PyQt入门项目(一)：车票信息查询

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-03-26 03:14 240阅读 0赞

Target:PyQt5+requests实现一个车票查询工具(功能虽然很鸡肋，纯粹当作练手了)  
**结构图**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODI4MzE1OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

**效果图**  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODI4MzE1OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]  
**思路**  
1、search(QPushButton)点击信号（clicked）连接到自定义的槽函数（event.search）  
2、槽函数（event.search）接收四个参数：QTableWidget对象的引用、两个QLabel中的内容（站台名称）、QDateEdit格式化日期  
3、槽函数（event.search）调用爬虫类（TrainService）获取车次信息，添加到QTableWidget对象中。  
**代码**  
1、[ui.py][](ui界面)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'E:\Python\Qt\ui_0.ui'
    #
    # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.11.2
    #
    # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
    
    from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
    from Event import EventClass
    class Ui_MainWindow(object):
        def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
            event=EventClass()
            MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
            MainWindow.resize(793, 604)
            MainWindow.setStyleSheet("font: 10pt \"Microsoft YaHei UI\";")
            self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
            self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
            self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
            self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 791, 43))
            self.widget.setObjectName("widget")
            self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.widget)
            self.horizontalLayout.setSizeConstraint(QtWidgets.QLayout.SetNoConstraint)
            self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(10, 1, 1, 3)
            self.horizontalLayout.setSpacing(15)
            self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
            self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.widget)
            self.label.setObjectName("label")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
            self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.widget)
            self.lineEdit.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(742, 16777215))
            self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
            self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.widget)
            self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label_2)
            self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.widget)
            self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_2)
            self.dateEdit = QtWidgets.QDateEdit(self.widget)
            self.dateEdit.setDate(QtCore.QDate(2019, 1, 1))
            self.dateEdit.setObjectName("dateEdit")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.dateEdit)
            self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
            self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
            self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
            self.scrollArea = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.centralwidget)
            self.scrollArea.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 40, 791, 561))
            self.scrollArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
            self.scrollArea.setObjectName("scrollArea")
            self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtWidgets.QWidget()
            self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 789, 559))
            self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName("scrollAreaWidgetContents")
            self.tableWidget = QtWidgets.QTableWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
            self.tableWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 791, 561))
            sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
            sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
            sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
            sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.tableWidget.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
            self.tableWidget.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
            self.tableWidget.setBaseSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 0))
            self.tableWidget.setObjectName("tableWidget")
            self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(5)
            self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)
            item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
            self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, item)
            item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
            self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, item)
            item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
            self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, item)
            item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
            self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(3, item)
            item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
            self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(4, item)
            self.tableWidget.horizontalHeader().setDefaultSectionSize(155)
            self.tableWidget.verticalHeader().setDefaultSectionSize(47)
            self.tableWidget.verticalHeader().setMinimumSectionSize(45)
            self.line = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
            self.line.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 23, 784, 31))
            self.line.setToolTipDuration(0)
            self.line.setLineWidth(1)
            self.line.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.HLine)
            self.line.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Sunken)
            self.line.setObjectName("line")
            self.scrollArea.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
            MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
    
            self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
            self.pushButton.clicked.connect(lambda :event.search(self.tableWidget, self.lineEdit.text(), self.lineEdit_2.text(), self.dateEdit.date().toPyDate()))
            QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
    
        def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
            _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
            MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
            self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "From"))
            self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "To"))
            self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "search"))
            item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(0)
            item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "车次"))
            item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(1)
            item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "出发时间"))
            item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(2)
            item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "到站时间"))
            item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(3)
            item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "硬卧"))
            item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(4)
            item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "硬座"))
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        import sys
        app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
        MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
        ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
        MainWindow.show()
        sys.exit(app.exec_())

2、[EventClass.py][](自定义槽函数类)

#coding:u8
    import time
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTableWidgetItem
    from TrainService import TrainService
    class EventClass(object):
        def __init__(self):
            self.trainService=TrainService()
            pass
        def search(self,  table, From="北京", To="上海", Date=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())):
            print("【{}】 form {} to {}".format(Date, From, To))
            train_list=self.trainService.crawlTrainMess(From, To, Date)
            print(table)
            table.setRowCount(len(train_list))
            for row, item in enumerate(train_list):
                for col, i in enumerate(item):
                    if i is "":
                        i="0"
                    table.setItem(row, col, QTableWidgetItem(i))
            pass

3、[TrainService.py][]（爬虫类）

#coding_url:u8
    import requests
    import json
    class TrainService(object):
        def __init__(self):
            with open("code.json", 'r') as file:
                code=eval(file.read())
            self.code=code
            self.code_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9002"
            self.headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.7 Safari/537.36"}
            
        def crawlTrainMess(self,from_station,to_station,train_date):
            self.url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryZ?leftTicketDTO.train_date={}&leftTicketDTO.from_station={}&leftTicketDTO.to_station={}&purpose_codes=ADULT".format(train_date,self.code[from_station],self.code[to_station])
            response=requests.get(self.url,headers=self.headers)
            train_json=json.loads(response.text)
            results=train_json['data']['result']
            train_list=[]
            for i in results:
                temp=i.split('|')
                train_list.append([temp[3], temp[8], temp[9], temp[25], temp[26]])
            #print(train_list)
            return train_list
        def crawlCodeMess(self):
            response=requests.get(self.code_url,headers=self.headers)
            station_list=response.text.split('@')[1 :]
            code={}
            for i in station_list:
                temp=i.split('|')
                code[temp[1]]=temp[2]
            #print(code)
            with open("code.json", 'w') as file:
                file.write(str(code))
            
    if __name__=="__main__":
        ts=TrainService()
        ts.crawlCodeMess()

需要先跑 [TrainService.py][] 获取到站点对应的代码信息code.json  
然后在执行 [ui.py][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODI4MzE1OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220326/e73a85c8735e4998a67a5c3c730f8332.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODI4MzE1OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220326/a0e86f36a91e430d815107f0a9333774.png
[ui.py]: http://ui.py
[EventClass.py]: http://EventClass.py
[TrainService.py]: http://TrainService.py