PythonOCC进阶学习：界面设计——重新打造主界面

叁歲伎倆 2022-03-16 01:42 868阅读 0赞

## **总目录** >> [PythonOCC入门进阶到实战][PythonOCC](目前已更新入门篇、基础篇和进阶篇) ##

--------------------

### 写在前面 ###

刚开始的时候，只是比较多的关注功能层的实现，但是随着项目的推进，慢慢发现现有官方提供的主界面过于简单，再加上一些cad开发者也在不断地询问哪里有界面开发的教程，我想稍微总结一下之前做界面的经历，希望能够给大家一些启发和帮助。如果你觉得有用，**关注下我**，这就是对我最大的支持。

### 1.开发前提 ###

首先要确认你已经安装了pyqt5，没有安装的，自行安装`pip install pyqt5`  
关于使用pyside，wxpython的朋友，这方面我没太研究，但是本质应该差别不大。

本教程只是对主界面进行一个初步开发，如果你想拥有比较完善美观的界面，可以参考下这本书：pyqt5快速开发与实践

### 2.依赖文件 qtDisplay. py ###

将如下代码复制到名为qtDisplay. py，放到和主程序mainwindow（下面讲）同一文件夹

import logging
    import os
    import sys
    
    from OCC.Display import OCCViewer
    
    from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, QtOpenGL
    # check if signal available, not available
    # on PySide
    HAVE_PYQT_SIGNAL = hasattr(QtCore, 'pyqtSignal')
    
    logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=logging.DEBUG)
    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
    
    
    class point(object):
        def __init__(self, obj=None):
            self.x = 0
            self.y = 0
            if obj is not None:
                self.set(obj)
    
        def set(self, obj):
            self.x = obj.x()
            self.y = obj.y()
    
    
    class qtBaseViewer(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
        ''' The base Qt Widget for an OCC viewer '''
    
        def __init__(self, parent=None):
            QtOpenGL.QGLWidget.__init__(self, parent)
            self._display = None
            self._inited = False
    
            # enable Mouse Tracking
            self.setMouseTracking(True)
            # Strong focus
            self.setFocusPolicy(QtCore.Qt.WheelFocus)
    
            # required for overpainting the widget
            self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_PaintOnScreen)
            self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_NoSystemBackground)
            self.setAutoFillBackground(False)
    
        def GetHandle(self):
            ''' returns an the identifier of the GUI widget. It must be an integer '''
            win_id = self.winId()  # this returns either an int or voitptr
    
            if "%s" % type(win_id) == "<type 'PyCObject'>":  # PySide
                ### with PySide, self.winId() does not return an integer
                if sys.platform == "win32":
                    ## Be careful, this hack is py27 specific
                    ## does not work with python31 or higher
                    ## since the PyCObject api was changed
                    import ctypes
                    ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
                    ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [
                        ctypes.py_object]
                    win_id = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(win_id)
            elif not isinstance(win_id, int):  # PyQt4 or 5
                ## below integer cast may be required because self.winId() can
                ## returns a sip.voitptr according to the PyQt version used
                ## as well as the python version
                win_id = int(win_id)
            return win_id
    
        def resizeEvent(self, event):
            if self._inited:
                super(qtBaseViewer,self).resizeEvent(event)
                self._display.OnResize()
    
    
    class qtViewer3d(qtBaseViewer):
    
        # emit signal when selection is changed
        # is a list of TopoDS_*
        if HAVE_PYQT_SIGNAL:
            sig_topods_selected = QtCore.pyqtSignal(list)
    
        def __init__(self, *kargs):
            qtBaseViewer.__init__(self, *kargs)
    
            self.setObjectName("qt_viewer_3d")
    
            self._drawbox = False
            self._zoom_area = False
            self._select_area = False
            self._inited = False
            self._leftisdown = False
            self._middleisdown = False
            self._rightisdown = False
            self._selection = None
            self._drawtext = True
            self._qApp = QtWidgets.QApplication.instance() 
            self._key_map = { }
            self._current_cursor = "arrow"
            self._available_cursors = { }
    
        @property
        def qApp(self):
            # reference to QApplication instance
            return self._qApp
    
        @qApp.setter
        def qApp(self, value):
            self._qApp = value
    
        def InitDriver(self):
            self._display = OCCViewer.Viewer3d(self.GetHandle())
            self._display.Create()
            # background gradient
            self._display.set_bg_gradient_color(206, 215, 222, 128, 128, 128)
            # background gradient
            self._display.display_trihedron()
            self._display.SetModeShaded()
            self._display.DisableAntiAliasing()
            self._inited = True
            # dict mapping keys to functions
            self._SetupKeyMap()
            #
            self._display.thisown = False
            self.createCursors()
    
        def createCursors(self):
            module_pth = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
            icon_pth = os.path.join(module_pth, "icons")
    
            _CURSOR_PIX_ROT = QtGui.QPixmap(os.path.join(icon_pth, "cursor-rotate.png"))
            _CURSOR_PIX_PAN = QtGui.QPixmap(os.path.join(icon_pth, "cursor-pan.png"))
            _CURSOR_PIX_ZOOM = QtGui.QPixmap(os.path.join(icon_pth, "cursor-magnify.png"))
            _CURSOR_PIX_ZOOM_AREA = QtGui.QPixmap(os.path.join(icon_pth, "cursor-magnify-area.png"))
    
            self._available_cursors = { 
                "arrow": QtGui.QCursor(QtCore.Qt.ArrowCursor),  # default
                "pan": QtGui.QCursor(_CURSOR_PIX_PAN),
                "rotate": QtGui.QCursor(_CURSOR_PIX_ROT),
                "zoom": QtGui.QCursor(_CURSOR_PIX_ZOOM),
                "zoom-area": QtGui.QCursor(_CURSOR_PIX_ZOOM_AREA),
            }
    
            self._current_cursor = "arrow"
    
        def _SetupKeyMap(self):
            self._key_map = { ord('W'): self._display.SetModeWireFrame,
                             ord('S'): self._display.SetModeShaded,
                             ord('A'): self._display.EnableAntiAliasing,
                             ord('B'): self._display.DisableAntiAliasing,
                             ord('H'): self._display.SetModeHLR,
                             ord('F'): self._display.FitAll,
                             ord('G'): self._display.SetSelectionMode}
    
        def keyPressEvent(self, event):
            code = event.key()
            if code in self._key_map:
                self._key_map[code]()
            else:
                log.info("key: %s \nnot mapped to any function", code)
    
        def Test(self):
            if self._inited:
                self._display.Test()
    
        def focusInEvent(self, event):
            if self._inited:
                self._display.Repaint()
    
        def focusOutEvent(self, event):
            if self._inited:
                self._display.Repaint()
    
        def paintEvent(self, event):
            if self._inited:
                self._display.Context.UpdateCurrentViewer()
                # important to allow overpainting of the OCC OpenGL context in Qt
                self.swapBuffers()
    
            if self._drawbox:
                self.makeCurrent()
                painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
                painter.setPen(QtGui.QPen(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0), 1))
                rect = QtCore.QRect(*self._drawbox)
                painter.drawRect(rect)
                painter.end()
                self.doneCurrent()
    
        def ZoomAll(self, evt):
            self._display.FitAll()
    
        def wheelEvent(self, event):
            try:  # PyQt4/PySide
                delta = event.delta()
            except:  # PyQt5
                delta = event.angleDelta().y()
            if delta > 0:
                zoom_factor = 2.
            else:
                zoom_factor = 0.5
            self._display.Repaint()
            self._display.ZoomFactor(zoom_factor)
    
        def dragMoveEvent(self, event):
            pass
    
        @property
        def cursor(self):
            return self._current_cursor
    
        @cursor.setter
        def cursor(self, value):
            if not self._current_cursor == value:
    
                self._current_cursor = value
                cursor = self._available_cursors.get(value)
    
                if cursor:
                    self.qApp.setOverrideCursor(cursor)
                else:
                    self.qApp.restoreOverrideCursor()
    
        def mousePressEvent(self, event):
            self.setFocus()
            self.dragStartPos = point(event.pos())
            self._display.StartRotation(self.dragStartPos.x, self.dragStartPos.y)
    
        def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
            pt = point(event.pos())
            modifiers = event.modifiers()
    
            if event.button() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
                if self._select_area:
                    [Xmin, Ymin, dx, dy] = self._drawbox
                    self._display.SelectArea(Xmin, Ymin, Xmin + dx, Ymin + dy)
                    self._select_area = False
                else:
                    # multiple select if shift is pressed
                    if modifiers == QtCore.Qt.ShiftModifier:
                        self._display.ShiftSelect(pt.x, pt.y)
                    else:
                        # single select otherwise
                        self._display.Select(pt.x, pt.y)
    
                        if (self._display.selected_shapes is not None) and HAVE_PYQT_SIGNAL:
                            self.sig_topods_selected.emit(self._display.selected_shapes)
    
    
            elif event.button() == QtCore.Qt.RightButton:
                if self._zoom_area:
                    [Xmin, Ymin, dx, dy] = self._drawbox
                    self._display.ZoomArea(Xmin, Ymin, Xmin + dx, Ymin + dy)
                    self._zoom_area = False
    
            self.cursor = "arrow"
    
        def DrawBox(self, event):
            tolerance = 2
            pt = point(event.pos())
            dx = pt.x - self.dragStartPos.x
            dy = pt.y - self.dragStartPos.y
            if abs(dx) <= tolerance and abs(dy) <= tolerance:
                return
            self._drawbox = [self.dragStartPos.x, self.dragStartPos.y, dx, dy]
            self.update()
    
        def mouseMoveEvent(self, evt):
            pt = point(evt.pos())
            buttons = int(evt.buttons())
            modifiers = evt.modifiers()
            # ROTATE
            if (buttons == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton and
                    not modifiers == QtCore.Qt.ShiftModifier):
                dx = pt.x - self.dragStartPos.x
                dy = pt.y - self.dragStartPos.y
                self.cursor = "rotate"
                self._display.Rotation(pt.x, pt.y)
                self._drawbox = False
            # DYNAMIC ZOOM
            elif (buttons == QtCore.Qt.RightButton and
                  not modifiers == QtCore.Qt.ShiftModifier):
                self.cursor = "zoom"
                self._display.Repaint()
                self._display.DynamicZoom(abs(self.dragStartPos.x),
                                          abs(self.dragStartPos.y), abs(pt.x),
                                          abs(pt.y))
                self.dragStartPos.x = pt.x
                self.dragStartPos.y = pt.y
                self._drawbox = False
            # PAN
            elif buttons == QtCore.Qt.MidButton:
                dx = pt.x - self.dragStartPos.x
                dy = pt.y - self.dragStartPos.y
                self.dragStartPos.x = pt.x
                self.dragStartPos.y = pt.y
                self.cursor = "pan"
                self._display.Pan(dx, -dy)
                self._drawbox = False
            # DRAW BOX
            # ZOOM WINDOW
            elif (buttons == QtCore.Qt.RightButton and
                  modifiers == QtCore.Qt.ShiftModifier):
                self._zoom_area = True
                self.cursor = "zoom-area"
                self.DrawBox(evt)
            # SELECT AREA
            elif (buttons == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton and
                  modifiers == QtCore.Qt.ShiftModifier):
                self._select_area = True
                self.DrawBox(evt)
            else:
                self._drawbox = False
                self._display.MoveTo(pt.x, pt.y)
                self.cursor = "arrow"

### 3.主文件 mainwindow. py ###

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    import sys
    from OCC.gp import gp_Pnt
    from OCC.Extend.DataExchange import read_iges_file
    from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
    
    from qtDisplay import qtViewer3d
    from PyQt5 import  QtCore
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialog, QAction, QApplication, QMenu, QMainWindow, QHBoxLayout, QDockWidget, \
        QListWidget, QLabel, qApp
    
    
    
    
    
    class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
        def __init__(self, *args):
            ''' 初始化界面 '''
            # 中心控件
            # 中心控件
            QMainWindow.__init__(self, *args)
            layout=QHBoxLayout()         # 水平布局
            self.canva = qtViewer3d(self)
            # 显示设置
            self.canva.InitDriver()        # canva的驱动,设置驱动后，才能成功display
            display = self.canva._display
            display.set_bg_gradient_color(206, 215, 222, 128, 128, 128)  # 设置背景渐变色
            display.display_trihedron()   # display black trihedron
            self.setWindowTitle("Aim")
            # self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('./icons/aim.png')) #设置程序图标
            self.setCentralWidget(self.canva)
            self.resize(1024,768)
            self.centerOnScreen()
    
            # 容器控件
            # 容器控件
            self.items=QDockWidget('功能区',self)
            self.listWidget=QListWidget()
            self.listWidget.addItem('item1')
            self.listWidget.addItem('item2')
            self.listWidget.addItem('item3')
            self.items.setWidget(self.listWidget)
            self.items.setFloating(False)
            self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea,self.items)
    
    
            # #### 菜单栏
            # #### 菜单栏
    
            menubar = self.menuBar()
            # 第一个菜单栏‘打开文件’
            file=menubar.addMenu('&打开文件')
            file.addAction('模型导入')
            file.addAction('打开表格文件')
            file.addAction('打开图片')
    
            # #### 工具栏
    
            #工具一：打开文件
            exitAction = QAction(QIcon('./icons/open.gif'), '打开文件', self)
            exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
            exitAction.triggered.connect(QFileDialog.getOpenFileName)
            self.toolbar = self.addToolBar('Exit')
            self.toolbar.addAction(exitAction)
    
            # #### label标签
            label=QLabel(self)
            label.move(900,0)
            label.setText("<a href='https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42755384/article/details/87893697'>PythonOCC帮助</a>")
            label.setOpenExternalLinks(True)
            self.setLayout(layout)
            # 临时读入一个文件
            P0 = gp_Pnt(0, 0, 1)
            P1 = gp_Pnt(0, 30, 20)
            display.DisplayShape(P0)
            display.DisplayShape(P1)
            # display.DisplayShape(shapes,update=True)
        def centerOnScreen(self):
            '''屏幕居中'''
            resolution = QApplication.desktop().screenGeometry()
            x = (resolution.width() - self.frameSize().width()) / 2
            y = (resolution.height() - self.frameSize().height()) / 2
            self.move(x, y)
    
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
            app = QApplication(sys.argv)  # 创建应用
            win = MainWindow()            # 创建主窗口
            win.canva.qApp = app          # 将自己创建的应用与canva中的 Qapp连接起来
            win.show()                    # 主窗口显示
            win.canva.InitDriver()        # 社区反馈，添加此语句，以下的bug不会出现。
            win.raise_()                  # 窗口置顶
            sys.exit(app.exec_())

如果没什么意外的话，会出现如下界面：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mjc1NTM4NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
这里是有一个小bug的，就是显示区是黑的，但是然后你全屏一下就恢复了，后面我再修复这个bug。  
**理想版本如下**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mjc1NTM4NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

[PythonOCC]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42755384/article/details/87893697
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mjc1NTM4NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220316/07ff1810efa34530bc2d0e1303867b37.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mjc1NTM4NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220316/05e030d8879f45c2a9ffcbcf1b5ab1a0.png