linux安装Mysql及使用详解(Centos 7.4)

曾经终败给现在 2022-03-01 08:50 180阅读 0赞

**1.官网路径：**  
（1）个人选择版本5.7.22  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
（2）因本地网速较慢，选择wget直接下载到linux服务器上。  
（3）Mysql下载url为：[https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz][https_cdn.mysql.com_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]  
（4）开始下载，提示：-bash: wget: 未找到命令  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322094919718.png]  
解决方法：yum -y install wget  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
（5）安装成功后，继续wget下载mysql。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
（6）下载完成后，安装。  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095351196.png]![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095402388.png]  
解压  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095432720.png]  
重命名  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095454569.png]  
赋权限  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095530286.png]  
查询依赖是否安装  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
初始化mysql命令  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095608966.png]  
初始化报错：没有这个文件夹  
解决办法：在根目录下创建需要的文件夹  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095712586.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095720627.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095727232.png]  
重新初始化mysql  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
注：红色位置为密码  
（7）修改Mysql配置文件  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322095856234.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
basedir：数据库安装位置 bindir： mysql的bin路径 datadir: 数据库文件存放位置  
sbindir libexecdir  
（8）修改my.cnf文件

[client]
    no-beep
    socket =/yearns/mysql-5.7.22/mysql/mysql.sock
    # pipe
    # socket=0.0
    port=3306
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    [mysqld]
    basedir=/yearns/mysql/mysql-5.7.22
    datadir=/mysql-5.7.22/data
    port=3306
    pid-file=/yearns/mysql/mysql-5.7.22/mysqld.pid
    #skip-grant-tables
    skip-name-resolve
    socket = /yearns/mysql/mysql-5.7.22/mysql.sock
    character-set-server=utf8
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
    #不区分大小写
    lower_case_table_names=1
    # Server Id.
    server-id=1
    max_connections=2000
    query_cache_size=0
    table_open_cache=2000
    tmp_table_size=246M
    thread_cache_size=300
    #限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用
    thread_stack = 192k
    key_buffer_size=512M
    read_buffer_size=4M
    read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
    innodb_data_home_dir = /mysql-5.7.22/data
    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
    innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
    innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
    innodb_log_file_size=128M
    innodb_thread_concurrency=128
    innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
    innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
    innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
    innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
    innodb_open_files=300
    innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
    innodb_file_per_table=1
    innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
    back_log=80
    flush_time=0
    join_buffer_size=128M
    max_allowed_packet=1024M
    max_connect_errors=2000
    open_files_limit=4161
    query_cache_type=0
    sort_buffer_size=32M
    table_definition_cache=1400
    binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
    sync_master_info=10000
    sync_relay_log=10000
    sync_relay_log_info=10000
    #批量插入数据缓存大小，可以有效提高插入效率，默认为8M
    bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
    interactive_timeout = 120
    wait_timeout = 120
    log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
    sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
    #
    # include all files from the config directory
    !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100205530.png]  
（9）启动mysql  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100225696.png]  
登录mysql数据库  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100243693.png]  
错误解决：  
文件位置写错了，修改 etc/my.cnf即可。正确位置为: /yearns/mysql-5.7.22/mysql.sock  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
（10）登录mysql数据库修改密码  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100517392.png]  
修改密码 alter user ‘root’@‘localhost’ identified by ‘root’;  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100533567.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100540471.png]  
quit退出  
（11）关闭防火墙，禁止开机启动  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190322100604943.png]  
至此结束，可通过第三方工具进行远程连接数据库。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
附：开机自启动mysql命令

1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql

cp /yearns/mysql/mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

2、赋予可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

3、添加服务

chkconfig --add mysqld

4、显示服务列表

chkconfig --list

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI0MzQ3NTQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
如果看到mysql的服务，并且3,4,5都是开的话则成功，如果是关，则键入

chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on

5、重启电脑

reboot

6、验证

netstat -na | grep 3306

![在这里插入图片描述][20190322101912298.png]  
如果看到有监听说明服务启动了

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[https_cdn.mysql.com_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]: https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[20190322094919718.png]: /images/20220301/8360f0c9c1b241a0aad5ecb946b26a9b.png
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