java基础总结(三十四)--HttpClient之配置ssl，采用绕过证书验证实现https

Myth丶恋晨 2022-03-21 05:48 315阅读 0赞

本文来自：[https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335][https_blog.csdn.net_xiaoxian8023_article_details_49865335]

上篇文章说道httpclient不能直接访问https的资源，这次就来模拟一下环境，然后配置https测试一下。在前面的文章中，分享了一篇自己生成并在tomcat中配置ssl的文章《[Tomcat配置SSL][Tomcat_SSL]》（或者[https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/86710102][https_mp.csdn.net_postedit_86710102]），大家可以据此来在本地配置https。我已经配置好了，效果是这样滴：

![Center][]

可以看到已经信任该证书（显示浅绿色小锁），浏览器可以正常访问。现在我们用代码测试一下：

public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException, KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, HttpProcessException {
    		String url = "https://sso.tgb.com:8443/cas/login";
    		String body = send(url, null, "utf-8");
    		System.out.println("交易响应结果：");
    		System.out.println(body);
    		System.out.println("-----------------------------------");
    	}

![Center 1][]

发现抛出了异常，我知道的有两种方案（也许还有我不知道的方案），这里介绍第一种方案，也是用的比较多的方案——绕过证书验证。直接看代码吧：

/**
    	 * 绕过验证
    	 * 	
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
    	 * @throws KeyManagementException 
    	 */
    	public static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
    		SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3");
     
    		// 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法
    		X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
    			@Override
    			public void checkClientTrusted(
    					java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
    					String paramString) throws CertificateException {
    			}
     
    			@Override
    			public void checkServerTrusted(
    					java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
    					String paramString) throws CertificateException {
    			}
     
    			@Override
    			public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
    				return null;
    			}
    		};
     
    		sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);
    		return sc;
    	}

然后修改原来的send方法：

/**
    	 * 模拟请求
    	 * 
    	 * @param url		资源地址
    	 * @param map	参数列表
    	 * @param encoding	编码
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
    	 * @throws KeyManagementException 
    	 * @throws IOException 
    	 * @throws ClientProtocolException 
    	 */
    	public static String send(String url, Map<String,String> map,String encoding) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, ClientProtocolException, IOException {
    		String body = "";
    		//采用绕过验证的方式处理https请求
    		SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL();
    		
            // 设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象
            Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext))
                .build();
            PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
            HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager);
     
            //创建自定义的httpclient对象
    		CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();
    //		CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
    		
    		//创建post方式请求对象
    		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    		
    		//装填参数
    		List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    		if(map!=null){
    			for (Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    				nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
    			}
    		}
    		//设置参数到请求对象中
    		httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, encoding));
     
    		System.out.println("请求地址："+url);
    		System.out.println("请求参数："+nvps.toString());
    		
    		//设置header信息
    		//指定报文头【Content-type】、【User-Agent】
    		httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    		httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");
    		
    		//执行请求操作，并拿到结果（同步阻塞）
    		CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
    		//获取结果实体
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if (entity != null) {
    			//按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型
    			body = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding);
    		}
    		EntityUtils.consume(entity);
    		//释放链接
    		response.close();
            return body;
    	}

现在再进行测试，发现果然通了。

![Center 2][]

下篇介绍另一种方案，应对自己生成的证书，敬请期待。

[https_blog.csdn.net_xiaoxian8023_article_details_49865335]: https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335
[Tomcat_SSL]: http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49619777
[https_mp.csdn.net_postedit_86710102]: https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/86710102
[Center]: /images/20220321/c93117cefaa9482a883589d632335cdd.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220321/573188a0f8c343b9bf5576d0079386d7.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220321/afec17a4992943d3a0406f52cab3e390.png