c# HttpHelper类 Http请求通用方法

骑猪看日落 2022-04-16 00:21 214阅读 0赞

### **下面是HttpHelper类** ###

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Net.Security;
    using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Web;
    
    namespace HttpHelperNamespace
    {
        public static class HttpHelper
        {
    
            /// <summary>
            /// http/https请求响应
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="getOrPost"></param>
            /// <param name="url">地址（要带上http或https）</param>
            /// <param name="headers">请求头</param>
            /// <param name="parameters">提交数据</param>
            /// <param name="dataEncoding">编码类型 utf-8</param>
            /// <param name="contentType">application/x-www-form-urlencoded</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static HttpWebResponse HttpRequest(
                string getOrPost,
                string url,
                Dictionary<string, string> headers,
                Dictionary<string, string> parameters,
                Encoding dataEncoding,
                string contentType
                )
            {
                var request = CreateRequest(getOrPost, url, headers, parameters, dataEncoding, contentType);
    
                //如果需要POST数据  
                if (getOrPost == "POST" && !(parameters == null || parameters.Count == 0))
                {
                    var data = FormatPostParameters(parameters, dataEncoding, contentType);
    
                    using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
                    {
                        stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                        stream.Close();
                    }
                }
    
                WebResponse Res = null;
                try
                {
                    Res = request.GetResponse();
                }
                catch (WebException ex)
                {
                    Res = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response;
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    throw e;
                }
    
                if (null == Res) {
                    return request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                }
                    
                return (HttpWebResponse)Res;
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 创建HTTP请求对象
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="getOrPost"></param>
            /// <param name="url"></param>
            /// <param name="headers"></param>
            /// <param name="parameters"></param>
            /// <param name="paraEncoding"></param>
            /// <param name="contentType"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private static HttpWebRequest CreateRequest(
                string getOrPost
                , string url
                , Dictionary<string, string> headers
                , Dictionary<string, string> parameters
                , Encoding paraEncoding
                , string contentType
                )
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url))
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("url");
                }
    
                if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0 && paraEncoding == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("requestEncoding");
                }
    
                HttpWebRequest request = null;
                //判断是否是https  
                if (url.StartsWith("https", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                {
                    ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback =
                        new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
                    request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
                    request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
                }
                else
                {
                    request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
                }
    
                if (getOrPost == "GET")
                {
                    request.Method = "GET";
    
                    if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0)
                    {
                        url = FormatGetParametersToUrl(url, parameters, paraEncoding);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    request.Method = "POST";
                }
    
                if (contentType == null)
                {
                    request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8";
                }
                else
                {
                    request.ContentType = contentType;
                }
    
                //POST的数据大于1024字节的时候，如果不设置会分两步
                request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
                request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = int.MaxValue;
    
                if (headers != null)
                {
                    FormatRequestHeaders(headers, request);
                }
    
                return request;
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 格式化请求头信息
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="headers"></param>
            /// <param name="request"></param>
            private static void FormatRequestHeaders(Dictionary<string, string> headers, HttpWebRequest request)
            {
                foreach (var hd in headers)
                {
                    //因为HttpWebRequest中很多标准标头都被封装成只能通过属性设置，添加的话会抛出异常
                    switch (hd.Key.ToLower())
                    {
                        case "connection":
                            request.KeepAlive = false;
                            break;
                        case "content-type":
                            request.ContentType = hd.Value;
                            break;
                        case "transfer-enconding":
                            request.TransferEncoding = hd.Value;
                            break;
                        default:
                            request.Headers.Add(hd.Key, hd.Value);
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 格式化Get请求参数
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="url">URL</param>
            /// <param name="parameters">参数</param>
            /// <param name="paraEncoding">编码格式</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
    
            private static string FormatGetParametersToUrl(string url, Dictionary<string, string> parameters, Encoding paraEncoding)
            {
                if (url.IndexOf("?") < 0)
                    url += "?";
                int i = 0;
                string sendContext = "";
                foreach (var parameter in parameters)
                {
                    if (i > 0)
                    {
                        sendContext += "&";
                    }
    
                    sendContext += HttpUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Key, paraEncoding)
                           + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Value, paraEncoding);
                    ++i;
                }
    
                url += sendContext;
                return url;
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 格式化Post请求参数
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="parameters">编码格式</param>
            /// <param name="dataEncoding">编码格式</param>
            /// <param name="contentType">类型</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private static byte[] FormatPostParameters(Dictionary<string, string> parameters, Encoding dataEncoding, string contentType)
            {
                string sendContext = "";
                int i = 0;
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
                {
                    sendContext = "{";
                }
    
                foreach (var para in parameters)
                {
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
                    {
                        if (i > 0)
                        {
                            if (para.Value.StartsWith("{"))
                            {
                                sendContext += string.Format(@",""{0}"":{1}", para.Key, para.Value);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                sendContext += string.Format(@",""{0}"":""{1}""", para.Key, para.Value);
                            }
    
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (para.Value.StartsWith("{"))
                            {
                                sendContext += string.Format(@"""{0}"":{1}", para.Key, para.Value);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                sendContext += string.Format(@"""{0}"":""{1}""", para.Key, para.Value);
                            }
    
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (i > 0)
                        {
                            sendContext += string.Format("&{0}={1}", para.Key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(para.Value, dataEncoding));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            sendContext = string.Format("{0}={1}", para.Key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(para.Value, dataEncoding));
                        }
                    }
    
                    i++;
                }
    
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
                {
                    sendContext += "}";
                }
    
                byte[] data = dataEncoding.GetBytes(sendContext);
                return data;
            }
    
    
            private static bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain,
                SslPolicyErrors errors)
            {
                return true; //总是接受  
            }
        }
    }

调用方法：

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Net.Security;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Web;
    
    namespace HttpHelperNamespace
    {
        public  class HttpTest
        {
            public  void Test()
            {
                //GET http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261
                var reqGET = HttpHelper.HttpRequest(
                     "GET"    //string getOrPost,
                    , "http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261"    //string url,
                    , null    //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> headers,
                    , null    //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> parameters,
                    , Encoding.UTF8                    //Encoding dataEncoding,
                    , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"                                   //string contentType
                    );
    
                System.IO.StreamReader readerGET;
                readerGET = new System.IO.StreamReader(reqGET.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
                var respHTML = readerGET.ReadToEnd();  //得到响应结果
                readerGET.Close();
                reqGET.Close();
    
                
    
                POST http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261
                Dictionary<string, string> dict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                dict.Add("showcid", "56261");
    
                var reqPOST = HttpHelper.HttpRequest(
                     "POST"    //string getOrPost,
                    , "http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json"    //string url,
                    , null    //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> headers,
                    , dict    //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> parameters,
                    , Encoding.UTF8                    //Encoding dataEncoding,
                    , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"                                   //string contentType
                    );
    
                System.IO.StreamReader readerPOST;
                readerPOST = new System.IO.StreamReader(reqPOST.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
                var respHTMLPOST = readerPOST.ReadToEnd(); //得到响应结果
                readerPOST.Close();
                reqPOST.Close();
    
            }  
        }
    }

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