Spring Framework集成FTP文件上传下载

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-04-24 12:38 179阅读 0赞

## Spring Framework集成FTP文件上传下载 ##

### 1.实现背景及现实意义 ###

在系统晚间批量的时候需要从核心系统同步借据详情、还款流水、五级分类等相关信息。如果所有的信息同步使用rpc调用，功能固然可以实现，但是从效率和核心系统的压力来看是不合算的，所以此间设计批量文件的传输。主要目的是提高系统交互的效率，减少系统压力，增加数据的一致性。

### 2.什么是ftp文件传输 ###

FTP（File Transfer Protocol）是文件传输协议的简称。正如其名所示：FTP的主要作用，就是让用户连接上一个远程计算机（这些计算机上运行着FTP服务器程序）察看远程计算机有哪些文件，然后把文件从远程计算机上拷到本地计算机，或把本地计算机的文件送到远程计算机去。

FTP是早期互联网协议(注：IP协议组)中的一个，FTP协议是设计用在当时还比较封闭的互联网上传输文件，当时互联网只是互连了一些大学、政府 机构和设计该互联网模型的一些商业公司。FTP在当今网络上，特别是在安全问题比较严重的网络上（如互联网Internet）的行为模式是有一些问题的。

#### 2.1文件传输的特点 ####

FTP支持两种方式的传输：文本（ASCII）方式和二进制（Binary）方式。通常文本文件的传输采用ASCII方式，而图象、声音文件、加密和压缩文件等非文本文件采用二进制方式传输，如果为了从一个系统上传输文件而使用了与本地系统不同的计算机字节位数，那么就必须使用Tenex模式。FTP以ASCII方式作为缺省的文件传输方式。

#### 2.2ftp的两种传输模式 ####

主动（FTP Port）模式和被动（FTP Passive）模式。

主动FTP对FTP服务器的管理有利，但对客户端的管理不利。因为FTP服务器企图与客户端的高位随机端口建立连接，而这个端口很有可能被客户端的防火墙阻塞掉。被动FTP对FTP客户端的管理有利，但对服务器端的管理不利。因为客户端要与服务器端建立两个连接，其中一个连到一个高位随机端口，而这个端口很有可能被服务器端的防火墙阻塞掉。既然FTP服务器的管理员需要他们的服务器有最多的客户连接，那么必须得支持被动FTP。我们可以通过为FTP服务器指定一个有限的端口范围来减小服务器高位端口的暴露。这样，不在这个范围的任何端口会被服务器的防火墙阻塞。虽然这没有消除所有针对服务器的危险，但它大大减少了危险。

### 3.ftp文件传输在java中的实现 ###

#### 3.1Maven依赖 ####

...
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
        <version>3.5</version>
    </dependency>
    ...

#### 3.2ftp相关config封装 ####

/** * @ClassName: FtpConfig * @Description: ftp参数集合封装 * @Author: 尚先生 * @CreateDate: 2019/4/22 8:30 * @Version: 1.0 */
    public class FtpConfig { 
    
        private String server;
        private int port;
        private String username;
        private String password;
    
        // 客户端模式:
        private int clientMode;
    
        // 文件传输类型
        private int fileType = FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE;
    
        // 缓存大小
        private int bufferSize = 2048;
    
        private String path;
    
        public String getServer() { 
            return server;
        }
    
        public void setServer(String server) { 
            this.server = server;
        }
    
        public int getPort() { 
            return port;
        }
    
        public void setPort(int port) { 
            this.port = port;
        }
    
        public String getUsername() { 
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) { 
            this.username = username;
        }
    
        public String getPassword() { 
            return password;
        }
    
        public void setPassword(String password) { 
            this.password = password;
        }
    
        public String getPath() { 
            return path;
        }
    
        public void setPath(String path) { 
            this.path = path;
        }
    
        public int getClientMode() { 
            return clientMode;
        }
    
        public void setClientMode(int clientMode) { 
            this.clientMode = clientMode;
        }
    
        public int getFileType() { 
            return fileType;
        }
    
        public void setFileType(int fileType) { 
            this.fileType = fileType;
        }
    
        public int getBufferSize() { 
            return bufferSize;
        }
    
        public void setBufferSize(int bufferSize) { 
            this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
        }
    }

#### 3.3ftp工具类实现 ####

/** * @ClassName: FtpClientUtils * @Description: ftp工具类 * @Author: 尚先生 * @CreateDate: 2019/4/23 9:10 * @Version: 1.0 */
    public class FtpClientUtils { 
    
        private Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FtpClientUtils.class);
    
        private FtpConfig ftpConfig;
    
        private String controlEncoding = "UTF-8";
    
        private String localFileEncoding = "UTF-8";
    
        private String sendFtpFileNameEncoding = "iso-8859-1";
    
        /** * 连接ftp服务器 * @throws SocketException * @throws IOException */
        private boolean connectServer(FTPClient ftpClient) throws SocketException,
                IOException { 
            boolean isConnected = false;
            String server = ftpConfig.getServer();
            int port = ftpConfig.getPort();
            String user = ftpConfig.getUsername();
            String password = ftpConfig.getPassword();
            String path = ftpConfig.getPath();
            ftpClient.connect(server, port);
            LOGGER.info("连接发图片文件服务器 " + server + ".");
            if (FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(ftpClient.getReplyCode())) { 
                if (ftpClient.login(user, password)) { 
                    //如果服务器支持就用UTF-8编码,否则就使用本地编码
                    if (FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(ftpClient.sendCommand("OPTS UTF8", "ON"))) { 
                        localFileEncoding = "UTF-8";
                    }
                    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(path)) { 
                        ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(path);
                    }
                    isConnected = true;
                }
            }
            return isConnected;
        }
    
        /** * 断开与远程服务器的连接 * @throws IOException */
        private void disconnect(FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            if (ftpClient.isConnected()) { 
                ftpClient.disconnect();
            }
        }
    
        /** * 功能: 改变工作目录 * @param path * @return * @throws IOException */
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        private boolean changeDirectory(String path, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            return ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(path);
        }
    
        /** * 功能: 创建目录 * @param pathName * @return * @throws IOException */
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        private boolean createDirectory(String pathName, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            return ftpClient.makeDirectory(pathName);
        }
    
        /** * 功能: 删除目录 * @param path * @return * @throws IOException */
        private boolean removeDirectory(String path, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            return ftpClient.removeDirectory(path);
        }
    
        /** * 功能: 可递归删除目录 * @param path * @param isAll * @return * @throws IOException */
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        private boolean removeDirectory(String path, boolean isAll, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            if (!isAll) { 
                return removeDirectory(path, ftpClient);
            }
            FTPFile[] ftpFileArr = ftpClient.listFiles(path);
            if (ftpFileArr == null || ftpFileArr.length == 0) { 
                return removeDirectory(path, ftpClient);
            }
    
            for (FTPFile ftpFile : ftpFileArr) { 
                String name = ftpFile.getName();
                if (ftpFile.isDirectory()) { 
                    LOGGER.info("* 删除子目录 [" + path + "/" + name + "]");
                    if (!ftpFile.getName().equals(".")
                            && (!ftpFile.getName().equals(".."))) { 
                        removeDirectory(path + "/" + name, true, ftpClient);
                    }
                } else if (ftpFile.isFile()) { 
                    LOGGER.info("删除文件 [" + path + "/" + name + "]");
                    deleteFile(path + "/" + name, ftpClient);
                } else if (ftpFile.isSymbolicLink()) { 
                } else if (ftpFile.isUnknown()) { 
                }
            }
            return ftpClient.removeDirectory(path);
    
        }
    
        /** * 查看目录是否存在 * @param path * @return * @throws IOException */
        private boolean isDirectoryExists(String path, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            boolean flag = false;
            FTPFile[] ftpFileArr = ftpClient.listFiles(path);
            for (FTPFile ftpFile : ftpFileArr) { 
                if (ftpFile.isDirectory() && ftpFile.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(path)) { 
                    flag = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            return flag;
    
        }
    
        /** * 得到某个目录下的文件名列表 * @param path * @return * @throws IOException */
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        private List<String> getFileList(String path, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            FTPFile[] ftpFiles = ftpClient.listFiles(path);
            List<String> retList = new ArrayList<String>();
            if (ftpFiles == null || ftpFiles.length == 0) { 
                return retList;
            }
    
            for (FTPFile ftpFile : ftpFiles) { 
                if (ftpFile.isFile()) { 
                    retList.add(ftpFile.getName());
                }
            }
            return retList;
        }
    
        /** * 功能: 删除文件 * @param pathName * @return * @throws IOException */
        private boolean deleteFile(String pathName, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            return ftpClient.deleteFile(pathName);
        }
    
    
        /** * 功能: 下载文件 * @param sourceFileName * @return * @throws IOException */
        private InputStream downFile(String sourceFileName, FTPClient ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            return ftpClient.retrieveFileStream(sourceFileName);
        }
    
        /** * 两种支持的模式 */
        private void updateClientMode(FTPClient client) { 
            int clientMode = ftpConfig.getClientMode();
            switch (clientMode) { 
                case FTPClient.ACTIVE_LOCAL_DATA_CONNECTION_MODE:
                    // 主动模式
                    client.enterLocalActiveMode();
                    break;
                case FTPClient.PASSIVE_LOCAL_DATA_CONNECTION_MODE:
                    // 被动模式
                    client.enterLocalPassiveMode();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    
    
        /** * 从FTP服务器上下载文件,支持断点续传，下载百分比汇报 * @param remote 远程文件路径及名称 * @param local 本地文件完整绝对路径 * @return 下载的状态 * @throws IOException */
        public DownloadStatus download(String remote, String local) throws IOException { 
            DownloadStatus result = DownloadStatus.serverConntionFail;
            FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
            try { 
                if (connectServer(ftpClient)) { 
                    updateClientMode(ftpClient);
                    // 设置以二进制方式传输
                    ftpClient.setFileType(ftpConfig.getFileType());
                    ftpClient.setBufferSize(ftpClient.getBufferSize());
                    // 检查远程文件是否存在
                    FTPFile[] files = ftpClient.listFiles(new String(remote.getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding));
                    if (files.length != 1) { 
                        LOGGER.info("远程文件[{}]不存在", new Object[]{ remote});
                        return DownloadStatus.RemoteFileNotExist;
                    }
                    long lRemoteSize = files[0].getSize();
                    File localFile = new File(local);
                    // 先删除本地文件,不需要断点续传功能
                    localFile.delete();
                    OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(localFile);
                    InputStream in = ftpClient.retrieveFileStream(new String(remote.getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding));
                    byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                    long step = lRemoteSize / 100;
                    // 文件过小，step可能为0
                    step = step == 0 ? 1 : step;
                    long process = 0;
                    long localSize = 0L;
                    int c;
                    while ((c = in.read(bytes)) != -1) { 
                        out.write(bytes, 0, c);
                        localSize += c;
                        long nowProcess = localSize / step;
                        if (nowProcess > process) { 
                            process = nowProcess;
                            if (process % 10 == 0) { 
                                LOGGER.info("下载进度：" + process);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    in.close();
                    out.close();
                    boolean upNewStatus = ftpClient.completePendingCommand();
                    if (upNewStatus) { 
                        result = DownloadStatus.DownloadNewSuccess;
                    } else { 
                        result = DownloadStatus.DownloadNewFailed;
                    }
                }
                return result;
            } finally { 
                disconnect(ftpClient);
            }
    
        }
    
        /** * 上传文件到FTP服务器，支持断点续传 * @param local 本地文件名称，绝对路径 * @param remote 远程文件路径，按照Linux上的路径指定方式，支持多级目录嵌套，支持递归创建不存在的目录结构 * @return 上传结果 * @throws IOException */
        public UploadStatus upload(String local, String remote) throws IOException { 
            UploadStatus result = UploadStatus.serverConntionFail;
            FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
            try { 
                if (connectServer(ftpClient)) { 
                    // 设置PassiveMode传输
                    ftpClient.enterLocalPassiveMode();
                    // 设置以二进制流的方式传输
                    ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
                    ftpClient.setControlEncoding(controlEncoding);
                    // 对远程目录的处理
                    String remoteFileName = remote;
                    if (remote.contains("/")) { 
                        remoteFileName = remote.substring(remote.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                        // 创建服务器远程目录结构，创建失败直接返回
                        if (createDirecroty(remote, ftpClient) == UploadStatus.CreateDirectoryFail) { 
                            return UploadStatus.CreateDirectoryFail;
                        }
                    }
                    // 检查远程是否存在文件
                    FTPFile[] files = ftpClient.listFiles(new String(remoteFileName.getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding));
                    if (files.length == 1) { 
                        ftpClient.deleteFile(remoteFileName);
                        File localFile = new File(local);
                        // 尝试移动文件内读取指针,实现断点续传
                        result = uploadFile(remoteFileName, localFile, ftpClient, 0);
                        // 如果断点续传没有成功，则删除服务器上文件，重新上传
                        if (result == UploadStatus.UploadFromBreakFailed) { 
                            if (!ftpClient.deleteFile(remoteFileName)) { 
                                return UploadStatus.DeleteRemoteFaild;
                            }
    
                            result = uploadFile(remoteFileName, localFile, ftpClient, 0);
                        }
                    } else { 
                        result = uploadFile(remoteFileName, new File(local), ftpClient, 0);
                    }
    
                }
                return result;
            } finally { 
                disconnect(ftpClient);
            }
        }
    
        /** * 递归创建远程服务器目录 * @param remote 远程服务器文件绝对路径 * @param _ftpClient FTPClient对象 * @return 目录创建是否成功 * @throws IOException */
        private UploadStatus createDirecroty(String remote, FTPClient _ftpClient) throws IOException { 
            UploadStatus status = UploadStatus.CreateDirectorySuccess;
            String directory = remote.substring(0, remote.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
            if (!directory.equals("/") &&
                    !_ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(new String(directory.getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding))) { 
                // 如果远程目录不存在，则递归创建远程服务器目录
                int start = 0;
                int end = 0;
                if (directory.startsWith("/")) { 
                    start = 1;
                } else { 
                    start = 0;
                }
    
                end = directory.indexOf("/", start);
                while (true) { 
                    String subDirectory = new String(remote.substring(start, end).getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding);
                    if (!_ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(subDirectory)) { 
                        if (_ftpClient.makeDirectory(subDirectory)) { 
                            _ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(subDirectory);
                        } else { 
                            LOGGER.info("创建目录失败");
                            return UploadStatus.CreateDirectoryFail;
                        }
                    }
                    start = end + 1;
                    end = directory.indexOf("/", start);
                    // 检查所有目录是否创建完毕
                    if (end <= start) { 
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
    
            return status;
        }
    
        /** * 上传文件到服务器,新上传和断点续传 * @param remoteFile 远程文件名，在上传之前已经将服务器工作目录做了改变 * @param localFile 本地文件File句柄，绝对路径 * @param _ftpClient FTPClient引用 * @return remoteSize 远程大小 * @throws IOException */
        private UploadStatus uploadFile(String remoteFile, File localFile, FTPClient _ftpClient, long remoteSize) throws IOException { 
            // 显示进度的上传
            UploadStatus status = null;
            LOGGER.info("localFile.length():" + localFile.length());
            long step = localFile.length() / 100;
            // 文件过小，step可能为0
            step = step == 0 ? 1 : step;
            long process = 0;
            long localreadbytes = 0L;
            RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile, "r");
            OutputStream out = _ftpClient.appendFileStream(new String(remoteFile.getBytes(localFileEncoding), sendFtpFileNameEncoding));
            // 断点续传
            if (remoteSize > 0) { 
                _ftpClient.setRestartOffset(remoteSize);
                process = remoteSize / step;
                raf.seek(remoteSize);
                localreadbytes = remoteSize;
            }
    
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int c;
            while ((c = raf.read(bytes)) != -1) { 
                out.write(bytes, 0, c);
                localreadbytes += c;
                if (localreadbytes / step != process) { 
                    process = localreadbytes / step;
                    if (process % 10 == 0) { 
                        LOGGER.info("文件上传进度：" + process);
                    }
                }
            }
    
            out.flush();
            raf.close();
            out.close();
            boolean result = _ftpClient.completePendingCommand();
            if (remoteSize > 0) { 
                status = result ? UploadStatus.UploadFromBreakSuccess : UploadStatus.UploadFromBreakFailed;
            } else { 
                status = result ? UploadStatus.UploadNewFileSuccess : UploadStatus.UploadNewFileFailed;
            }
            return status;
        }
    
        public enum UploadStatus { 
            //服务器连接失败
            serverConntionFail,
            // 远程服务器相应目录创建失败
            CreateDirectoryFail,
            // 远程服务器创建目录成功
            CreateDirectorySuccess,
            // 上传新文件成功
            UploadNewFileSuccess,
            // 上传新文件失败
            UploadNewFileFailed,
            // 文件已经存在
            FileExits,
            // 远程文件大于本地文件
            RemoteFileBiggerThanLocalFile,
            // 断点续传成功
            UploadFromBreakSuccess,
            // 断点续传失败
            UploadFromBreakFailed,
            // 删除远程文件失败
            DeleteRemoteFaild;
        }
    
        public enum DownloadStatus { 
            //服务器连接失败
            serverConntionFail,
            // 远程文件不存在
            RemoteFileNotExist,
            // 下载文件成功
            DownloadNewSuccess,
            // 下载文件失败
            DownloadNewFailed,
            // 本地文件大于远程文件
            LocalFileBiggerThanRemoteFile,
            // 断点续传成功
            DownloadFromBreakSuccess,
            // 断点续传失败
            DownloadFromBreakFailed;
        }
    
        public void setSendFtpFileNameEncoding(String sendFtpFileNameEncoding) { 
            this.sendFtpFileNameEncoding = sendFtpFileNameEncoding;
        }
    
        public void setLocalFileEncoding(String localFileEncoding) { 
            this.localFileEncoding = localFileEncoding;
        }
    
        public void setFtpConfig(FtpConfig ftpConfig) { 
            this.ftpConfig = ftpConfig;
        }
    
        public void setControlEncoding(String controlEncoding) { 
            this.controlEncoding = controlEncoding;
        }
    }

#### 3.4测试类实现 ####

/** * @ClassName: FtpClientUtilsTest * @Description: ftp测试工具类 * @Author: 尚先生 * @CreateDate: 2019/4/25 9:18 * @Version: 1.0 */
    
    public class FtpClientUtilsTest { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            // 核心文件描述:remoteRootDirPath+"/"+trandate+"/"+coreFileName
            // 本地文件描述:localRootDirPath+"/"+trandate+"/"+coreFileName
            // 设置交易日期
            String trandate = "2019-04-25";
            // 配置参数 路径+交易日期
            String localRootDirPath = "/home/loan/dev/sysCode";
            String remoteRootDirPath = "D:/core";    
            String coreFileNames = "duebillInfo_%s.dat,repayInfo_%s.dat";
            trandate = trandate.replace("-", "");
            String localDirPath = localRootDirPath.concat("/").concat(trandate).concat("/");
            String remoteDirPath = remoteRootDirPath.concat("/").concat(trandate).concat("/");
            for (String coreFileName : coreFileNames.split(",")) { 
                // 文件名称
                coreFileName = String.format(coreFileName.trim(), trandate);
                // 本地文件路径
                String localCoreFilePath = localDirPath.concat(coreFileName);
                String remoteCoreFilePath = remoteDirPath.concat(coreFileName);
                // 从spring容器中获得ftp连接
                AbstractXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
            applicationContext.refresh();
            FtpClientUtils ftpClientUtils = applicationContext.getBean("ftpClientUtils",FtpClientUtils.class);
                FtpClientTemple.DownloadStatus downloadStatus = ftpClientUtils.download(remoteCoreFilePath, localCoreFilePath);
                if (!FtpClientTemple.DownloadStatus.DownloadFromBreakSuccess.equals(downloadStatus) && !FtpClientTemple.DownloadStatus.DownloadNewSuccess.equals(downloadStatus)) { 
                    return RepeatStatus.CONTINUABLE;
                }
            }
            return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
        }
    }

#### 3.5配置文件 ####

...
    <bean id="coreFtpConfig" class="com.sxs.com.ftp.FtpConfig">
            <property name="server" value="${ftp.host}"/>
            <property name="port" value="${ftp.port}"/>
            <property name="username" value="${ftp.username}"/>
            <property name="password" value="${ftp.password}"/>
            <property name="fileType" value="#{T(org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP).BINARY_FILE_TYPE}"/>
            <property name="clientMode" value="#{T(org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient).PASSIVE_LOCAL_DATA_CONNECTION_MODE}"/>
        </bean>
    
        <bean id="ftpClientUtils" class="com.sxs.com.ftp.FtpClientUtils">
            <property name="ftpConfig" ref="coreFtpConfig"/>
        </bean>
    ...

#### 3.6测试结果 ####

执行测试类，测试下载方法
    服务调用结果为成功
    
    打开 Git Bash Here
    cd D:\core
    ll
    	20190425
    cd 20190425
    ll -als
    	./
        ../
        duebillInfo_20190425.dat
        repayInfo_20190425.dat

### 相关文章推荐 ###

> Spring Boot实现SFTP文件上传下载  
> [https://blog.csdn.net/shang\_xs/article/details/89514060][https_blog.csdn.net_shang_xs_article_details_89514060]

[https_blog.csdn.net_shang_xs_article_details_89514060]: https://blog.csdn.net/shang_xs/article/details/89514060