。向pom.xml文件引入相关依赖

<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    	</parent>
    	
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>

## 配置类AsyncConfig.java ##

1.  @Configuration注解为配置类
2.  @EnableAsync开启异步
3.  继承AsyncConfigurer类
4.  设置线程相关参数

package com.pzr.demo.config;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
    
    import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
    
    /** * 异步配置类 * * @author ASUS * */
    @Configuration
    @EnableAsync
    public class AsyncConfig implements AsyncConfigurer { 
    
    	@Override
    	public Executor getAsyncExecutor() { 
    		// 线程池
    		ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
    		taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);//线程池核心线程数，控制每次开启子线程数量
    		taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);//线程池维护线程的最大数量
    		taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(25);//线程池所使用的缓冲队列
    		taskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(30000);//线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间
    		taskExecutor.initialize();
    		return taskExecutor;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() { 
    		return null;
    	}
    }

## 控制层类AsyncController.java ##

**包含两个例子（1：所有方法异步:。2：先异步，后集体等待，最后执行下异步操作。）**

package com.pzr.demo.controller;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    import com.pzr.demo.service.AsyncService;
    
    /** * 异步请求 控制层 * @author ASUS * */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("asyncController")
    public class AsyncController { 
    	
    	@Autowired
    	AsyncService asyncService;
    	
    	/** * 异步 * @return */
    	@RequestMapping("asyncTest")
    	@ResponseBody
    	public String asyncTest(){ 
    		Date start = new Date();
    		asyncService.task1();
    		asyncService.task2();
    		asyncService.task3();
    		String resultStr = "主函数耗时："+((new Date()).getTime() - start.getTime());
    		System.out.println(resultStr);
    		return resultStr;
    	}
    	
    	/** * 先异步，后集体等待再执行下一步 * @return */
    	@RequestMapping("cyclicBarrierTest")
    	@ResponseBody
    	public String cyclicBarrierTest(){ 
    		Date start = new Date();
    		Future<String> task1 = asyncService.task1();
    		Future<String> task2 = asyncService.task2();
    		Future<String> task3 = asyncService.task3();
    		while(true){ 
    			if(task1.isDone() && task2.isDone() && task3.isDone()){ 
    				break;
    			}
    			try { 
    				Thread.sleep(1000);
    			} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			}
    		}
    		String resultStr = "主函数耗时："+((new Date()).getTime() - start.getTime());
    		System.out.println(resultStr);
    		return resultStr;
    	}	
    }

## 业务层接口AsyncService.java ##

package com.pzr.demo.service;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;
    
    /** * 异步请求 业务层 * @author ASUS * */
    public interface AsyncService { 
    	
    	public Future<String> task1();
    	public Future<String> task2();
    	public Future<String> task3();
    	
    }

## 业务层实现类AsyncServiceImpl.java ##

package com.pzr.demo.service.impl;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;
    
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncResult;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import com.pzr.demo.service.AsyncService;
    
    @Service
    public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService { 
    
    	@Override
    	@Async
    	public Future<String> task1() { 
    		Future<String> result =null;
    		try { 
    			Thread.sleep(10000);
    			System.out.println("任务1：耗时10秒"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
    			result =new AsyncResult<String>("任务1执行完毕"); 
    		} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	@Async
    	public Future<String> task2() { 
    		Future<String> result =null;
    		try { 
    			Thread.sleep(5000);
    			System.out.println("任务2：耗时5秒"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
    			result =new AsyncResult<String>("任务2执行完毕"); 
    		} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	@Async
    	public Future<String> task3() { 
    		Future<String> result =null;
    		try { 
    			Thread.sleep(15000);
    			System.out.println("任务3：耗时15秒"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
    			result =new AsyncResult<String>("任务3执行完毕"); 
    		} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    
    }

## 结果 ##

**全部异步**  
可以看出主线程不会受到子线程的影响，第一个完成并返回数据，子线程根据睡眠时间长短依次打印。

主函数耗时：4
    任务2：耗时5秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2
    任务1：耗时10秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1
    任务3：耗时15秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3

**先异步，后集体等待执行下一步**  
可以看出任务1,2,3是异步执行的，主线程等待子线程完成后再进行打印，总耗时接近于耗时最长的子线程时间。

任务2：耗时5秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5
    任务1：耗时10秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4
    任务3：耗时15秒ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2
    主函数耗时：15008

## 参考 ##

[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_41396619/article/details/81005084][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_41396619_article_details_81005084]  
[https://blog.csdn.net/v2sking/article/details/72795742][https_blog.csdn.net_v2sking_article_details_72795742]

## 项目GIT地址 ##

[https://gitee.com/flygoa/springbootdemo1.git][https_gitee.com_flygoa_springbootdemo1.git]

[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_41396619_article_details_81005084]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41396619/article/details/81005084
[https_blog.csdn.net_v2sking_article_details_72795742]: https://blog.csdn.net/v2sking/article/details/72795742
[https_gitee.com_flygoa_springbootdemo1.git]: https://gitee.com/flygoa/springbootdemo1.git