Linux Centos7安装mysql5.7详细教程【tar包安装】

矫情吗；* 2022-04-25 00:50 914阅读 0赞

## 一. 准备资源 ##

### 1.准备资源，去官网下载mysql的tar包 ###

1.1点击进入官网地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads]

1.2 选择community

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3MzA2MDQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

1.3 选择5.7对应的版本下载

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3MzA2MDQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

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### 2.上传tar包到服务器 ###

/usr/local/

![20190430104533453.png][]

## 二.开始安装 ##

### 3.卸载系统自带的Mariadb ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
    mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64

### 4.删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
    rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory

### 5.检查mysql是否存在 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]#

### 6.检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql 
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]#  cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

### 7.创建mysql用户组 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# groupadd mysql

###    8.创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

###    9.制定password 为111111 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# passwd mysql
    Changing password for user mysql.
    New password: 
    BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
    Retype new password: 
    passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

### 10.准备解压安装/usr/local ###

root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql57
    
    #更改所属的组和用户
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chown -R mysql mysql57/
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql57/
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# cd mysql57/
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# mkdir data
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

### 11 在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件内添加以下配置 ###

[mysql]
    # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
    default-character-set=utf8 
    [mysqld]
    skip-name-resolve
    #设置3306端口
    port = 3306 
    # 设置mysql的安装目录
    basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
    # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
    # 允许最大连接数
    max_connections=200
    # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
    character-set-server=utf8
    # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
    default-storage-engine=INNODB 
    lower_case_table_names=1
    max_allowed_packet=16M

### 12. 安装和初始化 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/var/mysql57/data/
    2017-04-17 17:40:02 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
    2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
    2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] 2017-04-17T09:40:02.728710Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
    2017-04-17T09:40:02.729161Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
    2017-04-17T09:40:02.729167Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

### 13.重启 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

### 14.设置开机启动 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --add mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# service mysqld status
     SUCCESS! MySQL running (4475)

### 15.设置环境变量etc/profile/ ###

export PATH=$PATH:/var/mysql57/bin
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# source /etc/profile

### 16. 获得初始密码 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  
    # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02 
    _pB*3VZl5T<6

### 17. 修改密码 ###

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 5
    Server version: 5.7.18
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111');
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

### 18 .添加远程访问权限 ###

在本机先使用root用户登录mysql： mysql -u root -p"youpassword" 进行授权操作：
    
    mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    
    重载授权表：
    
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    
    退出mysql数据库：
    
    exit

### 19.重启生效 ###

/bin/systemctl restart  mysql.service
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

### 20. 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql ###

ln -s /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysql   /usr/bin/mysql

## 三.开启外部访问数据库 ##

21. 开放防火墙端口

firewall-cmd --list-all

22.开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp

23.查看3306端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp

24.次查看现在防火墙

firewall-cmd --list-all

[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
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[20190430104533453.png]: /images/20220210/c2bcadf186bf40a68748cba95bd8ca5b.png