centos7.6安装docker v18.09

た入场券 2022-03-20 15:10 298阅读 0赞

### 一.前言 ###

Docker采用了集装箱原理，我们将程序放入到容器中，实现“一次封装，到处运行”，只要开发环境能跑，在其他任何流行的机器上都能运行。并且将程序丢入到容器中，很好的实现了程序与程序之间的隔离，避免了类似Java开发的程序和.net开发的程序安装在一个服务器上需要很多调试，有时还会产生冲突的情况。

官方Docker安装文档：[https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos][https_docs.docker.com_install_linux_docker-ce_centos]  
阿里云Docker安装文档：[https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/110806][https_yq.aliyun.com_articles_110806]  
Docker官方文档：[https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/][https_docs.docker.com_install_linux_docker-ce_centos 1]

### 二.安装详细步骤 ###

系统是centos 7.6 版本

##### 1.查看系统内容 uname -r #####

[root@localhost /]# uname -r
    3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64

如果版本过低, sudo yum update 升级到最新

##### 2.卸载旧版本(如果安装过旧版本的话) #####

$ sudo yum remove docker \
                      docker-client \
                      docker-client-latest \
                      docker-common \
                      docker-latest \
                      docker-latest-logrotate \
                      docker-logrotate \
                      docker-engine

##### 3.配置阿里云Docker Yum源 #####

（1）安装需要的软件包， yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的

sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

（2）设置yum源

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

##### 4.查看Docker版本以及安装 #####

命令: yum list docker-ce

[root@localhost /]# yum list docker-ce
    已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.cn99.com
     * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
     * updates: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
    可安装的软件包
    docker-ce.x86_64

安装Docker最新版本

sudo yum install docker-ce

##### 5.启动Docker服务并加入开机启动 #####

$ sudo systemctl start docker
    $ sudo systemctl enable docker

##### 6.查看docker版本 #####

[root@localhost /]# docker version
    Client:
     Version:           18.09.0
     API version:       1.39
     Go version:        go1.10.4
     Git commit:        4d60db4
     Built:             Wed Nov  7 00:48:22 2018
     OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
     Experimental:      false
    
    Server: Docker Engine - Community
     Engine:
      Version:          18.09.0
      API version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
      Go version:       go1.10.4
      Git commit:       4d60db4
      Built:            Wed Nov  7 00:19:08 2018
      OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
      Experimental:     false

如图所示，我们的安装已经完成。

##### 7.运行hello world测试 #####

安装完成之后，我们来使用docker来测试一下HelloWorld，通过输入docker pull hello-world来拉取hello-world镜像

[root@localhost /]# docker pull hello-world
    Using default tag: latest
    latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
    1b930d010525: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:2557e3c07ed1e38f26e389462d03ed943586f744621577a99efb77324b0fe535
    Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

这样我们就从仓库拉取到了Hello World的镜像，接下来我们来运行一下，通过输入docker run hello-world

[root@localhost usr]# docker run hello-world
    
    Hello from Docker!
    This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
    
    To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
     1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
     2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
        (amd64)
     3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
        executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
     4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
        to your terminal.
    
    To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
     $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
    
    Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
     https://hub.docker.com/
    
    For more examples and ideas, visit:
     https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

##### 8.卸载 #####

查询安装过的包

yum list installed | grep docker

[root@localhost /]# yum list installed | grep docker
    containerd.io.x86_64                    1.2.0-3.el7                    @docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64                        3:18.09.0-3.el7                @docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce-cli.x86_64                    1:18.09.0-3.el7                @docker-ce-stable

删除安装的软件包

yum -y remove docker-ce.x86_64

删除镜像/容器等

rm -rf /var/lib/docker

[https_docs.docker.com_install_linux_docker-ce_centos]: https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos
[https_yq.aliyun.com_articles_110806]: https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/110806
[https_docs.docker.com_install_linux_docker-ce_centos 1]: https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/