DTD、XSD（xml Schema语言）约束

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-02-25 03:46 314阅读 0赞

**目录：[DTD、Schema约束][DTD_Schema]**

dtd和Schema约束：http://blog.csdn.net/wust\_\_wangfan/article/details/53187982

*  DTD约束：
    
    1.  dtd约束文件概念：[DTD约束技术][DTD]
    2.  编写dtd约束：.dtd文件：[https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/a3a3f8113ebb168da2eb8adb.html][https_jingyan.baidu.com_article_a3a3f8113ebb168da2eb8adb.html]
    3.  导入dtd约束的三种方式
        
        1.  内部导入
        2.  外部导入
        3.  互联网导入
    4.  xml文件导入dtd约束的好处：1.编写出错会有提示；2.会有提示可用的标签有哪些
    5.  本地引入：  
        实例：mybatis引入dtd约束：  
        MyBatis的约束文件位置，都放在jar包里面，先添加mybatis依赖，刷新项目后可看到：
        
        ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]
        
        MyBatis 主配置文件 mybatis.xml：官网文档也有实例  
        将上面两个文件复制保存在本地。  
        然后  
        ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]  
        ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]
    6.  在线引入：
        
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
            <!DOCTYPE configuration
              PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
              "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
            <configuration>
            	
            </configuration>
        
        MyBatis 映射文件 mapper.xml
        
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
            <!DOCTYPE mapper
              PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
              "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
            <mapper namespace="命名空间">
            	
            </mapper>
        
         
 *  Schema约束
    
    1.  Schema约束概念
    2.  编写Schema约束：.xsd文件
    3.  导入Schema约束的方式
    4.  xml文件导入schema约束的好处：1.编写出错会有提示；2.会有提示可用的标签有哪些
    5.  实例：spring引入schema约束：以下四行是spring.xml文件的基石  
        ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]  
        spring约束大全：application.xml
        
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
            <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
                   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
            
                xsi:schemaLocation="
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
            
            
            </beans>
    6.  练习1：在xml文件中添加spring  aop 约束
        
        1.  第一步：项目添加spring-aop.jar包  
            ![20190331190713203.png][]
        2.  第二步：在此jar下找到配置文件 - .xsd文件  
            ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]
        3.  第三步：打开spring-aop-2.0.xsd  
            ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]
        4.  第四步：在xml文件中添加3行  
            ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]
        5.  完成，可以使用spring aop提示了
    7.  练习2：在xml文件中添加 dubbo 约束（spring和dubbo整合，所以也是在sprign.xml文件中配置）
        
        1.  第一种：在线引用
            
                <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
                <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
                	xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
                	xsi:schemaLocation=
                	"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
                	http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
                	http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
                	
                	
                </beans>
        2.  第二种：本地引用
            
            1.  第一步：项目添加dubbo依赖
                
                    <dependency>
                    		<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                    		<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                    		<version>2.6.0</version>
                    </dependency>
            2.  第二步：刷新项目后，查看jar所在位置如图所示  
                ![2019033119552684.png][]
            3.  第三步：解压dubbo-2.8.4.jar，从meta-inf中找到dubbo.xsd  
                ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]
            4.  第四步：Eclipse中Window =>preferencr => xml => xml catalog添加catalog，如图所示，Location指向本机dubbo.xsd文件, Key是[*http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd*][http_code.alibabatech.com_schema_dubbo_dubbo.xsd],key是从xml schemaLocation拷贝过来的。  
                ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]
            5.  第五步：在src\\main\\java下创建applicationContext.xml
                
                    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
                    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
                    	xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
                    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                    			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
                    			http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
                    			http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
                    
                    
                    
                    </beans>

[DTD_Schema]: https://blog.csdn.net/wust__wangfan/article/details/53187982
[DTD]: http://www.kokojia.com/article/20971.html
[https_jingyan.baidu.com_article_a3a3f8113ebb168da2eb8adb.html]: https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/a3a3f8113ebb168da2eb8adb.html
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220225/9ac146650f5f44edaf5e53c1e16c9227.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220225/9dc98aff540f4b9f826090be42e475be.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220225/9f1550514d6f4e04a253584ccd48c45a.png
[20190331190713203.png]: /images/20220225/3bccc3e2b91b49c7b3e249f2cd13056c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220225/7ee6636365604a72bf873738682c686d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220225/4f022e32a5f34296a44558161d77561a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220225/eee7031f2dd145c4a2816bea9514a4e0.png
[2019033119552684.png]: /images/20220225/20e7d58cff8847d4b22b063bf2df5513.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20220225/159477797fde4f4c83f9e358e538d1e1.png
[http_code.alibabatech.com_schema_dubbo_dubbo.xsd]: http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpZ3VhbmdfODIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20220225/018c0221e2a54e8aa7604056f4df2391.png