Elasticsearch API简单操作

拼搏现实的明天。 2022-03-20 15:19 254阅读 0赞

## Elasticsearch API简单操作 ##

在操作Elasticsearch之前，需要先安装Elasticsearch集群，安装博客如：[Elasticsearch集群安装][Elasticsearch]

下面介绍简单介绍Elasticsearch的3中操作方式，分别curl，java，python操作。

#### 1.curl操作 ####

基本上curl操作，通过GET，POST，DELETE操作就OK

具体的模式如下：

curl -X<VERB> '<PROTOCOL>://<HOST>:<PORT>/<PATH>?<QUERY_STRING>' -d '<BODY>'

**POST操作**（PUT操作类似）

# 这里的people表示index，sanguo表示type，1表示id
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/1' -d '{"name":"caocao","age":32,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/2' -d '{"name":"liubei","age":30,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/3' -d '{"name":"guanyu","age":28,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/4' -d '{"name":"zhangfei","age":27,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/5' -d '{"name":"sunquan","age":25,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/6' -d '{"name":"zhouyu","age":30,"sex":"male"}'
    
    curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/7' -d '{"name":"xiaoqiao","age":24,"sex":"female"}'

**GET操作**

# 查找index为people，type为sanguo，id为1的数据
    curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/1'
    
    
    # 查找所有的数据
    curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search' -d '
    {
        "query": {
            "match_all": {}
        }
    }'
    
    
    # 全部扫描，查找name字段为caocao的数据
    curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search?q=name:caocao'
    
    
    # 全部扫描，查找name字段为caocao的数据
    curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search' -d '{"query": {"match": {"name":"caocao"}}}'

#### 2.Java api操作 ####

pom.xml文件依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>6.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>transport</artifactId>
            <version>6.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

java代码

package com.test;
    
    
    import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteResponse;
    import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
    import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
    import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
    import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
    import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
    import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
    import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
    import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;
    
    import java.net.InetAddress;
    import java.net.UnknownHostException;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
    
    public class ESDemo {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    
            Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                    .put("cluster.name", "my-application")
                    .put("client.transport.sniff", true)
                    .build();
    
    
            // 获取client的客户端对象
            TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddress(
                    new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"), 9300));
    
    //        insertId(client);
    //        updateId(client);
    
            getId(client);
            getId2(client);
    
            searchAll(client);
            searchMatch(client, "30");
            searchMatch(client, "xiaoqiao");
            searchBoolMatch(client);
            searchFilterMatch(client);
    
    
    
            client.close();
        }
    
        // 更新操作
        private static void updateId(TransportClient client) {
            Map source = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            source.put("name", "zhugeliang");
            source.put("age", 26);
            source.put("sex", "male");
            UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("people", "sanguo", "8").setDoc(source).execute().actionGet();
            DocWriteResponse.Result result = response.getResult();
            System.out.println(result);
        }
    
        // 过滤及范围查询
        private static void searchFilterMatch(TransportClient client) {
            QueryBuilder q = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte("25").lt("32");
            SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people")
                    .setQuery(q)
                    .setFrom(0) //从第一个开始
                    .setSize(5) // 取5个数据
                    .addSort("age", SortOrder.DESC) // 排序规则
                    .execute()
                    .actionGet();
    
            SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
            for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
        // 匹配查询，根据条件匹配查询
        private static void searchBoolMatch(TransportClient client) {
    
            QueryBuilder q = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                    .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "caocao"))
                    .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age", "32"));
    
            SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people").setQuery(q).execute().actionGet();
    
            SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
            for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
    
        // 全部扫描
        private static void searchMatch(TransportClient client, String query) {
            QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery(query);
            SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people").setQuery(queryBuilder).execute().actionGet();
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
            SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
            for (SearchHit hit : hitsHits) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
        // 通过id查找
        private static void getId(TransportClient client) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
            // get index/type/id
            GetResponse getResponse = client.prepareGet("people", "sanguo", "1").execute().get();
            Map<String, Object> source1 = getResponse.getSource();
            System.out.println(source1);
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
    
        // 通过id查找
        private static void getId2(TransportClient client) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
            // get 另外一种形式
            String source = client.prepareGet().setIndex("people").setType("sanguo").setId("3").execute().actionGet().getSourceAsString();
            System.out.println(source);
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
        // 扫描所有的数据
        private static void searchAll(TransportClient client) {
            // search 搜索
            SearchHits search = client.prepareSearch().execute().actionGet().getHits();
    
            SearchHit[] hits = search.getHits();
    
            for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
                String string = hit.getSourceAsString();
                System.out.println(string);
            }
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
        // 插入一条数据
        private static void insertId(TransportClient client) {
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("name", "zhugeliang");
            map.put("age", "26");
            map.put("sex", "male");
            IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex().setIndex("people").setType("sanguo").setId("8").setSource(map).execute().actionGet();
            DocWriteResponse.Result result = response.getResult();
            System.out.println(result);
            System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        }
    
    }

#### 3.python api 操作 ####

pip安装elasticsearch

> `pip install elasticsearch`

**python操作代码**

python api比较简单，因为返回的是一个Doc文档，是dict类型，我们只需要对从dict中获取数据就好。

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    
        es = Elasticsearch(hosts="localhost")
    
        res = es.get("people", "sanguo", "1")
        print(res)
    
        print("---" * 20)
    
        res2 = es.search(index='people')
        print(type(res2))
        for i in res2["hits"]["hits"]:
            print(i["_source"])
    
        print("---" * 20)
    
        res3 = es.search(index="people", body={"query": {"match": {"name": "caocao"}}})
        for i in res3["hits"]["hits"]:
            print(i["_source"])
    
        print("---" * 20)
    
        # res4 = es.index(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9", body={"name": "lubu", "age": 30, "sex": "male"})
        # print(res4)
    
        # res5 = es.delete(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9")
        # print(res5)
    
        res6 = es.index(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9",
                        body={"name": "sunshangxiang", "age": 25, "sex": "female"})
        print(res6)
    
        print("---" * 20)

[Elasticsearch]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33689414/article/details/80365003