CentOS 搭建SVN并用钩子自动实现同步到web目录教程

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-04-24 12:06 175阅读 0赞

# 前言 #

#### 笔者服务器环境、目录情况： ####

系统：CentOS 6.5

网站根目录：/home/wwwroot/test/web

#### 为什么要用svn？ ####

a.方便多人协作，查看成员工作内容和工作量。

b.即便是独自一人开发项目，也非常方便代码的部署（Sublime, Zend Studio都有svn的常见，配合快捷键，提交代码非常简单），同时可以找回历史版本的文件。

# 1.安装 #

yum install subversion

# 2.检查是否安装成功 #

svnserve –version

# 3.创建仓库目录 #

mkdir –p /home/svn/test

# 4.创建项目 #

svnadmin create /home/svn/test

# 5.检查是否创建成功 #

cd /home/svn/test
    ll

如果成功，test目录下会多出几个文件夹

![image][]

# 6.进入conf目录会看到3个配置文件，生成的文件中都有英文注释说明 #

authz:用户权限配置

### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
    ### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
    ### files.
    ### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
    ### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
    ### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
    ###  - a single user,
    ###  - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
    ###  - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
    ###  - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
    ###  - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
    ###  - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
    ###
    ### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
    ### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
    ### ('').
    
    [aliases]
    # joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
    
    [groups]
    # harry_and_sally = harry,sally
    # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
    [/]
    testusername = rw
    
    # [/foo/bar]
    # harry = rw
    # &joe = r
    # * =
    
    # [repository:/baz/fuz]
    # @harry_and_sally = rw
    # * = r

passwd:用户密码

### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
    ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
    ### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
    ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
    
    [users]
    # harry = harryssecret
    # sally = sallyssecret
    testusername =123456

svnserve.conf:

### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
    ### use it to allow access to this repository.  (If you only allow
    ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
    ### irrelevant.)
    
    ### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information.
    
    [general]
    ### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated
    ### and authenticated users.  Valid values are "write", "read",
    ### and "none".  The sample settings below are the defaults.
    anon-access = read
    auth-access = write
    ### The password-db option controls the location of the password
    ### database file.  Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
    ### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
    ### this configuration file.
    ### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
    ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
    password-db = passwd
    ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
    ### rules for path-based access control.  Unless you specify a path
    ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
    ### directory containing this file.  If you don't specify an
    ### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
    ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
    authz-db = authz
    ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
    ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
    ### have the same password database, and vice versa.  The default realm
    ### is repository's uuid.
    realm = /home/svn/test
    
    [sasl]
    ### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
    ### library for authentication. Default is false.
    ### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus
    ### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
    ### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
    # use-sasl = true
    ### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
    ### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
    ### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
    ### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit

# 7.启动SVN服务 #

svnserve -d -r /home/svn

注意：不是svnserve -d -r /home/svn/test

# 8.在本机安装TortoiseSVN #

输入svn://你的ip地址/test

如果弹出输入账号密码的对话框，表示上述设置正确。

# 9.Svn commit后自动同步到网站根目录的方法 #

为什么需要同步呢？原因是我们commit的文件其实是提交到了svn的仓库中，svn仓库不是一个实际的网站根目录。流程如下：本地文件commit到仓库->仓库同步到根目录，可以把仓库理解为一个中转站。进入到项目下的hooks文件夹

cd /home/svn/test/hooks

把post-commit.tmpl的扩展名去掉，并赋予777权限。然后vim post-commit写入如下内容。

#!/bin/sh
    
    export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
    svn co svn://你的ip/test /home/wwwroot/test/web
    
    # POST-COMMIT HOOK
    
    # The post-commit hook is invoked after a commit.  Subversion runs
    # this hook by invoking a program (script, executable, binary, etc.)
    # named 'post-commit' (for which this file is a template) with the
    # following ordered arguments:
    #
    #   [1] REPOS-PATH   (the path to this repository)
    #   [2] REV          (the number of the revision just committed)
    #
    # The default working directory for the invocation is undefined, so
    # the program should set one explicitly if it cares.
    #
    # Because the commit has already completed and cannot be undone,
    # the exit code of the hook program is ignored.  The hook program
    # can use the 'svnlook' utility to help it examine the
    # newly-committed tree.
    #
    # On a Unix system, the normal procedure is to have 'post-commit'
    # invoke other programs to do the real work, though it may do the
    # work itself too.
    #
    # Note that 'post-commit' must be executable by the user(s) who will
    # invoke it (typically the user httpd runs as), and that user must
    # have filesystem-level permission to access the repository.
    #
    # On a Windows system, you should name the hook program
    # 'post-commit.bat' or 'post-commit.exe',
    # but the basic idea is the same.
    #
    # The hook program typically does not inherit the environment of
    # its parent process.  For example, a common problem is for the
    # PATH environment variable to not be set to its usual value, so
    # that subprograms fail to launch unless invoked via absolute path.
    # If you're having unexpected problems with a hook program, the
    # culprit may be unusual (or missing) environment variables.
    #
    # Here is an example hook script, for a Unix /bin/sh interpreter.
    # For more examples and pre-written hooks, see those in

**重要步骤**：然后cd /回到根目录，执行以下语句，这一步的作用是让服务器记忆你svn的账号密码，防止出现权限等问题，首先让你输入你服务器的密码，接着输入svn的账号密码，其中会问你是否记忆，输入yes。

svn co svn://你的ip/test /home/wwwroot/test/web

至此svn已经配置完毕，并且可以实现本地一执行上传，自动同步到网站跟目录。

[image]: /images/20220215/624872410fd44ede8d762010c71e8fb9.png