Linux C编程--string h函数解析

秒速五厘米 2022-03-21 12:28 375阅读 0赞

**函数名: stpcpy**

**功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个**

**用 法: char \*stpcpy(char \*destin, char \*source);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <string.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char string\[10\];**

**char \*str1 = "abcdefghi";**

**stpcpy(string, str1);**

**printf("%s\\n", string);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strcat**

**功 能: 字符串拼接函数**

**用 法: char \*strcat(char \*destin, char \*source);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char destination\[25\];**

**char \*blank = " ", \*c = "C++", \*Borland = "Borland";**

**strcpy(destination, Borland);**

**strcat(destination, blank);**

**strcat(destination, c);**

**printf("%s\\n", destination);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strchr**

**功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\\**

**用 法: char \*strchr(char \*str, char c);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char string\[15\];**

**char \*ptr, c = 'r';**

**strcpy(string, "This is a string");**

**ptr = strchr(string, c);**

**if (ptr)**

**printf("The character %c is at position: %d\\n", c, ptr-string);**

**else**

**printf("The character was not found\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strcmp**

**功 能: 串比较**

**用 法: int strcmp(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**看Asic码，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；两串相等，返回0**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "aaa", \*buf2 = "bbb", \*buf3 = "ccc";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**else**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\\n");**

**else**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strncmpi**

**功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写**

**用 法: int strncmpi(char \*str1, char \*str2, unsigned maxlen);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "BBB", \*buf2 = "bbb";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr < 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr == 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strcpy**

**功 能: 串拷贝**

**用 法: char \*strcpy(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <string.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char string\[10\];**

**char \*str1 = "abcdefghi";**

**strcpy(string, str1);**

**printf("%s\\n", string);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strcspn**

**功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段**

**用 法: int strcspn(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <alloc.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*string1 = "1234567890";**

**char \*string2 = "747DC8";**

**int length;**

**length = strcspn(string1, string2);**

**printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\\n", length);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strdup**

**功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处**

**用 法: char \*strdup(char \*str);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <alloc.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*dup\_str, \*string = "abcde";**

**dup\_str = strdup(string);**

**printf("%s\\n", dup\_str);**

**free(dup\_str);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: stricmp**

**功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串**

**用 法: int stricmp(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "BBB", \*buf2 = "bbb";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr < 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr == 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strerror**

**功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针**

**用 法: char \*strerror(int errnum);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <errno.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buffer;**

**buffer = strerror(errno);**

**printf("Error: %s\\n", buffer);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strcmpi**

**功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写**

**用 法: int strcmpi(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "BBB", \*buf2 = "bbb";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr < 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr == 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strncmp**

**功 能: 串比较**

**用 法: int strncmp(char \*str1, char \*str2, int maxlen);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "aaabbb", \*buf2 = "bbbccc", \*buf3 = "ccc";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**else**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\\n");**

**else**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\\n");**

**return(0);**

**\}**

**函数名: strncmpi**

**功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写**

**用 法: int strncmpi(char \*str1, char \*str2);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "BBBccc", \*buf2 = "bbbccc";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr < 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr == 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\\n");**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strncpy**

**功 能: 串拷贝**

**用 法: char \*strncpy(char \*destin, char \*source, int maxlen);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**\#include <string.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char string\[10\];**

**char \*str1 = "abcdefghi";**

**strncpy(string, str1, 3);**

**string\[3\] = '\\0';**

**printf("%s\\n", string);**

**return 0;**

**\}**

**函数名: strnicmp**

**功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串**

**用 法: int strnicmp(char \*str1, char \*str2, unsigned maxlen);**

**程序例:**

**\#include <string.h>**

**\#include <stdio.h>**

**int main(void)**

**\{**

**char \*buf1 = "BBBccc", \*buf2 = "bbbccc";**

**int ptr;**

**ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);**

**if (ptr > 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr < 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\\n");**

**if (ptr == 0)**

**printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\\n");**

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Linux C编程--string h函数解析

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