Linux之通过脚本实现全程自动安装Linux系统

喜欢ヅ旅行 2022-03-25 14:30 610阅读 0赞

### 1.下载自动生成安装脚本的软件 ###

*配置好yum源*  
[如何配置yum源][yum]

yum install system-config-kickstart -y 	##下载安装定制软件 
    system-config-kickstart 				##运行软件，定制系统 
    vim ks.cfg 								##编辑软件生成的文件，自定义安装包 
    ksvalidator ks.cfg 						##检查脚本是否有语法错误 
    yum install httpd -y 					##下载httpd 
    systemctl start httpd 					##启动httpd 
    systemctl enable httpd 					##设置httpd开机启动 
    systemctl stop firewalld				##关闭防火墙 
    systemctl disable firewalld 			##设置防火墙开机不启动 
    cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/ 			##把脚本放到httpd的共享文件夹里

在需要自动安装虚拟机的主机上，写一个以.sh结尾的脚本(加后缀名为方便管理)，脚本书写详情可以参考  
[Linux的虚拟机管理-7.脚本安装虚拟机][Linux_-7.]  
这里列出，我自己写的脚本

#!bin/bash
    virt-install \
    --name $1 \
    --memory 1000 \
    --vcpus 1 \
    --disk /var/lib/libvirt/images/$1.qcow2,size=8,bus=virtio \
    --network bridge=br0,model=virtio \
    --location http://172.25.254.120/tomcat-mh \
    --extra-args "ks=http://172.25.254.120/ks.cfg" &

*执行脚本的格式*

sh	脚本		虚拟机名称

### 2.启动定制软件 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20190121182610131.png]  
*基础配置：默认语言、键盘格式、时区、超级用户密码*![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
*安装路径及方式*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
*安装类型、参数*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
*分区信息：分区个数及类型*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
*boot分区*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
*swap分区*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
*/分区*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
*网络配置*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
*身份认证配置*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
*防火墙配置*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
*显示配置（不需要图形界面，就不打钩。不打钩，不然会影响脚本自动安装）*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
*安装包配置（有BUG，可以一会直接在生成的文件中进行设置）*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
*预安装执行脚本*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
*安装后执行脚本*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]  
*点击file->save*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]  
*名字默认就好*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]

### 3.编辑文件内容 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20190121184453397.png]  
*在后面添加*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

### 4.启动http服务，关闭防火墙服务 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20190121184619978.png]  
*在浏览器输入：172.25.254.120/ks.cfg*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]

### 5.说明httpd服务成功开启，执行安装脚本 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]  
*开始自动安装*  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190121184933233.png]  
*配置选项自动选好*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]  
*组件安装完毕*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]  
*系统安装成功*  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTcwMzY5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190121185125270.png]

脚本自动安装Linux系统总结就是这些。

[yum]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43570369/article/details/86571477
[Linux_-7.]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43570369/article/details/86556914
[20190121182610131.png]: /images/20220325/352617cb994a4000a30063dcd3d1ec21.png
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