java读取大数据量excel优秀解决方案，读取数十万数据量数据excel数据

系统管理员 2022-03-18 08:30 354阅读 0赞

### 此方式是将excel数据读取以List<String\[\]> 形式存放，需要传入excel文件路径，sheetName，excel列数，其中excel列数需要与excel列数一致 ###

package pdata;
    /* ==================================================================== 
       Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
       contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with 
       this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. 
       The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 
       (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with 
       the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at 
     
           http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
     
       Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
       distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
       WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
       See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
       limitations under the License. 
    ==================================================================== */  
      
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.PrintStream;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
     
    import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
     
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPalette;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
    import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.OpenXML4JException;
    import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
    import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageAccess;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BuiltinFormats;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.ReadOnlySharedStringsTable;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.StylesTable;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFColor;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
    import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
    import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
    import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
    import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
    import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
      
    /** 
     * 使用CVS模式解决XLSX文件，可以有效解决用户模式内存溢出的问题 
     * 该模式是POI官方推荐的读取大数据的模式，在用户模式下，数据量较大、Sheet较多、或者是有很多无用的空行的情况 
     * ，容易出现内存溢出,用户模式读取Excel的典型代码如下： FileInputStream file=new 
     * FileInputStream("c:\\test.xlsx"); Workbook wb=new XSSFWorkbook(file); 
     *  
     *  
     * @author 山人 
     */  
    public class XLSXCovertCSVReader {  
      
        /** 
         * The type of the data value is indicated by an attribute on the cell. The 
         * value is usually in a "v" element within the cell. 
         */  
        enum xssfDataType {  
            BOOL, ERROR, FORMULA, INLINESTR, SSTINDEX, NUMBER,  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 使用xssf_sax_API处理Excel,请参考： http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/how-to.html#xssf_sax_api 
         * <p/> 
         * Also see Standard ECMA-376, 1st edition, part 4, pages 1928ff, at 
         * http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm 
         * <p/> 
         * A web-friendly version is http://openiso.org/Ecma/376/Part4 
         */  
        class MyXSSFSheetHandler extends DefaultHandler {  
      
            /** 
             * Table with styles 
             */  
            private StylesTable stylesTable;  
      
            /** 
             * Table with unique strings 
             */  
            private ReadOnlySharedStringsTable sharedStringsTable;  
      
            /** 
             * Destination for data 
             */  
            private final PrintStream output;  
      
            /** 
             * Number of columns to read starting with leftmost 
             */  
            private final int minColumnCount;  
      
            // Set when V start element is seen  
            private boolean vIsOpen;  
      
            // Set when cell start element is seen;  
            // used when cell close element is seen.  
            private xssfDataType nextDataType;  
      
            // Used to format numeric cell values.  
            private short formatIndex;  
            private String formatString;  
            private final DataFormatter formatter;  
      
            private int thisColumn = -1;  
            // The last column printed to the output stream  
            private int lastColumnNumber = -1;  
      
            // Gathers characters as they are seen.  
            private StringBuffer value;  
            private String[] record;  
            private List<String[]> rows = new ArrayList<String[]>();  
            private boolean isCellNull = false;  
      
            /** 
             * Accepts objects needed while parsing. 
             *  
             * @param styles 
             *            Table of styles 
             * @param strings 
             *            Table of shared strings 
             * @param cols 
             *            Minimum number of columns to show 
             * @param target 
             *            Sink for output 
             */  
            public MyXSSFSheetHandler(StylesTable styles,  
                    ReadOnlySharedStringsTable strings, int cols, PrintStream target) {  
                this.stylesTable = styles;  
                this.sharedStringsTable = strings;  
                this.minColumnCount = cols;  
                this.output = target;  
                this.value = new StringBuffer();  
                this.nextDataType = xssfDataType.NUMBER;  
                this.formatter = new DataFormatter();  
                record = new String[this.minColumnCount];  
                rows.clear();// 每次读取都清空行集合  
            }  
      
            /* 
             * (non-Javadoc) 
             *  
             * @see 
             * org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler#startElement(java.lang.String, 
             * java.lang.String, java.lang.String, org.xml.sax.Attributes) 
             */  
            public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,  
                    Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {  
      
                if ("inlineStr".equals(name) || "v".equals(name)) {  
                    vIsOpen = true;  
                    // Clear contents cache  
                    value.setLength(0);  
                }  
                // c => cell  
                else if ("c".equals(name)) {  
                    // Get the cell reference  
                    String r = attributes.getValue("r");  
                    int firstDigit = -1;  
                    for (int c = 0; c < r.length(); ++c) {  
                        if (Character.isDigit(r.charAt(c))) {  
                            firstDigit = c;  
                            break;  
                        }  
                    }  
                    thisColumn = nameToColumn(r.substring(0, firstDigit));  
      
                    // Set up defaults.  
                    this.nextDataType = xssfDataType.NUMBER;  
                    this.formatIndex = -1;  
                    this.formatString = null;  
                    String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");  
                    String cellStyleStr = attributes.getValue("s");  
                    if ("b".equals(cellType))  
                        nextDataType = xssfDataType.BOOL;  
                    else if ("e".equals(cellType))  
                        nextDataType = xssfDataType.ERROR;  
                    else if ("inlineStr".equals(cellType))  
                        nextDataType = xssfDataType.INLINESTR;  
                    else if ("s".equals(cellType))  
                        nextDataType = xssfDataType.SSTINDEX;  
                    else if ("str".equals(cellType))  
                        nextDataType = xssfDataType.FORMULA;  
                    else if (cellStyleStr != null) {  
                        // It's a number, but almost certainly one  
                        // with a special style or format  
                        int styleIndex = Integer.parseInt(cellStyleStr);  
                        XSSFCellStyle style = stylesTable.getStyleAt(styleIndex);  
                        this.formatIndex = style.getDataFormat();  
                        this.formatString = style.getDataFormatString();  
                        if (this.formatString == null)  
                            this.formatString = BuiltinFormats  
                                    .getBuiltinFormat(this.formatIndex);  
                    }  
                }  
      
            }  
      
            /* 
             * (non-Javadoc) 
             *  
             * @see org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler#endElement(java.lang.String, 
             * java.lang.String, java.lang.String) 
             */  
            public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)  
                    throws SAXException {  
      
                String thisStr = null;  
      
                // v => contents of a cell  
                if ("v".equals(name)) {  
                    // Process the value contents as required.  
                    // Do now, as characters() may be called more than once  
                    switch (nextDataType) {  
      
                    case BOOL:  
                        char first = value.charAt(0);  
                        thisStr = first == '0' ? "FALSE" : "TRUE";  
                        break;  
      
                    case ERROR:  
                        thisStr = "\"ERROR:" + value.toString() + '"';  
                        break;  
      
                    case FORMULA:  
                        // A formula could result in a string value,  
                        // so always add double-quote characters.  
                        //thisStr = '"' + value.toString() + '"';  
                        thisStr =value.toString();  
                        break;  
      
                    case INLINESTR:  
                        // TODO: have seen an example of this, so it's untested.  
                        XSSFRichTextString rtsi = new XSSFRichTextString(  
                                value.toString());  
                       // thisStr = '"' + rtsi.toString() + '"';  
                        thisStr = rtsi.toString() ;  
                        break;  
      
                    case SSTINDEX:  
                        String sstIndex = value.toString();  
                        try {  
                            int idx = Integer.parseInt(sstIndex);  
                            XSSFRichTextString rtss = new XSSFRichTextString(  
                                    sharedStringsTable.getEntryAt(idx));  
                            //thisStr = '"' + rtss.toString() + '"';  
                            thisStr =rtss.toString();  
                        } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {  
                            output.println("Failed to parse SST index '" + sstIndex  
                                    + "': " + ex.toString());  
                        }  
                        break;  
      
                    case NUMBER:  
                        String n = value.toString();  
                        // 判断是否是日期格式  
                        if (HSSFDateUtil.isADateFormat(this.formatIndex, n)) {  
                            Double d = Double.parseDouble(n);  
                            Date date=HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate(d);  
                            thisStr=formateDateToString(date);  
                        } else if (this.formatString != null)  
                            thisStr = formatter.formatRawCellContents(  
                                    Double.parseDouble(n), this.formatIndex,  
                                    this.formatString);  
                        else  
                            thisStr = n;  
                        break;  
      
                    default:  
                        thisStr = "(TODO: Unexpected type: " + nextDataType + ")";  
                        break;  
                    }  
      
                    // Output after we've seen the string contents  
                    // Emit commas for any fields that were missing on this row  
                    if (lastColumnNumber == -1) {  
                        lastColumnNumber = 0;  
                    }  
                    //判断单元格的值是否为空  
                    if (thisStr == null || "".equals(isCellNull)) {  
                        isCellNull = true;// 设置单元格是否为空值  
                    }  
                    record[thisColumn] = thisStr;  
                    // Update column  
                    if (thisColumn > -1)  
                        lastColumnNumber = thisColumn;  
      
                } else if ("row".equals(name)) {  
      
                    // Print out any missing commas if needed  
                    if (minColumns > 0) {  
                        // Columns are 0 based  
                        if (lastColumnNumber == -1) {  
                            lastColumnNumber = 0;  
                        }  
    //                    if (isCellNull == false && record[0] != null  
    //                            && record[1] != null)// 判断是否空行  
                        if (isCellNull == false )// 判断是否空行  
                        {  
                            rows.add(record.clone());  
                            isCellNull = false;  
                            for (int i = 0; i < record.length; i++) {  
                                record[i] = null;  
                            }  
                        }  
                    }  
                    lastColumnNumber = -1;  
                }  
      
            }  
      
            public List<String[]> getRows() {  
                return rows;  
            }  
      
            public void setRows(List<String[]> rows) {  
                this.rows = rows;  
            }  
      
            /** 
             * Captures characters only if a suitable element is open. Originally 
             * was just "v"; extended for inlineStr also. 
             */  
            public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)  
                    throws SAXException {  
                if (vIsOpen)  
                    value.append(ch, start, length);  
            }  
      
            /** 
             * Converts an Excel column name like "C" to a zero-based index. 
             *  
             * @param name 
             * @return Index corresponding to the specified name 
             */  
            private int nameToColumn(String name) {  
                int column = -1;  
                for (int i = 0; i < name.length(); ++i) {  
                    int c = name.charAt(i);  
                    column = (column + 1) * 26 + c - 'A';  
                }  
                return column;  
            }  
      
            private String formateDateToString(Date date) {  
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//格式化日期  
                return sdf.format(date);  
      
            }  
      
        }  
      
        // /  
      
        private OPCPackage xlsxPackage;  
        private int minColumns;  
        private PrintStream output;  
        private String sheetName;  
      
        /** 
         * Creates a new XLSX -> CSV converter 
         *  
         * @param pkg 
         *            The XLSX package to process 
         * @param output 
         *            The PrintStream to output the CSV to 
         * @param minColumns 
         *            The minimum number of columns to output, or -1 for no minimum 
         */  
        public XLSXCovertCSVReader(OPCPackage pkg, PrintStream output,  
                String sheetName, int minColumns) {  
            this.xlsxPackage = pkg;  
            this.output = output;  
            this.minColumns = minColumns;  
            this.sheetName = sheetName;  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * Parses and shows the content of one sheet using the specified styles and 
         * shared-strings tables. 
         *  
         * @param styles 
         * @param strings 
         * @param sheetInputStream 
         */  
        public List<String[]> processSheet(StylesTable styles,  
                ReadOnlySharedStringsTable strings, InputStream sheetInputStream)  
                throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException {  
      
            InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheetInputStream);  
            SAXParserFactory saxFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();  
            SAXParser saxParser = saxFactory.newSAXParser();  
            XMLReader sheetParser = saxParser.getXMLReader();  
            MyXSSFSheetHandler handler = new MyXSSFSheetHandler(styles, strings,  
                    this.minColumns, this.output);  
            sheetParser.setContentHandler(handler);  
            sheetParser.parse(sheetSource);  
            return handler.getRows();  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 初始化这个处理程序 将 
         *  
         * @throws IOException 
         * @throws OpenXML4JException 
         * @throws ParserConfigurationException 
         * @throws SAXException 
         */  
        public List<String[]> process() throws IOException, OpenXML4JException,  
                ParserConfigurationException, SAXException {  
      
            ReadOnlySharedStringsTable strings = new ReadOnlySharedStringsTable(  
                    this.xlsxPackage);  
            XSSFReader xssfReader = new XSSFReader(this.xlsxPackage);  
            List<String[]> list = null;  
            StylesTable styles = xssfReader.getStylesTable();  
            XSSFReader.SheetIterator iter = (XSSFReader.SheetIterator) xssfReader  
                    .getSheetsData();  
            int index = 0;  
            while (iter.hasNext()) {  
                InputStream stream = iter.next();  
                String sheetNameTemp = iter.getSheetName();  
                if (this.sheetName.equals(sheetNameTemp)) {  
                    list = processSheet(styles, strings, stream);  
                    stream.close();  
                    ++index;  
                }  
            }  
            return list;  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 读取Excel 
         *  
         * @param path 
         *            文件路径 
         * @param sheetName 
         *            sheet名称 
         * @param minColumns 
         *            列总数 
         * @return 
         * @throws SAXException 
         * @throws ParserConfigurationException 
         * @throws OpenXML4JException 
         * @throws IOException 
         */  
        private static List<String[]> readerExcel(String path, String sheetName,  
                int minColumns) throws IOException, OpenXML4JException,  
                ParserConfigurationException, SAXException {  
            OPCPackage p = OPCPackage.open(path, PackageAccess.READ);  
            XLSXCovertCSVReader xlsx2csv = new XLSXCovertCSVReader(p, System.out,  
                    sheetName, minColumns);  
            List<String[]> list = xlsx2csv.process();  
            p.close();  
            return list;  
        }  
        
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        	System.out.println("开始导入数据...");
            List<String[]> list = XLSXCovertCSVReader  
                    .readerExcel(  
                            "D:\\book.xlsx",  
                            "Sheet1", 10);  
            Map map1=new HashMap();
            Map map2=new HashMap();
            for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
            	String[] record=list.get(i);
            	if(record[9]!=null&&record[9].equals("已有")){
            		map1.put(record[2], record[2]);
            	}else{
            		map2.put(record[2], record[2]);
            	}
            }
            System.out.println("数据书目数据为"+list.size()+"条");
            System.out.println("查出书目数据为"+map1.size()+"条");
            System.out.println("已有书目数据为"+map2.size()+"条");
            System.out.println("导入数据成功，开始分析数据...");
            boolean bool=createExcelFile(list,map1,map2);
            if(bool){
            	System.out.println("执行成功!");
            }
        }
        
        static String newExcelPath=("d:\\book2.xlsx");
        public static boolean createExcelFile(List list ,Map map1,Map map2) {
        	
        	         boolean isCreateSuccess = false;
        	         SXSSFWorkbook  workbook = null;
        	         try {
        	             // XSSFWork used for .xslx (>= 2007), HSSWorkbook for 03 .xsl
        	             workbook = new  SXSSFWorkbook(500);//HSSFWorkbook();//WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
        	         }catch(Exception e) {
        	             System.out.println("It cause Error on CREATING excel workbook: ");
        	             e.printStackTrace();
        	         }
        	         if(workbook != null) {
        	        	 CellStyle  style =workbook.createCellStyle() ;
        	        	 style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.LIGHT_GREEN.getIndex());
        	        	 HSSFPalette customPalette = workbook.getCustomPalette();  
        	        	// HSSFColor newColor = customPalette.addColor((byte) 153, (byte) 204, (byte) 255);
        	        	 style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        	             Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("testdata");
        	             System.out.println(sheet.getColumnWidth(0));
        	             for (int rowNum = 0; rowNum < list.size(); rowNum++) {
        	                 Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
        	                 String[] record=(String[])list.get(rowNum);
        	                 for(int i=0;i<record.length;i++){
        	                	  sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 3000);
        	                	  sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 12000);
        	                	  Cell cell = row.createCell(i, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
        	                	  cell.setCellValue(record[i]);
        	                	  if(record[9]!=null&&record[9].equals("已有")){
        	                		  if(map2.get(record[2])!=null){
        	                			  row.createCell(10, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue("重复");
        	                		  }
        	                	  }else{
        	                		  if(map1.get(record[2])!=null){
        	                			  row.createCell(10, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue("重复");
        	                		  }
        	                		  cell.setCellStyle(style);
        	                	  }
        	                 }
        	             }
        	             System.out.println("分析数据完成，开始写入文件...");
        	             try {
        	                 FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(newExcelPath);
        	                 workbook.write(outputStream);
        	                 outputStream.flush();
        	                 outputStream.close();
        	                 isCreateSuccess = true;
        	             } catch (Exception e) {
        	                 System.out.println("It cause Error on WRITTING excel workbook: ");
        	                 e.printStackTrace();
        	             }
        	         }
        	         File sss = new File(newExcelPath);
        	         System.out.println(sss.getAbsolutePath());
        	         return isCreateSuccess;
        	     }
    }

转自:[https://blog.csdn.net/xuyelong1/article/details/46928627][https_blog.csdn.net_xuyelong1_article_details_46928627]

[https_blog.csdn.net_xuyelong1_article_details_46928627]: https://blog.csdn.net/xuyelong1/article/details/46928627