Spring 集成quartz框架的两种方式

小灰灰 2022-04-15 04:29 328阅读 0赞

Java项目中常使用的定时器有JDK Timer、Quartz、Spring Task等三种。Quartz的功能强大，配置也比较复杂，适合大型、多定时任务的项目使用。Spring Task配置较为简单轻量，需要Spring框架支持。JDK自带的定时器Timer使用灵活，配置简单，适合中小型项目。这里记录下quartz方式

**一、Quartz作业类的继承方式来讲，可以分为两类：**

1.  作业类需要继承自特定的作业类基类，如Quartz中需要继承自org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean；
2.  作业类即普通的java类，不需要继承自任何基类。

使用QuartzJobBean，需要继承，而且在注入Spring容器中其他service时候需要在schedulerContextAsMap中注入，比较麻烦，否则不能成功(具体操作参考：[https://blog.csdn.net/whaosy/article/details/6298686][https_blog.csdn.net_whaosy_article_details_6298686])。

使用MethodInvokeJobDetailFactoryBean则需要指定targetObject（任务实例）和targetMethod（实例中要执行的方法），可以方便注入Spring容器中其他的service。后者优点是无侵入，业务逻辑简单。所以**我更推荐的第二种！**

**二、从任务调度的触发时机来分，这里主要是针对作业使用的触发器，主要有以下两种：**

1.  每隔指定时间则触发一次，在Quartz中对应的触发器为：org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean
2.  每到指定时间则触发一次，在Quartz中对应的调度器为：org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean

**三、下面针对两种分别讲解**

**1.作业类继承自特定的基类：org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean**

package com.summer.job;
    
    import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
    import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import com.summer.opendoor.service.OpenDoorService;
    
    //@Component
    public class Job extends QuartzJobBean{
    	
    	public Job() {
    		super();
    		System.out.println("JOB初始化");
    	}
    
    	@Autowired
    	private OpenDoorService openDoorService;
    
    	@Override
    	protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
    		System.out.println("JOB任务执行了");
    		//如果没有在schedulerContextAsMap中注入openDoorService ，则这里是null  
    		//openDoorService.open();
    	}
    
    }

注意图片红框中的引用，分三步，先定义jobDetail,然后定义触发器，最后是调度工厂

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lrNjE0Mjk0ODYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
    	
    	
    	
    	<bean id="jobDetail"
    		class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
    		<property name="jobClass" value="com.summer.job.Job"></property>
    		<property name="durability" value="true"></property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="simpleTrigger"
    		class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
    		<property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail" />
    		
    		<property name="startDelay" value="3000" />
    		
    		<property name="repeatInterval" value="2000" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	
    	<bean id="startQuertz" lazy-init="false" autowire="no"
    		class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
    		
    		<property name="triggers">
    			<list>
    				<ref bean="simpleTrigger" />
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    
    </beans>

**2.作业类不继承特定基类   强烈推荐这种**

package com.summer.job;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import com.summer.opendoor.service.OpenDoorService;
    
    @Component
    public class JobMethodInvoke{
    	
    	public JobMethodInvoke() {
    		super();
    		System.out.println("JobMethodInvoke初始化");
    	}
    
    	@Autowired
    	private OpenDoorService openDoorService;
    
    	
    	protected void doSomething() {
    		System.out.println("JOB任务执行了");
    		openDoorService.open();
    	}
    
    }

注意中间的引用关系，如下图

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lrNjE0Mjk0ODYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
    
    	
    	<bean id="testQuartz" class="com.summer.job.JobMethodInvoke" />
    	
    	
    	<bean id="jobDetail"
    		class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
    		<property name="targetObject" ref="testQuartz"></property>
    		
    		<property name="targetMethod" value="doSomething"></property>
    		
    		<property name="concurrent" value="false"></property>
    	</bean>
    
    		
    	
    		
    	
    	
    	<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
    		<property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail" />
    		
    		<property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 12 * * ?" />
    	</bean>	
    	
    	
    	<bean id="schedulerFactoryBean" lazy-init="true"
    		class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
    		<property name="triggers">
    			<list>
    				
    				<ref bean="cronTrigger" />
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    </beans>

[https_blog.csdn.net_whaosy_article_details_6298686]: https://blog.csdn.net/whaosy/article/details/6298686
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lrNjE0Mjk0ODYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220415/852bbe3e45d74fc7961f1f1af2bb7ba5.png