Spring编程式事务管理

待我称王封你为后i 2022-03-30 12:22 301阅读 0赞

以下内容引用自[http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/transaction-management/spring-programmatic-transaction-management.html][http_wiki.jikexueyuan.com_project_spring_transaction-management_spring-programmatic-transaction-management.html]：

编程式事务管理方法允许你在源代码编程的方式下管理事务。虽然带来了极大地灵活性，但是它很难维护。

实践前提：

1、在MySql新建Student，Marks两张表，脚本如下：

CREATE TABLE Student(
       ID   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
       NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
       AGE  INT NOT NULL,
       PRIMARY KEY (ID)
    );

CREATE TABLE Marks(
       SID INT NOT NULL,
       MARKS  INT NOT NULL,
       YEAR   INT NOT NULL
    );

2、增加mysql-connector-java.jar包，POM配置如下：

<dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>

3、原理：

使用PlatformTransactionManager来实现编程式方法实现事务。要开始一个新事务，需要有一个带有适当的transaction属性的TransactionDefinition的实例。这里，我们使用默认的transaction属性创建DefaultTransactionDefinition的一个实例。当TransactionDefinition创建后，可以通过调用getTransaction()方法来开始事务，该方法会返回TransactionStatus的一个实例。TransactionStatus对象帮助追踪当前的事务状态，并且最终，如果一切运行顺利，你可以使用PlatformTransactionManager的commit()方法来提交这个事务，否则的话，你可以使用rollback()方法来回滚整个操作。

例子：

pom.xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.jsoft.testspring</groupId>
      <artifactId>testtx</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
      <name>testtx</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.1</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
         
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>
        
      </dependencies>
    </project>

StudentMarks.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx;
    
    public class StudentMarks {
        private Integer age;
        private String name;
        private Integer id;
    
        private Integer marks;
        private Integer year;
        private Integer sid;
    
        public void setAge(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
        
    
        public void setMarks(Integer marks) {
            this.marks = marks;
        }
    
        public Integer getMarks() {
            return marks;
        }
    
        public void setYear(Integer year) {
            this.year = year;
        }
    
        public Integer getYear() {
            return year;
        }
    
        public void setSid(Integer sid) {
            this.sid = sid;
        }
    
        public Integer getSid() {
            return sid;
        }
    }

StudentMarksMapper.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx;
    
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
    
    public class StudentMarksMapper implements RowMapper<StudentMarks> {
    
        @Override
        public StudentMarks mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            StudentMarks student = new StudentMarks();
            student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
            student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
            
            student.setSid(rs.getInt("sid"));
            student.setMarks(rs.getInt("marks"));
            student.setYear(rs.getInt("year"));
            
            return student;
        }
    
    }

StudentDAO.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
    
    public interface StudentDAO {
    
        public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
    
        public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager);
        
        public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year);
    
        public StudentMarks getStudent(Integer id);
    
        public List<StudentMarks> listStudents();
    
        public void delete(Integer id);
    
        public void update(Integer id, String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year);
    }

StudentJDBCTemplate.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    
    import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
    import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
    import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition;
    
    public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
    
        private DataSource dataSource;
        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
    
        private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
    
        @Override
        public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
            this.dataSource = dataSource;
            this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
            this.transactionManager = transactionManager;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year) {
            TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
            TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def);
            try {
                 String SQL1 = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";
                 jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL1, name, age);
                 String SQL2 = "select max(id) from Student";
                 int sid = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForInt( SQL2 );
                 String SQL3 = "insert into Marks(sid, marks, year) values (?, ?, ?)";
                 jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL3, sid, marks, year);
                 System.out.println("Created Name = " + name + ", Age = " + age);
                 transactionManager.commit(status);
            } catch (DataAccessException e) {
                 System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back");
                 transactionManager.rollback(status);
                 throw e;
            }
            return;
        }
    
        @Override
        public StudentMarks getStudent(Integer id) {
            String SQL = "select * from Student,Marks where id = ? and Student.id=Marks.sid";
            StudentMarks student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL, new Object[] { id }, new StudentMarksMapper());
            return student;
        }
    
        @Override
        public List<StudentMarks> listStudents() {
            String SQL = "select * from Student,Marks where Student.id = Marks.sid";
            List<StudentMarks> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMarksMapper());
            return students;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void delete(Integer id) {
            TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
            TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def);
            try {
                String SQL1 = "delete from Student where id = ?";
                jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL1, id);
                System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id);
                String SQL2 = "delete from Marks where sid = ?";
                jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL2, id);
                System.out.println("Deleted Record with SID = " + id);
                transactionManager.commit(status);
            } catch (DataAccessException e) {
                System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back");
                transactionManager.rollback(status);
                throw e;
            }
            return;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void update(Integer id, String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year) {
            TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
            TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def);
            try {
                String SQL1 = "update Student set age = ?,name = ? where id = ?";
                jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL1, age,name, id);
                System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id);
                String SQL2 = "update Marks set marks = ?,year = ? where sid = ?";
                jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL2, marks,year, id);
                System.out.println("Updated Record with SID = " + id);
                transactionManager.commit(status);
            } catch (DataAccessException e) {
                System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back");
                transactionManager.rollback(status);
                throw e;
            }
            return;
        }
    
    }

beans.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
       <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
          <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
          <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC"/>
          <property name="username" value="root"/>
          <property name="password" value="root"/>
       </bean>
       
       <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
          <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />    
       </bean>
    
       
       <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.jsoft.testspring.testtx.StudentJDBCTemplate">
          <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />    
          <property name="transactionManager"  ref="transactionManager" /> 
       </bean>
    
    </beans>

测试结果：

![417876-20170527174531407-774841407.png][]

测试工程：[https://github.com/easonjim/5\_java\_example/tree/master/springtest/test18/testtx][https_github.com_easonjim_5_java_example_tree_master_springtest_test18_testtx]

[http_wiki.jikexueyuan.com_project_spring_transaction-management_spring-programmatic-transaction-management.html]: http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/transaction-management/spring-programmatic-transaction-management.html
[417876-20170527174531407-774841407.png]: /images/20220330/a8e2df1120e648c794424dcc9919fb0b.png
[https_github.com_easonjim_5_java_example_tree_master_springtest_test18_testtx]: https://github.com/easonjim/5_java_example/tree/master/springtest/test18/testtx