Python通过代理多线程抓取图片，嘿嘿，老司机都懂的

小灰灰 2022-03-20 14:58 197阅读 0赞

**前言**  
Python作为一门功能强大的脚本语言，经常被用来写爬虫程序，下面是Python通过代理多线程抓取图片代码

Python爬虫多线程抓取代理服务器参考： [http://www.linuxeye.com/program/1763.html][http_www.linuxeye.com_program_1763.html]  
说明：

1.  多线程方式抓取代理服务器，并多线程验证代理服务器

ps 代理服务器是从http://www.cnproxy.com/ （测试只选择了8个页面）抓取

1.  抓取一个网站的图片地址，多线程随机取一个代理服务器下载图片

ps 图片网站地址:[http://www.ivsky.com][http_www.ivsky.com]（测试只选择了有限的页面数）

#!/usr/bin/env python
    #BLOG:blog.linuxeye.com
    #coding:utf-8
    
    import urllib2
    import re
    import threading
    import time
    import random
    
    rawProxyList = []
    checkedProxyList = []
    imgurl_list = []
    
    #抓取代理网站
    portdicts ={'v':"3",'m':"4",'a':"2",'l':"9",'q':"0",'b':"5",'i':"7",'w':"6",'r':"8",'c':"1"}
    targets = []
    for i in xrange(1,9):
            target = r"http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy%d.html" % i
            targets.append(target)
    #print targets
    
    #抓取代理服务器正则
    p = re.compile(r'''<tr><td>(.+?)<SCRIPT type=text/javascript>document.write\(":"\+(.+?)\)</SCRIPT></td><td>(.+?)</td><td>.+?</td><td>(.+?)</td></tr>''')
    
    #获取代理的类
    class ProxyGet(threading.Thread):
        def __init__(self,target):
            threading.Thread.__init__(self)
            self.target = target
    
        def getProxy(self):
            print "代理服务器目标网站： " + self.target
            req = urllib2.urlopen(self.target)
            result = req.read()
            #print chardet.detect(result)
            matchs = p.findall(result)
            for row in matchs:
                ip=row[0]
                port =row[1]
                port = map(lambda x:portdicts[x],port.split('+'))
                port = ''.join(port)
                agent = row[2]
                addr = row[3].decode("cp936").encode("utf-8")
                proxy = [ip,port,addr]
                #print proxy
                rawProxyList.append(proxy)
    
        def run(self):
            self.getProxy()
    
    #检验代理的类
    class ProxyCheck(threading.Thread):
        def __init__(self,proxyList):
            threading.Thread.__init__(self)
            self.proxyList = proxyList
            self.timeout = 5
            self.testUrl = "http://www.baidu.com/"
            self.testStr = "030173"
    
        def checkProxy(self):
            cookies = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor()
            for proxy in self.proxyList:
                proxyHandler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http" : r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])})
                #print r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])
                opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookies,proxyHandler)
                opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0')] 
                #urllib2.install_opener(opener)
                t1 = time.time()
    
                try:
                    #req = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com", timeout=self.timeout)
                    req = opener.open(self.testUrl, timeout=self.timeout)
                    #print "urlopen is ok...."
                    result = req.read()
                    #print "read html...."
                    timeused = time.time() - t1
                    pos = result.find(self.testStr)
                    #print "pos is %s" %pos
    
                    if pos > 1:
                        checkedProxyList.append((proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused))
                        #print "ok ip: %s %s %s %s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused)
                    else:
                         continue
                except Exception,e:
                    #print e.message
                    continue
    
        def run(self):
            self.checkProxy()
    
    #获取图片地址函数
    def imgurlList(url_home):
        global imgurl_list
        home_page = urllib2.urlopen(url_home)
        url_re = re.compile(r'<li><a href="(.+?)" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">')
        pic_re = re.compile(r'<img src="(.*?\.\w{3,4})"')
        url_list = re.findall(url_re,home_page.read())
        for url in url_list:
            #print url_home+url
            url_page = urllib2.urlopen(url_home+url)
            for imgurlList in re.findall(pic_re,url_page.read()):
                imgurl_list.append(imgurlList)
    
    #下载图片的类
    class getPic(threading.Thread):
        def __init__(self,imgurl_list):
            threading.Thread.__init__(self)
            self.imgurl_list = imgurl_list 
            self.timeout = 5
        def downloadimg(self):
            for imgurl in self.imgurl_list:
                pic_suffix = imgurl.split('.')[-1] #获取图片后缀
                pic_name = str(random.randint(0,10000000000))+'.'+pic_suffix
                cookies = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor()
                randomCheckedProxy = random.choice(checkedProxyList) #随机取一组代理服务器
                proxyHandler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http" : r'http://%s:%s' %(randomCheckedProxy[0],randomCheckedProxy[1])})
                opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookies,proxyHandler)
                opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0')]
                urllib2.install_opener(opener)
                try:
                    data_img = opener.open(imgurl,timeout=self.timeout)
                    f = open (pic_name,'wb')
                    f.write(data_img.read())
                    f.close()
                except:
                    continue
        def run(self):
            self.downloadimg()
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        getThreads = []
        checkThreads = []
        imgurlList('http://www.ivsky.com')
        getPicThreads = []
    
    #对每个目标网站开启一个线程负责抓取代理
    for i in range(len(targets)):
        t = ProxyGet(targets[i])
        getThreads.append(t)
    
    for i in range(len(getThreads)):
        getThreads[i].start()
    
    for i in range(len(getThreads)):
        getThreads[i].join()
    
    print '.'*10+"总共抓取了%s个代理" %len(rawProxyList) +'.'*10
    
    #开启20个线程负责校验，将抓取到的代理分成20份，每个线程校验一份
    for i in range(20):
        t = ProxyCheck(rawProxyList[((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * i:((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * (i+1)])
        checkThreads.append(t)
    
    for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
        checkThreads[i].start()
    
    for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
        checkThreads[i].join()
    
    print '.'*10+"总共有%s个代理通过校验" %len(checkedProxyList) +'.'*10
    
    #开启20个线程随机取一个代理下载图片
    for i in range(20):
        t = getPic(imgurl_list[((len(imgurl_list)+19)/20) * i:((len(imgurl_list)+19)/20) * (i+1)])
        getPicThreads.append(t)
    
    for i in range(len(getPicThreads)):
        getPicThreads[i].start()
    
    for i in range(len(getPicThreads)):
        getPicThreads[i].join()
    
    print '.'*10+"总共有%s个图片下载" %len(imgurl_list) +'.'*10
    
    #代理排序持久化
    f= open("proxy_list.txt",'w+')
    for proxy in sorted(checkedProxyList,cmp=lambda x,y:cmp(x[3],y[3])):
        #print "checked proxy is: %s:%s\t%s\t%s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3])
        f.write("%s:%s\t%s\t%s\n"%(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3]))
    f.close()

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测试结果：

# ls
    proxy_getpic.py
    # python proxy_getpic.py
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy1.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy2.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy3.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy4.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy5.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy6.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy7.html
    代理服务器目标网站： http://www.cnproxy.com/proxy8.html
    ..........总共抓取了800个代理..........
    ..........总共有458个代理通过校验..........
    ..........总共有154个图片下载..........
    # cat proxy_list.txt | more
    173.213.113.111:3128    United States   0.432188987732
    173.213.113.111:8089    United States   0.441318035126
    173.213.113.111:7808    United States   0.444597005844
    110.4.24.170:80 香港 香港移动通讯有限公司       0.489440202713
    211.142.236.135:8080    湖南省株洲市 移动       0.490673780441
    211.142.236.135:8081    湖南省株洲市 移动       0.518096923828
    211.142.236.135:8000    湖南省株洲市 移动       0.51860499382
    211.142.236.135:8082    湖南省株洲市 移动       0.520448207855
    # ls
    1001117689.jpg  3097883176.jpg  5234319709.jpg  7012274766.jpg  8504924248.jpg
    1076458640.jpg  3144369522.jpg  5387877704.jpg  7106183143.jpg  867723868.jpg
    1198548712.jpg  3161307031.jpg  5572092752.jpg  7361254661.jpg  8746315373.jpg
    165738192.jpg   3228008315.jpg  5575388077.jpg  7389537793.jpg  8848973192.jpg
    1704512138.jpg  3306931164.jpg  5610740708.jpg  7407358698.jpg  8973834958.jpg
    1742167711.jpg  3320152673.jpg  5717429022.jpg  7561176207.jpg  8976862152.jpg

[http_www.linuxeye.com_program_1763.html]: http://www.linuxeye.com/program/1763.html
[http_www.ivsky.com]: http://www.ivsky.com