mac 上的 android studio 安装运行 python

淩亂°似流年 2022-04-13 11:17 720阅读 0赞

环境：mac os 10.12.6；android studio 3.0.1

## 1.安装python ##

1）要[安装Homebrew][Homebrew]，打开`Terminal`或您喜欢的OSX终端模拟器并运行下面的命令：

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

2）该脚本将解释它将进行的更改，并在安装开始之前提示您。安装Homebrew后，将Homebrew目录插入到您的主页`PATH`环境变量。您可以通过在`~/.profile`文件添加以下行来完成此操作：

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin:$PATH"

如果您有OS X 10.12（Sierra）或更早版本，请改用此行

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH

3）现在，我们可以安装Python 3：

$ brew install python

如果报错说：已经存在，说明之前安装过，运行下面的命令：

brew uninstall python3
    brew cleanup -s
    brew install python3

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

4）等待所有下载完成，下载很慢，下载完成后是自动安装，安装后运行：

python --version

能看到版本号，说明python安装完成

## 2.android studio创建并运行第一个python 程序 ##

1）Android Studio下载插件“Python Community Edition”。允许在Python文件中使用IDE功能，如语法突出显示

打开Android Studio，单击`Configure`菜单，然后单击`Plugins`选项：

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--01\_install\_python\_plugin--01\_menu.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--01_menu.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--01_menu.png]

`2）进入Plugins`并单击。`Install JetBrains plugin...`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--01\_install\_python\_plugin--02\_plugins.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--02_plugins.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--02_plugins.png]

3）搜索`Python Community Edition``Install`，选择插件，和点击

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--01\_install\_python\_plugin--03\_install.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--03_install.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--03_install.png]

4）插件安装完成后，单击 `Restart Android Studio`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--01\_install\_python\_plugin--04\_restart.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--04_restart.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--04_restart.png]

5）点击 `Start a new Android Studio project 创建项目`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--02\_create\_project--01\_start.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--02_create_project--01_start.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--02_create_project--01_start.png]

一直点“下一步”

6）打开通过单击项目窗口选择顶部的下拉菜单。`Project View``Project`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--03\_create\_activity--01\_open\_project\_view.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--01_open_project_view.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--01_open_project_view.png]

7）导航到`PythonActivity/app/src/main/java/demo.chaquopy.pythonactivity`＆删除`MainActivity.java`。

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--03\_create\_activity--02\_delete\_java\_main\_activity.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--02_delete_java_main_activity.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--02_delete_java_main_activity.png]

8）取消选中对话框的`Safe delete`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--03\_create\_activity--03\_uncheck\_safe\_delete.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--03_uncheck_safe_delete.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--03_uncheck_safe_delete.png]

9）接下来，我们需要创建Python活动所需的一些目录和文件

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--03\_create\_activity--04\_new\_menu.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--04_new_menu.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--04_new_menu.png]

10）创建以下所有目录和文件：

*  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy/pythonactivity`

文件：

*  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/__init__.py`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/__init__.py`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy/__init__.py`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy/pythonactivity/__init__.py`
 *  `PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy/pythonactivity/main_activity.py`

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--03\_create\_activity--05\_file\_structure.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--05_file_structure.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--05_file_structure.png]

11）打开`PythonActivity/app/src/main/python/demo/chaquopy/pythonactivity/main_activity.py`并添加以下代码：

from demo.chaquopy.pythonactivity import R
    
    from java import static_proxy, Override, jvoid
    
    from android.os             import Bundle
    from android.support.v7.app import AppCompatActivity
    
    
    # Python activities require a static_proxy implementation
    #   in order to generate a Java source file from their contents.
    # All files that use static proxies must be defined @ app/build.gradle
    class MainActivity(static_proxy(AppCompatActivity)):
    
      # Any methods that will be accessed from Java must implement
      #   @Override(java_return_type, [method_args])
      @Override(jvoid, [Bundle])
      def onCreate(self, state):
        AppCompatActivity.onCreate(self, state)
        self.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

12）项目创建好了。配置`PythonActivity/build.gradle`并添加以下代码：(chaquo需要收费，免费的5分钟以内，应用会崩溃)

buildscript {
    
        repositories {
            ...
            maven { url "https://chaquo.com/maven" }
        }
        dependencies {
            ...
            classpath 'com.chaquo.python:gradle:5.0.0'
        }
    }
    
    allprojects {
        ...
    }

13）配置`PythonActivity/app/build.gradle`并添加以下代码：

...
    apply plugin: 'com.chaquo.python'
    
    android {
       ...
            python {
                buildPython "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7"
                staticProxy "demo.chaquopy.pythonactivity.main_activity"
            }
            ndk {
                abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "x86"
            }
        }
        ...
    }

14）打开`PythonActivity/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml`并更改以下代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <manifest ...>
    
        <application
            android:name="com.chaquo.python.android.PyApplication"
            ...>
            <activity android:name=".main_activity.MainActivity">
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
    
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
        </application>
    
    </manifest>

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

15）（可选）打开`PythonActivity/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml`并更改`tools:context`主布局的属性：

"demo.chaquopy.pythonactivity.main_activity.MainActivity"

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

16）所有已经完成，可以运行

[![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--05\_test\_app--01\_run\_app.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--01_run_app.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--01_run_app.png] [![../../\_images/getting\_started--python\_activity--05\_test\_app--02\_app.png][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--02_app.png]][.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--02_app.png]

第一个python程序运行成功

[Homebrew]: http://brew.sh/#install
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220413/526b1a676eae40a1ac8f1520a8b2a118.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--01_menu.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--01_menu.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--02_plugins.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--02_plugins.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--03_install.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--03_install.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--04_restart.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--01_install_python_plugin--04_restart.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--02_create_project--01_start.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--02_create_project--01_start.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--01_open_project_view.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--01_open_project_view.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--02_delete_java_main_activity.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--02_delete_java_main_activity.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--03_uncheck_safe_delete.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--03_uncheck_safe_delete.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--04_new_menu.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--04_new_menu.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--05_file_structure.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--03_create_activity--05_file_structure.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220413/fdc8d03ff6874c99ab69c9105f0ba4e9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTIxMjM5Mzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220413/9e566cdc440c4aa2b19906ef206795d3.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--01_run_app.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--01_run_app.png
[.._.._images_getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--02_app.png]: https://chaquopy-getting-started.readthedocs.io/_images/getting_started--python_activity--05_test_app--02_app.png