springmvc项目开发——常用功能

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-02-28 00:42 261阅读 0赞

### 0、配置文件 ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p><img alt="" height="420" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408104915549.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="660"></p> <p>————————</p> <p><img alt="" height="492" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408105516435.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="665"></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"&gt;

&lt;!-- 扫描@Controler  @Service @repository @component --&gt;
        &lt;context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/&gt;
        
        &lt;mvc:annotation-driven/&gt;
        
        
   &lt;/beans&gt;</code></pre> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **1、什么是Spring MVC ？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Spring&nbsp;MVC是一个JAVA web端框架（struts2也是），采用了MVC设计模式，通过把Model，View，Controller进行分离，方便单独模块开发和维护，方便组内开发人员之间的配合。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **2、SpringMVC怎么样设定重定向和转发的？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>（1）转发：在返回值前面加"forward:"，譬如"forward:user.do?name=method4"</p> <p>（2）重定向：在返回值前面加"redirect:"，譬如"redirect:http://www.baidu.com"</p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="254" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408125752736.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="869"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **3、SpringMVC怎么和AJAX相互调用的？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>通过Jackson框架就可以把Java里面的对象直接转化成Js可以识别的Json对象。具体步骤如下 ：</p> <p>（1）加入Jackson.jar</p> <p>（2）在配置文件中配置json的映射</p> <p>（3）在接受Ajax方法里面可以直接返回Object,List等,但方法前面要加上@ResponseBody注解。</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **4、如何解决POST请求中文乱码问题，GET的又如何处理呢？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>（1）解决post请求乱码问题：</p> <p>在web.xml中配置一个CharacterEncodingFilter过滤器，设置成utf-8；</p> <p><img alt="" height="520" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190324015323435.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="1184"></p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>（2）get请求中文参数出现乱码解决方法有两个：</p> <p><img alt="" height="247" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190324020208865.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="988"></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **5、Spring MVC的异常处理 ？** ###

### **6、SpringMvc的控制器是不是单例模式,如果是,有什么问题,怎么解决？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>答：是单例模式,所以在多线程访问的时候有线程安全问题,不要用同步,会影响性能的,解决方案是在控制器里面(controller类中)</p> <p>不能定义成员字段(不要定义成员变量)。</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **7、 SpringMVC常用的注解有哪些？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>@RequestMapping：用于处理请求 url 映射的注解，可用于类或方法上。用于类上，则表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是以该地址作为父路径。</p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="264" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408125351203.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="631"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p>@RequestBody：注解实现接收http请求的json数据，将json转换为java对象。</p> <p>@ResponseBody：注解实现将conreoller方法返回对象转化为json对象响应给客户(Ajax方式)。</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **8、如果在拦截请求中，我想拦截get方式提交的方法,怎么配置？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>答：可以在@RequestMapping注解里面加上method=RequestMethod.GET。</p> <p><img alt="" height="128" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408124920506.png" width="1193"></p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **9、怎样在方法里面得到Request,或者Session？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>答：直接在方法的形参中声明request,SpringMvc就自动把request对象传入。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **10、参数的获取与传递** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>答：直接在方法形参里面声明这个参数就可以,但必须名字和传过来的参数一样。</p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td> <p><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color:#f33b45;"> &nbsp; &nbsp; 简单参数封装</span></strong></p> <p><img alt="" height="430" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408111859517.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="658"></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td> <p><strong><span style="color:#f33b45;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 表单数据封装到实体类中</span></strong></p> <p><img alt="" height="409" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408112024923.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="633"></p> </td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong>&nbsp;后台数据放入modelmap传给前端</strong></span></p> <p><img alt="" height="390" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408121413407.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="698"></p> </td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong>&nbsp;数组参数的封装</strong></span></p> <p><img alt="" height="366" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408122950641.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="637"></p> </td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **11、如果前台有很多个参数传入,并且这些参数都是一个对象的,那么怎么样快速得到这个对象？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>答：直接在方法中声明这个对象,SpringMvc就自动会把属性赋值到这个对象里面(参数定义的名字必须与对象里面定义的属性名字一样)。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **12、SpringMvc中函数的返回值有哪些？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>答：返回值可以有很多类型,有String, ModelAndView。ModelAndView类把视图和数据都合并的一起的，但一般用String比较好。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **13、SpringMvc用什么对象从后台向前台传递数据的？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>答：通过ModelMap对象,可以在这个对象里面调用put方法,把对象加到里面,前台就可以通过el表达式拿到。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **14、怎么样把ModelMap里面的数据放入Session里面？** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>答：可以在类上面加上@SessionAttributes注解,里面包含的字符串就是要放入session里面的key。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **15、springMVC配置文件中指定映射文件的前缀和后缀路径？** ###

### **16、文件上传** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 配置文件springmvc.xml</strong></span></p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="224" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408131004340.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="684"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p><span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 后台接受</strong></span></p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="339" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019040813143181.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="645"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **17、Springmvc去掉静态资源拦截** ###

### **18、拦截器** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;实体类</strong></span></p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="561" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408132851806.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="688"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span style="color:#f33b45;"><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;配置文件springmvc.xml</strong></span></p> 
    <table> 
     <tbody> 
      <tr> 
       <td><img alt="" height="382" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190408133120213.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEyODU5ODk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="709"></td> 
      </tr> 
     </tbody> 
    </table><p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### **19、Springmvc直接把中文输出到页面乱码问题** ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <pre><code>  &lt;mvc:annotation-driven &gt;
		&lt;mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false"&gt;
			&lt;bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"&gt;  
				&lt;constructor-arg value="UTF-8" /&gt;
			&lt;/bean&gt;  
		&lt;/mvc:message-converters&gt;	
	&lt;/mvc:annotation-driven&gt;</code></pre> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>