Netty入门示例（一）

青旅半醒 2022-04-13 09:59 282阅读 0赞

以下演示的是一个时间服务器。

依次启动Server，Client；Client从服务器上读取得时间后打印的控制台上。

ChannelInitializer，ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter

**Server**

提供时间服务。  
监听`8080`端口，子类`TimeServerHandlerAdapter`是`ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter`的一个实现。  
通过实现方法`channelActive`，在新请求进入时输入本机的时间。  
通过实现方法`exceptionCaught`捕获异常。

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
    import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
    import io.netty.channel.*;
    import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
    
    public class Server { 
    
       public static void main(String[] args) { 
           new Server().bind(8080);
       }
    
       private void bind(int port) { 
           EventLoopGroup boosGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
           EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
           ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
           bootstrap.group(boosGroup, workerGroup);
           bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
           bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 2014);
    
           // init
           bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { 
               @Override
               protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception { 
    
                   // bind
                   socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new TimeServerHandlerAdapter());
               }
           });
           try { 
               ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();
               future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
           } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
               e.printStackTrace();
           } finally { 
               boosGroup.shutdownGracefully();
               workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
           }
       }
    
       // adapter
       class TimeServerHandlerAdapter extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { 
           @Override
           public void channelActive(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { 
               final ByteBuf time = ctx.alloc().buffer(4);
               time.writeLong(System.currentTimeMillis());
    
               // write data
               final ChannelFuture f = ctx.writeAndFlush(time);
               f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() { 
                   public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) { 
                       assert f == future;
                       ctx.close();
                   }
               });
           }
    
           @Override
           public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { 
               cause.printStackTrace();
               ctx.close();
           }
       }
    }

**Client**

调用服务器时间，打印在控制台上。

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
    import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
    import io.netty.channel.*;
    import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class Client { 
    
       public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
           new Client().connect("127.0.0.1", 8080);
       }
    
       private void connect(String host, int port) throws InterruptedException { 
           EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
           Bootstrap bs = new Bootstrap();
           bs.group(workerGroup);
           bs.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
           bs.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
    
           // init
           bs.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { 
               @Override
               public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { 
                   ch.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandlerAdapter());
               }
           });
           try { 
               ChannelFuture f = bs.connect(host, port).sync();
               f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
           } finally { 
               workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
           }
       }
    
       // adapter
       class TimeClientHandlerAdapter extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { 
           @Override
           public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { 
               ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
               try { 
    
                   // read data
                   System.out.println(new Date(buf.readLong()));
                   ctx.close();
               } finally { 
                   buf.release();
               }
           }
    
           @Override
           public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { 
               cause.printStackTrace();
               ctx.close();
           }
       }
    }