CefInitialize崩潰 && Cef白屏

墨蓝 2022-03-25 08:00 284阅读 0赞

转载自：[https://www.itread01.com/content/1545912422.html][https_www.itread01.com_content_1545912422.html]

新建一個MFC Dialog工程，然後仿照CefSimple模仿實現自己的一個基於MFC視窗的Demo（具體程式碼稍後上），注意我僅僅只配置了所需要依賴的lib，並沒有把CefSample的配置一起Copy，所以才導致後面的白屏，浪費了我一天時間。  
**坑一：CefInitialize崩潰**  
也許這個坑很多網友都遇到過，所以尋找度孃的時候問題很快就解決了，就是exe執行環境缺少必須要的資源包（不僅僅dll，所以圖方便我們直接從CefSimple環境拷貝出來）。  
![在這裡插入圖片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NBaXIy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**坑二：Cef白屏**  
當出現白屏的時候我第一反應就是程式碼有bug，於是我從MFC工程切換到win32工程，從子視窗切換到Popup，各種嘗試都不行，最後我把CefSimple整個工程拷貝過來，然後按照我的配置修改編譯依舊白屏，此刻問題基本確定：工程配置不對。但是工程配置有什麼不對呢？只能一點點的比較，終於在最後發現：後期生成事件沒有配置。命令如下：

setlocal
    mt.exe -nologo -manifest "H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/tests/cefsimple/cefsimple.exe.manifest" "H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/tests/cefsimple/compatibility.manifest" -outputresource:"E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/cefsimple.exe";#1
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/chrome_elf.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/chrome_elf.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/d3dcompiler_43.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/d3dcompiler_43.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/d3dcompiler_47.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/d3dcompiler_47.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/libcef.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/libcef.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/libEGL.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/libEGL.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/libGLESv2.dll E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/libGLESv2.dll
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/natives_blob.bin E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/natives_blob.bin
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/snapshot_blob.bin E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/snapshot_blob.bin
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/v8_context_snapshot.bin E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/v8_context_snapshot.bin
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_directory H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Debug/swiftshader E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/swiftshader
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/cef.pak E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/cef.pak
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/cef_100_percent.pak E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/cef_100_percent.pak
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/cef_200_percent.pak E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/cef_200_percent.pak
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/cef_extensions.pak E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/cef_extensions.pak
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/devtools_resources.pak E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/devtools_resources.pak
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_if_different H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/icudtl.dat E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/icudtl.dat
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd
    setlocal
    "D:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E copy_directory H:/cef/cef_binary_3.3538.1852.gcb937fc_windows64/Resources/locales E:/project/CefDemo/x64/Debug/locales
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :cmEnd
    :cmEnd
    endlocal & call :cmErrorLevel %errorlevel% & goto :cmDone
    :cmErrorLevel
    exit /b %1
    :cmDone
    if %errorlevel% neq 0 goto :VCEnd

上面命令主要實現兩個功能：  
1.將manifest 檔案嵌入到exe內部。  
2.將所依賴的檔案copy到執行環境(所以如果配置了這個生成後事件，那麼問題一就不需要手動拷貝依賴項了)。

manifest 檔案學習參考：

1.  [什麼是vs 程式的manifest檔案][vs _manifest]
2.  [exe或者dll 嵌入manifest檔案方法][exe_dll _manifest]
3.  [VS2008 manifest檔案簡單應用][VS2008 manifest]

所以白屏的根本原因是缺少manifest檔案，導致執行的時候出問題。  
解決方法兩種：

1.  把上面的程式碼完整Copy到生成後事件裡面去【**記得修改自己的工程目錄**】![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NBaXIy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]
2.  如果之前已經把必要的檔案和資源Copy到了執行環境，那麼我們只需要Copy如下一段程式碼就OK啦（功能就是把manifest檔案嵌入exe內部）【**記得修改自己的工程目錄**】：

下一章節將描述如何把Cef作為一個子視窗整合到MFC工程和win32工程。

[https_www.itread01.com_content_1545912422.html]: https://www.itread01.com/content/1545912422.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NBaXIy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220325/5308851656674c7ba8c52428dcbe272b.png
[vs _manifest]: https://blog.csdn.net/coloriy/article/details/43735819
[exe_dll _manifest]: https://blog.csdn.net/mos2046/article/details/39491541
[VS2008 manifest]: http://www.cnblogs.com/lidabo/p/3482427.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NBaXIy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220325/a14d9ab611ef49d1bb57e96d389b449b.png