Spring配置事务，Junit单元测试报错"Failed to load ApplicationContext"

你的名字 2022-04-01 06:27 842阅读 0赞

## 问题： ##

Junit单元测试代码如下：

package cn.muke.spring.demo2;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    /**
     * Spring的声明式事务管理方式一的测试类
     * @author CX
     *
     */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext2.xml")
    public class SpringDemo2 {
    	
    	/**
    	 * 因为要测试业务层的实现类，所以引用业务层的接口
    	 */
    	@Resource(name="accountService")
    	private AccountService accountService;	
    	
        /**
    	 * 转账案例：
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void demo1() {
    		accountService.transfer("aaa", "bbb", 200d);
    	}
    }

applicationContext2.xml配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    		
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    	
    	
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    	</bean>
    		
    	
    	<bean id="accountService" class="cn.muke.spring.demo2.AccountServiceImpl">
    		
    		<property name="accoutDAO" ref="accountDAO"/>		
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean id="accountDAO" class="cn.muke.spring.demo2.AccountDAOImpl">
    		
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    	</bean>
    		
    </beans>

accountService 和 accountDao应该没问题，就是向dao注入DataSource，向service注入dao报错信息如下：

2018-12-29 15:44:21 INFO  org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader  Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext2.xml]
    2018-12-29 15:44:21 INFO  org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext  Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@6537cf78: startup date [Sat Dec 29 15:44:21 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
    2018-12-29 15:44:21 ERROR org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager  Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@40f08448] to prepare test instance [cn.muke.spring.demo2.SpringDemo2@6bf256fa]
    java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
    	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
    	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
    	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
    	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.<init>(SimpleMetadataReader.java:52)
    	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:80)
    	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:101)
    	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:76)
    	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:70)
    	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:253)
    	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:223)
    	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:630)
    	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:461)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
    	... 24 more

## 解决方法： ##

这个是因为Spring与jdk版本有冲突，Spring3.\*与jdk1.8是冲突的。所以需要把jdk换成1.7的或者把Spring升级到Spring4.\*就可以了。