C++调用Python模块

约定不等于承诺〃 2022-04-17 03:49 226阅读 0赞

一：环境VS2015,Python3.7,Windows 64位操作系统

二：环境配置自行百度

三：新建VS控制台工程，并在工程目录下创建PyModule.py文件

四：编写PyModule.py文件，代码如下：

def retNum():
        return 12345
    
    def retDouble():
        return 12345.6789
    
    def retString():
        return "Hello,World!"
    
    def retUString():
        return "你好，中国!".encode("gb18030")
    
    def retList():
        return [1,2,3,4,5]
    
    def retTuple():
        return (1,2,"Hello,World!")
    
    def retDict():
        d = dict()
        d[1] = "C"
        d[2] = "C++"
        d[3] = "Python"
        return d

五：编写C++文件，调用Python模块。

// ConsoleApplication1.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
    //
    
    #include "stdafx.h"
    #include <python.h>
    #include <iostream>
    
    using namespace std;
    
    
    int main()
    {
    	string chdir_cmd = string("sys.path.append(\"") + "\")";    //Python模块在当前目录下
    	const char* cstr_cmd = chdir_cmd.c_str();
    
    	PyObject* pRet;
    	PyObject* pModule;
    	PyObject *pFunc;
    
    	Py_Initialize();  //初始化Python环境
    	PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");  //运行Python语句
    	PyRun_SimpleString(cstr_cmd); //添加Python模块路径
    
    	pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("PyModule");
    	if (!pModule)
    	{
    		cout << "Can't Find The Module,Please Check Module Name and try again!" << endl;
    		return 0;
    	}
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retNum");  //调用retNum函数，返回整型
    	if (pFunc && PyCallable_Check(pFunc))
    	{//为使代码紧凑，仅写第一次，后面同上处理，忽略判断
    		pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    		cout << PyLong_AsLong(pRet) << endl;
    	}
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retDouble");  //调用retDouble，返回double类型
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	cout << PyFloat_AsDouble(pRet) << endl;
    
    
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retString");  //调用retString，返回ANSI字符串
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	cout << PyUnicode_AsUTF8(pRet) << endl;
    
    
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retUString");  //调用retUString，返回Unicode字符串
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	cout << PyBytes_AsString(pRet) << endl;
    
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retList");  //调用retList，返回数组类型。
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	_int64 val_num = PyList_Size(pRet);
    	for (int i = 0; i < val_num; i++)
    	{
    		cout << PyLong_AsLong(PyList_GetItem(pRet, i)) << " ";
    	}
    	cout << endl;
    
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retTuple");  //调用retTuple，返回tuple类型
    	int w = 0, h = 0;
    	char *ret_str;
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	PyArg_ParseTuple(pRet, "iis", &w, &h, &ret_str);  //多个值必须一一对应
    	cout << w << " " << h << " " << ret_str << endl;
    
    	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "retDict"); //调用retDict，返回dict类型
    	pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, NULL);
    	PyObject* pKeys = PyDict_Keys(pRet);
    	PyObject* pValues = pRet;
    	_int64 LongList = PyDict_Size(pRet);
    	for (int i = 0; i < LongList; i++)
    	{
    		PyObject *pKey = PyList_GetItem(pKeys, i);
    		PyObject *pValue = PyDict_GetItem(pValues, pKey);
    		cout << PyLong_AsLong(pKey) << ":" << PyUnicode_AsUTF8(pValue) << endl;
    	}
    
    	Py_Finalize();
    	system("pause");
        return 0;
    }