python写的批量操作远程主机脚本(命令执行,上传、下载文件)

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-03-31 18:12 287阅读 0赞

python写的批量操作远程主机脚本(命令执行,上传、下载文件) 2011-04-28 12:53:44

标签： [服务器][Link 1] [ 脚本][Link 2] [ ssh][ssh] [ python][python] [ 集中化管理][Link 3]

原创作品，允许转载，转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章 [ 原始出处][Link 4] 、作者信息和本声明。否则将追究法律责任。 [http://mayulin.blog.51cto.com/1628315/555459][Link 4]

最近在学习python，借助fabric模块写了个批量操作服务器的脚本，在此分享给大家，如有不足之处，欢迎大家指正

准备工作：

安装python 2.6.5:

yum -y install readline\*

tar xf Python-2.6.5.tar.bz2

cd Python-2.6.5

将目录下Modules/Setup.dist文件中"readline readline.c -lreadline -ltermcap"行前的注释去掉

编译安装：

./configure --enable-shared

make -j8 && make install

安装setuptools

tar xf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

cd setuptools-0.6c11

python setup.py install

安装fabric

执行安装时，软件会自动从网上查找依赖的安装包并进行安装

tar xf fabric-0.9rc2.tar.gz

cd goosemo-fabric-1eacbf2

python setup.py install

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pyssh脚本：

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td>#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- ##################################################### # Author: mayulin – mayulin@cy2009.com # Last modified: 2011-04-28 12:27 # Filename: pssh.py ##################################################### from fabric.api import env,run,put,get from os import path from re import findall from sys import argv from fabric.context_managers import hide from time import sleep USER='root' HOST,IP_LIST=[],[] PORT='22' PRI_KEY,PASSWORD,CMD,uSRC,uDST,dSRC,dDST='','','','','','','' timeout=1 for i in range(1,len(argv)+1): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-h' or len(argv)==1: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print """ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; USAGE: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -u [user]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Use this argument to specify the user,default is 'root' &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -H [host]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The host that you want to connect &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -f [file]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The file content multiple ip address you want to connect &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -P [port]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The ssh port,default is 22 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -p [pwd|file]&nbsp;&nbsp; You can specify password or a priviate key file to connect the host &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -c [command]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The command you want the host(s) to run &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -U [src,dst]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The local file that you want to upload to the remote host(s) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -D [src,dst]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The remote file that you want to download to the local host &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -t [timeout]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The program running timeout,default is 1(s) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -h&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Print this help screen &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; """ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-u': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; USER=argv[i] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.user='%s'%(USER) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.user='%s'%(USER) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-H': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; arg=findall('(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|\s+\.{3,4})',argv[i]) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for j in arg: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if type(j).__name__ !='NoneType': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; HOST.append(j) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print 'The HostIP input error' &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-P': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PORT=argv[i] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-f': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if path.isfile('%s'%(argv[i])) == True: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IP_LIST=open('%s'%(argv[i]),'r').readlines() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-p': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if path.isfile(argv[i]) == True: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PRI_KEY=argv[i] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.key_filename='%s'%(PRI_KEY) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PASSWORD=argv[i] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.password='%s'%(PASSWORD) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-c': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CMD=argv[i] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1]=='-t':&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; timeout=argv[i] &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SLP='sleep %s'%(timeout) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-U': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; x=src=\'#\'" /&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; uSRC=x[0] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; uDST=x[1] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if argv[i-1] == '-D': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; y=src=\'#\'" /&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dSRC=y[0] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dDST=y[1]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; else: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IP_PORT=[] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if len(IP_LIST)!=0: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for k in IP_LIST: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IP_PORT.append(k.strip()+':'+PORT) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if len(HOST)!=0: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for k in HOST: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IP_PORT.append(k.strip()+':'+PORT) if CMD != '': &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;def command(): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with hide('running'): &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; run("%s;%s" %(CMD,SLP)) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for ip in IP_PORT: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.host_string=ip &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "Execute command : \"%s\" at Host : %s" %(CMD,ip.split(':')[0]) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; command() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; if uSRC and uDST !='': &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;def upload(): &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with hide('running'): &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; put("%s" %(uSRC),"%s" %(uDST)) &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;for ip in IP_PORT: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.host_string=ip &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "Upload local file : \"%s\" to Host : %s \"%s\"" %(uSRC,ip.split(':')[0],uDST) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; upload() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; if dSRC and dDST !='': &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;def download(): &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with hide('running'): &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; get("%s" %(dSRC),"%s" %(dDST)) &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;for ip in IP_PORT: &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env.host_string=ip &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "Download remote file : \"%s\" from Host : %s to local \"%s\"" %(dSRC,ip.split(':')[0],dDST) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; download() &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "-------------------------------------------------" &nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

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脚本执行效果：

显示帮助：

[![clip\_image002][clip_image002]][clip_image002_clip_image002]

在多个远程主机上执行shell命令：

[![clip\_image004][clip_image004]][clip_image004_clip_image004]

[![clip\_image006][clip_image006]][clip_image006_clip_image006]

将远程主机上的文件下载到本地目录：

[![clip\_image008][clip_image008]][clip_image008_clip_image008]

将本地文件上传到多个远程主机上

[![clip\_image010][clip_image010]][clip_image010_clip_image010]

本文出自 “[梦~从这里起航][Link 5]” 博客，请务必保留此出处[http://mayulin.blog.51cto.com/1628315/555459][Link 4]

[Link 1]: http://blog.51cto.com/tagindex.php?keyword=%B7%FE%CE%F1%C6%F7
[Link 2]: http://blog.51cto.com/tagindex.php?keyword=%BD%C5%B1%BE
[ssh]: http://blog.51cto.com/tagindex.php?keyword=ssh
[python]: http://blog.51cto.com/tagindex.php?keyword=python
[Link 3]: http://blog.51cto.com/tagindex.php?keyword=%BC%AF%D6%D0%BB%AF%B9%DC%C0%ED
[Link 4]: http://mayulin.blog.51cto.com/1628315/555459
[clip_image002]: http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201104/28/1628315_1303966379B1bf.jpg
[clip_image002_clip_image002]: /images/20220331/1525ddac56e744269ef81df60e2a7df1.png
[clip_image004]: http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201104/28/1628315_1303966380xe8N.jpg
[clip_image004_clip_image004]: /images/20220331/1252b0f2f5134475bfbd56f3fe962355.png
[clip_image006]: http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201104/28/1628315_13039663807Ica.jpg
[clip_image006_clip_image006]: /images/20220331/1072b941f8294ecf9911d125f5368bb2.png
[clip_image008]: http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201104/28/1628315_1303966380kpEK.jpg
[clip_image008_clip_image008]: /images/20220331/f2058a800dfd4670831909abf256f209.png
[clip_image010]: http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201104/28/1628315_1303966380IH86.jpg
[clip_image010_clip_image010]: /images/20220331/07da8aa4e49f4a99b8b6f11a43ec2952.png
[Link 5]: http://mayulin.blog.51cto.com